Simple and effective ways to memorize vocabulary words. How to learn vocabulary words easily and with pleasure? How to learn Russian vocabulary words for a child

Studying vocabulary words gives primary school teachers a lot of trouble. Often, after drawing children’s attention to the peculiarities of the spelling of a word and emphasizing the necessary letters, they suggest writing it down in a dictionary and remembering how it is spelled. But memory often fails young schoolchildren, since they do not yet know any memorization methods, and not every teacher can teach them these methods. Of course, there are many creative teachers who try to diversify the process of learning vocabulary words: they select poems, proverbs and sayings, introduce these words into the context of entertaining content, etc. But, unfortunately, the results in these cases do not always correspond to expectations.

Meanwhile, there is a method that will help cope with this problem. It is based on the age-related characteristics of the thinking of younger schoolchildren and the general laws of memorization.

This publication presents two options for working with dictionary words.

Option I

The thinking of primary school students is visual and figurative in nature, that is, it is based on specific ideas and images. In this regard, the majority of them have a correspondingly predominant figurative type of memory.

In addition, it should be noted that successful memorization is facilitated by compliance with certain conditions:

1) memorization mindset: the student must want to remember what he needs to remember;
2) interest: what is interesting is easier to remember;
3) brightness of perception: everything that is bright, unusual, and that which evokes certain emotions is better remembered;
4) imagery of imprinting: memorization based on images is much better than mechanical memorization.

All these conditions are met when memorizing vocabulary words using the proposed method. Its essence is that the child, in order to remember the word, makes drawings on letters that cause difficulty in writing. Children enjoy doing this exciting activity, and the results ultimately meet their expectations.

Instructions for the teacher

1. Name the word that needs to be remembered and write it on the chalkboard.
2. Find out whether the meaning of the word is clear to children.
3. Give instructions for memorization.
4. Mark letters that may cause difficulties when writing.
5. Write the word in block letters.
6. Invite children to make drawings in their notebooks on “difficult” letters, based on the meaning of the word.
7. When the drawings are ready, those interested demonstrate their options on the board.

How to draw

On the letter O it is very easy to draw a tomato, and the letter And- these are knives that can be used to cut it.

When you get stung by a nettle, it's hard not to scream.

It's very easy to make a letter out of bananas. A, but it is impossible to make a letter O.

There is no alley without trees... and there are also people walking along the alley, and not just one or two, but many...

And these plumbers came to repair the battery.

This word is very easy to remember - pencils and a box for them.

Why not imagine like this?

What's a sunrise without the sun?

What's a drum without sticks?

Once they bought me a balloon, it was great!

Do you have a vegetable garden at your dacha?

Of course, there must be at least a small staircase in the middle of this word.

When the appetite is worked up, no one will refuse a couple of cutlets or... popsicles.

This little man is not afraid of a puddle on the letter O, because he is wearing boots.

Boys love this word very much; they come up with many variations.

Everything is clear here without explanation.

Drawings should be made only on those letters that cause difficulty in writing, otherwise a “pile up” of images occurs. The drawing must necessarily correspond to the meaning of the word.

This process is as exciting as it is useful. Children enjoy drawing, which not only allows them to remember vocabulary words, but also develops their imagination.

Note. The teacher needs to remember that there is a process of forgetting, and think through a system of repetitions.

L.P. Kopylova,
psychologist of Lyceum No. 42 VSJ,
Irkutsk-17

Option II

Vocabulary words are memorized using a mnemonic system of “connections”, which is as follows:

1) memorization occurs more easily if a person mentally imagines objects, phenomena or actions that words mean;
2) objects combined into groups should “come to life”, “move”.

At our classroom ss and in su bb where was ru ss cue language.

Katya's apartment A rtire on k A mouth to A R A Nicely drawn to A strulya and st A can. And Olya is over the edge O vatyu – apple O co.

It was good O G O Yes. (The sun was shining.) We drove along the O R O ge na O G O R O d. (Draw bicycle wheels.) We planted O V O cabbage soup (Vegetable seeds resemble the letter O.) G O R O x (draw peas), m O rk O ve, O cucumber, p O midor. But we also have “wrong” ones. A sthenia, their seeds resemble a letter O, and the letter grows A. TO A empty, to A rotofel.

We arrived at the A mvae to m A G A zine and bought it for tomorrow A k m A Lina.

Pa ss azhir a kk passed quickly through a ll her big ra ss groaning.

per hour e twerg in lag e re we drew psh e Nice h e rn and f e with thin pencils.

Stand with pencils resembles a letter e.

A man was walking through the city, suddenly a black cat jumped out in front. I turned back - there was a dead end, I went left - there was a dead end on the left, I went right - and there was a dead end on the right, I wanted to go down, but the asphalt from below was in the way. I had to meet a black cat. And all these words are written together.

Spelling letters A And O at the end of the words “left - left”, “right” - “right” can be remembered like this:

on the window O YU left O;
from the windows A YU left A;
on the window O YU right;
from the window Yu right A.

Wow! ABOUT once upon a time O grown blue O reh and apple O ko!

When we are very surprised, we open our eyes wide, they become like a letter O.

The wind was blowing e r from north e ra, medv e he was rocking vm eating e c b e reza.

Birch branches and claws on the bear's paws resemble a letter e. The bear pressed closely to the birch tree, merged with it, the word also merged together.

R A the barrel is going to the r A botu, puts on with A pogi, p A lto, sits in m A tire, goes to z A water

My r And the sunok is called "C" And rain on the street And tse".

The human figure is inscribed in the letter And. In one hand he holds a brush, in the other he leans on the table.

How to ride a bike? Fast O, cheerful O, sk O R O, X O R O w O.

My t O comrade dug up l O pata beds, planted yag O yes, it will be good O zhai.

A man's head, a shovel and a basket of berries resemble a letter O.

It was a month I ts June. Behind I ts put on I strawberry tongue

Upside down letter I– head of a hare with ears, strawberry.

Svetlana
YASHENKOVA,
primary school teacher, Sychevka, Smolensk region

Every person wants to write without errors. For people with innate literacy, coping with this problem is quite simple. But the majority have to make considerable efforts to master competent writing.

Of course, most often no difficulties arise with words whose spelling is regulated by rules. But with words that do not obey any rules, the situation is completely different. The correct spelling of vocabulary words should only be memorized.

A huge number of educated adults often think about the spelling of one word or another when it comes to composing documents or official letters. Quite often they have to check themselves using spelling dictionaries.

But it’s not always the case that a spelling dictionary is at hand at the right time. If adults have such a problem, then what can we say about children, because it is much more difficult for them. Learning vocabulary words is not an easy task. School students work hard on this, get nervous and get frustrated every time if, even after much effort, they make mistakes in the same words again and again. Neither teachers nor parents are left on the sidelines. They also actively participate in this whole process and are no less worried than their children.

It turns out that you can save a lot of nerves if you use fairly simple, but at the same time effective methods for quickly learning difficult words. There are only five such ways.

Reception No. 1.

Let's take, for example, such a difficult word with a double consonant as “terrarium”. If you come across this word, but are not sure of its spelling, then you should look in the dictionary so as not to make a mistake. But how can you remember this word? To do this, you can remember some word in which a double “r” also appears, but in the spelling of which, unlike “terrarium,” you will no longer doubt.

Reception No. 2.

This method is called “graphic”. This method of memorization is especially suitable for children. In the school curriculum there are many relatively simple and visual words. It is to memorize such words that you should resort to the graphic method. But such a technique will not work with more difficult words, and especially with abstract concepts.

The graphic memorization method is based on playing out an untestable letter using pictures. This means that in order to learn a difficult word, you need to draw a picture on which the word itself and the untestable letter will be drawn. The drawings should not be masterpieces of fine art; rather, they will be sketchy, because you are drawing exclusively for yourself.

Reception No. 3.

This method means the phonetic method. It is based on sound associations, which can make learning vocabulary words much easier. This method is very suitable for middle and high school students. It is also useful for adults to resort to this method of memorization. The phonetic method allows you to effortlessly learn the spelling of even the most difficult words.

Reception No. 4.

Here we will talk about a combined method. This method should be used to learn those difficult words where you have difficulty writing not one, but two or more letters. This method is a combination of two methods: phonetic and graphic. This approach allows you to use, for example, the method of phonetic associations to learn one untestable letter, and the graphic method to learn another.

Reception No. 5.

This method is based on the similarity of the letter shapes with something. These can be animals, objects, plants. You should pick up some object that is shaped like an untestable letter. In other words, using this method, you need to come up with suitable associations.