Exam in Russian language. Unified State Exam in Russian I will solve Unified State Exam tasks in Russian

The Unified State Examination in the Russian language, along with mathematics, is one of mandatory conditions to obtain a certificate and enter universities. Naturally, many people want to find the correct answers in advance and get the highest possible result.

This year, students will take the exam on June 6. We tell you what to do and what resources to use to earn precious points.

What types of tasks can you find answers to?

The Unified State Examination in the Russian language consists of two parts – test tasks with a short answer and an essay.

The first involves completing 25 short answer tasks. Answer options can be proposed - then only the number of the correct one will need to be entered in the appropriate field, or not - then you will have to formulate it yourself and write it down.

The types of tasks are as follows:

understanding the text;
knowledge of spelling norms (stresses);
knowledge of paronyms;
syntax (including punctuation);
morphology (various forms of words and rules for their formation);
spelling;
lexical norms;
text analysis.

Only one of them is new – task on knowledge of lexical norms, No. 20 in this year’s KIMs.

It is quite simple to formulate answers to such tasks - they do not require any detailed explanations. And this is very encouraging for those who are actively searching for answers - you just need to remember the necessary numbers and words.

Everything is much more difficult with the second one part of the Unified State Exam in Russian - an essay. All examiners know perfectly well what finished versions of essays look like, and learning an entire text by heart is not an easy task. However, if you are not confident in your abilities and willingness to improvise, you can always use ready-made arguments for all occasions. The problems that the essay raises are quite standard, and a list of arguments from literary classics can always help out. Although this is not a complete ready-made answer, it is quite easy to find.

Where to find ready-made answers to the Unified State Examination in the Russian language 2018

Answers to test tasks in Russian on the eve of the exam it will be very easy to find. They will be offered by literally any resource related to study - be it sites for schoolchildren or thematic groups in social networks.

Is it a good idea to try to use them? At your peril. Firstly, scammers will demand money from you for access to ready-made answers, and then they may not provide it. Secondly, there is absolutely no certainty that these answers will be relevant to the CMMs that you ultimately receive. In essence, you are getting a pig in a poke.

Even if you imagine the utopian possibility that you will somehow get your hands on the real answers to the tests, you are left with an essay that is rated very high - 42 points. And without it, you still won’t get a high score.

So the search ready-made solutions It doesn’t look like a particularly useful or profitable idea. The easiest way to find answers to the Unified State Exam in the Russian language is to learn the rules and practice writing an essay, then all the answers will be in your head.

The All-Russian examination in the Russian language is mandatory for all eleventh grade graduates. At first glance, this subject should not cause any particular difficulties, especially if you compare the Russian language with the same subject, which requires long and thorough preparation, as well as elaboration of the tasks presented in the program from grades 5 to 11.

Many students believe that there is no need to prepare for Russian, since it is the native language for most residents Russian Federation. We communicate on it every day, watch movies, correspond with friends on social networks... However, the Unified State Exam in the Russian language is not so simple - passing it requires some effort, especially if you are applying for a mark higher than “satisfactory”. In addition, this is characterized by a high threshold score, which will not be easy to achieve.

We would like to separately mention the annual changes in the ticket structure. Just look at the rumors about the introduction of speaking to the exam! Such an innovation can significantly reduce the quality and success rate of passing this Unified State Exam, because it is no secret that beautiful and competent speech is not heard very often in schools today. Well, let's figure out whether we should expect further innovations from specialists from FIPI, and also find out the features of the Unified State Exam-2018 in the Russian language.

The introduction of a speaking part will make it much more difficult for schoolchildren to pass the Unified State Exam!

Demo version of the Unified State Exam-2018

Unified State Exam dates in Russian

The final dates for the Unified State Examination will be known only in January. But today specialists from Rosobrnadzor are ready to announce the approximate time periods during which testing will take place:

the early stage of the Unified State Examination will take place from mid-March to mid-April 2018 (start date – 03/22/2018);
The main stage of the Unified State Examination will begin at the end of May and will last until the beginning of June 2018. Rosobrnadzor tentatively names the start date as 05/28/2018;
An additional period (taking the Unified State Exam by students who received unsatisfactory grades or missed the main exam due to illness and other valid reasons, documented) is scheduled for the first half of September 2018. So far, the starting date is September 4, 2018.

Let us remind you that the following people can write an application to take the exam early:

schoolchildren who received secondary education before the 2017/2018 academic year;
students who graduated from school with a certificate instead of a certificate;
evening school graduates;
individuals who go to study outside of Russia;
graduates of the current year who completed the curriculum ahead of schedule;
children leaving for sports competitions, competitions, Olympiads and other events of national or international significance;
schoolchildren in need of treatment or rehabilitation on the dates of the main exam.

Statistics for passing the Unified State Exam in the Russian language

Students’ opinion that with good preparation for Unified State Exam Russian Passing the language is quite easy, as confirmed by official statistics. Thus, in 2017, 617 thousand schoolchildren took part in the examination, of which only 1.6% were unable to overcome the minimum threshold (i.e., score 36 passing points required for).

In 2016, there were 2.5% of such students. In turn, only 0.5% of examinees did not achieve the minimum scores required to obtain a matriculation certificate, i.e. half as much as in 2016. According to Sergei Kravtsov, head of Rosobrnadzor, this trend indicates the effectiveness of the “I will pass the Unified State Exam” project, in which lagging students from Chechnya, Dagestan and Tuva took part before testing.

According to statistics, the percentage of schoolchildren who fail the Unified State Exam is gradually decreasing

Rules for the Unified State Exam 2018 in the Russian language

The testing procedure remains the same - students will have 3.5 hours (210 minutes) to complete the tasks. According to the regulations, before entering the examination hall, the student must empty his pockets of any foreign objects, which include cheat sheets, smartphones, cameras, headphones, tablets, smart watches and any other equipment.

When writing a test in the Russian language, the use of any other reference and auxiliary materials is not provided. Schoolchildren are prohibited from changing seats, talking with neighbors, turning their heads in the hope of spying on the answer, and also leaving the classroom without permission and accompaniment of a member of the supervisory commission.

What is included in the Russian language ticket?

The Russian language exam is aimed at:

assessment of the ability to conduct linguistic analysis;
identification of practical language skills in compliance with relevant norms and rules;
communication skills test;
assessing the understanding of written language through the prism of one’s own perception;
testing the ability to compare, analyze, synthesize, generalize, specify and find patterns.

When completing the work, the student will be faced with tasks that will test the level of his knowledge of vocabulary and phraseology, his understanding of language, spelling and punctuation norms, as well as the ability to use speech instruments.

Each ticket includes 26 tasks, divided into two parts:

The first part of the ticket is 25 tasks that require a short answer from the student. In this part of the Unified State Exam, the answer should be given in the form of one or more numbers, a word or a phrase. For correct completion of this part of the test, you can receive 34 primary points, which is 59% of all points for the Unified State Exam. Tasks numbered 2, 3-6, 8-14, 16-24 are scored 1 point, 1 and 15 – 2 points, 7 – 5 points, 25 – 4 points;
the second part of the ticket is on the proposed topic. It should provide a detailed and reasoned answer to the question posed. For correct completion of this part of the test, you can receive 24 primary points, which is 41% of all points for the Unified State Exam.

The entire ticket allows you to get a maximum of 58 primary points.

Innovations in tickets 2018

Experts from FIPI report that the following changes await schoolchildren in the new Russian language tickets:

One task (numbered 20) was added to the tickets, aimed at testing knowledge of the norms of vocabulary of the Russian language.
The maximum primary points that can be obtained for all work have been increased - now there will be 58, not 57, as in 2017.

Will speaking be included in the exam?

Over the past few years, rumors have increasingly arisen that another part will be added to the Russian language exam - speaking. Lyudmila Verbitskaya, head Russian Academy Education, stated that speaking would become an integral part of the exam back in 2016. Sergei Kravtsov, who heads Rosobrnadzor, also believed that Russian should not be taken at the basic and profile level, but it is absolutely necessary to test the ability of modern schoolchildren to express their thoughts out loud.

The Unified State Exam 2018 will require not only knowledge of the rules, but developed speaking skills

The leadership of the main educational department of the Russian Federation explained the need for this innovation by saying that the ability to apply language norms in practice can only be revealed when a student answers questions orally. This is the only way to understand whether the student knows how to express his thoughts beautifully and cogently, or whether he has simply memorized a certain number of rules.

Speaking did not appear in the Unified State Examination 2017, but at a conference at Moscow State University dedicated to the problems of the modern Russian language, Verbitskaya expressed confidence that in 2018 this part will definitely supplement the national examination in this subject. Not long ago, information appeared on the FIPI website that department specialists discussed the issue of including speaking in the Unified State Exam, having prepared a corresponding project. Today it includes two possible options CMM improvements:

the first assumes that the student will have to read the text expressively, then take part in the dialogue, and at the end, argueably express his position on some issue, based on the proposed text. You will need to do it in 15 minutes;
the second option includes four types of tasks: expressive reading of the proposed passage, retelling the information read, a monologue on a given topic, and participation in dialogue. 15 minutes will be allotted for all tasks.

At passing the Unified State Exam audio and video recording of the student’s answers will be carried out, which will then be listened to by members of the examination committee. However, in the CMM versions presented today, there is no speaking in the demo version. It is possible that the new type of Unified State Exam will first be tested on schoolchildren from the 9th grade who will have to take the State Examination.

Firstly, it is easier for them to equip classrooms with the necessary equipment, and secondly, for high school students, errors in the calculations of specialists from FIPI can become critical, ruining the chance of entering a university. It is quite possible that the project will not have time to pass the final approval stage in 2018, but students should prepare for this type of test.

How will the Unified State Exam in Russian affect the certificate?

Let us remind you that the scores that an eleventh grader received for the national exam influence the certificate. The maximum points for this Unified State Examination are 100. If we translate them into the regular school system of assessing knowledge, the picture looks like this:

students who managed to score only 0-35 points are recognized as “failing students”;
schoolchildren who were able to score 36-57 points for testing can qualify for the “three” mark;
58-71 points guarantee the student a grade of “four”;
graduates who score 72 points and above receive an “excellent” grade.

To enter the budget you will need more than 73 points for Russian

The minimum points that should be scored for the Russian language are directly dependent on the goal set by the student:

schoolchildren who do not intend to enter a university can write an exam for 24 points - this is enough to simply receive a certificate;
students who plan to enter higher education educational institution, must receive a minimum of 36 points on the test. You can overcome this threshold by correctly solving at least 16 tasks from the first part of the ticket. Of course, 36 points will not allow you to qualify for a budget place and a scholarship at the university. As the practice of past years shows, for regional universities the score must be at least 73, but to get into capital universities you need to manage to write the Unified State Examination in Russian with at least 88-94 points.

How to prepare for the Unified State Exam in Russian?

Preparing for the Russian language exam involves regular classes, practicing all existing rules and regulations, memorizing exceptions, and developing punctuation skills. In addition, it is highly recommended to regularly write dictations and short essays on a variety of topics.

Experts say that you should devote most of your time to task No. 26 - the essay will require you to be able to discuss and comment on a specific topic, support your point of view with arguments, think broadly, draw analogies and correctly insert quotes from other sources into the text. To do this, it is worth paying attention to reading classical works, the authors of which raise themes of ideological problems.

Of course, when preparing for the exam, you cannot do without working on demonstration CMMs developed by FIPI specialists for the new academic year. Of course, there will be no absolute match between the demo versions and the real tests, but the tasks are so similar that it will be easier for you to collect your thoughts during the exam. Only in this case you will not waste time trying to understand the structure of the ticket and its content. You can download official demo versions of CMMs in Russian at the beginning of the article.

At the Unified State Examination in Russian, you should correctly distribute the allotted time. Don't waste precious minutes lingering on difficult tests. You can return to them later, when answers to tasks that do not cause you difficulties are ready. To write an essay, you will need at least 60-70 minutes - creative tasks require time to gather your thoughts, sketch out a draft version of the work, and then carefully rewrite the essay on the answer sheet.

When preparing for the Unified State Exam, train yourself to regularly write essays and dictations.

What should you consider when writing an essay?

The essay involves writing a text in which the following components will be clearly highlighted:

introduction– here you should give a suitable quote, highlight the main idea of the author of the work, talk a little about his worldview, give your own thoughts on this topic, and then move on to the main part;
main part- divided into several structural components, each of which will be evaluated by a commission. Start by formulating the problem, describing its relevance and urgency. Provide comments on the problem, briefly retelling the text in your own words. Next, you need to express the author’s main idea and retell his vision of the issue. Express your opinion on this matter, agreeing with the author or, conversely, giving counterarguments. Your own thoughts should be supported by arguments in the form of quotes from famous personalities, statistical and scientific facts, descriptions of life situations or thoughts of other writers. At least two arguments must be given, and one of them is literary;

The Unified State Examination in Russian consists of two parts and 25 tasks.

First part represents 24 tasks. They can be test-type, with a choice of one or more answers, open-ended (fill in the blank yourself).

The answer to the tasks of Part 1 is given by the corresponding entry in the form of a number (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers) written without spaces, commas and other additional characters.

Part 1 tasks test graduates’ mastery of educational material both basic and high levels difficulties (tasks 7, 23–24).

Second part - consists of one task - 25. This task involves writing an essay based on the read and analyzed text.

Part 2 task (task 25 - essay) can be completed by the examinee at any level of difficulty (basic, advanced, high).

The work is given 210 minutes - 3.5 hours.

Distribution of tasks into parts exam paper

Parts of the work	Number of tasks	Maximum primary score	Type of tasks
1 part	24	33	Short answer
part 2	1	24	Detailed response
Total	25	57

Unpointing for tasks

Below I will give the “cost” of each task performed.

For the correct completion of each task first part (except for tasks 1, 7, 15 and 24) the examinee receives 1 point. For an incorrect answer or lack thereof, 0 points are given.

For completing tasks 1 and 15, you can score from 0 to 2 points.

The answer that contains all the numbers from the standard and no other numbers is considered correct.

For completing task 7, you can score from 0 to 5 points.

For each correctly indicated digit corresponding to a number from the list, the examinee receives 1 point (5 points: no errors; 4 points: one error was made; 3 points: two errors were made; 2 points: two digits were indicated correctly; 1 point: correctly indicated only one digit; 0 points: completely incorrect answer, i.e. incorrect sequence of numbers or lack thereof.

For completing task 24, you can score from 0 to 4 points. The answer that contains all the numbers from the standard and no other numbers is considered correct.

The maximum number of points that an examinee can receive if he or she completes the task correctly second part , is 24 points.

For correct completion of all tasks of the examination paper, you can receive the maximum 57 primary points .

The authors of the assignments are specialists who are directly involved in the development of Unified State Exam assignments.
Typical test tasks in the Russian language contain 14 variant sets of tasks, compiled taking into account all the requirements of the Unified State Exam in 2018.
The purpose of the manual is to provide readers with complete information about the structure and content of CIM in the Russian language, the degree of difficulty of tasks.
The collection contains answers to all test options and provides a detailed explanation of how to complete tasks in one option. In addition, samples of forms used in the Unified State Exam for recording answers are provided.
The manual is addressed to high school students for self-preparation and self-control, as well as teachers to prepare students for the Russian language exam.

Examples.
Which of the statements do not correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.
1) The writer was in bad mood, because the next day he had to get a job on a hunting schooner to go to the Kara Sea.
2) The author considers writing hard work.
3) The writer creates works about the most different people, and he must have an idea of the peculiarities of their work.
4) The life of a writer is difficult primarily because he cannot find happiness.
5) A real writer has such power that he is able to rebuild the world the way he wants.

Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) The construction of concrete and reinforced concrete structures is expensive and labor-intensive.
2) The lecturer encouraged future writers to have clarity, simplicity and graphic precision of expression, to work on the musicality and euphony of speech.
3) The girl was explaining something to a group of guys and at the same time she raised her voice and then lowered it again.
4) Neither Alexey nor his classmates took part in any of the events described.
5) Mamochkin’s courage was often posturing and needed to be spurred on, and the foreman understood this.

Free download e-book in a convenient format, watch and read:
Download the book Unified State Exam 2018, Russian language, 14 options, Model test tasks, Vasiliev I.P., Gosteva Yu.N. - fileskachat.com, fast and free download.

Unified State Exam 2020, Russian language, 50 options, Typical versions of exam tasks from the developers of the Unified State Exam, Vasilyev I.P., Gosteva Yu.N., Doshchinsky R.A., Smirnova M.S.
Unified State Exam 2020, Russian language, 37 options, Typical versions of exam tasks, Vasiliev I.P., Gosteva Yu.N.

OPTION 1

Read the text and complete tasks 1-3

(1) World experience shows that at the present stage of development of nanotechnology, one of the key places is occupied by the deposition of thin films in a vacuum. (2) By varying the thickness and number of layers in such films, it is possible, regardless of chemical composition obtain dielectric or semiconductor properties from metals and achieve higher strength and hardness. (3)<...>Using multicomponent and multilayer films, it is possible to form nanocomposite materials with a very wide range of applications.

1. Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the main information contained in the text?

1) World experience shows that at the present stage of development of nanotechnology, one of the key places is occupied by changing the properties of metals using thin films.

2) Today, the deposition of thin films in a vacuum occupies one of the key places in the development of nanotechnology, making it possible to control the properties of metals and create nanocomposite materials for general purposes.

3) One of the key places in the development of nanotechnology is the deposition of thin films in a vacuum, which makes it possible to control the properties of metals and create nanocomposite materials for general purposes.

4) By varying the thickness of the films, it is possible, regardless of the chemical composition, to change the usual properties of metals, achieving higher strength and hardness.

5) Using multicomponent and multilayer films, it is possible to form nanocomposite materials with a very wide range of purposes.

2. What word or combination of words should be in place of the gap in the third sentence of the text? Write this word down.

However,

Because

That's why

Hence

Thus

3 . Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word EXPERIENCE. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

EXPERIENCE , -and husband.

1. Reflection in the minds of people of the laws of the objective world and social practice, obtained as a result of their active practical knowledge (special).Sensual o.

3. Playing something. phenomena experimentally, creating something. new under certain conditions for the purpose of research and testing.Lucky o. Chemical experiments. Breeders' experiences.

4. An attempt to implement something, a trial implementation of something.First o. young writer.

4. In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.

encourage

bent

mosaic

narwhal

lied

5. One of the sentences below uses the highlighted word incorrectly. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.

The shop manager took responsibility, putting forward a GOOD proposal for organizing production.

A short, stocky man came out onto the porch and nodded his head welcomingly.

The leader of a serious project in which hundreds of people take part must be a deep and WHOLE personality.

His hut is extremely GOOD, durable, and he himself is a strong man, a real Russian hero.

For a person who did not know attention and care, this was the most DESIRED gift.

6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

pair of BOOTS

PLACE THE BOOKS

PLACE on the table

FIVE HUNDREDTH order

WEAR GLOVES

7. Establish a correspondence between the sentences and those admitted in them grammatical errors: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition

B) Resting in a chair, the painting “March” hangs in front of me.

2) violation of the connection between subject and predicate

B) There are books in the closet, newspapers and glassware on the shelves.

3) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application

D) Problems of the economy and business were the focus of attention of the host of the TV show “Business Moscow”.

4) error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members

D) Those who have read the critical article by N. A. Dobrolyubov are familiar with the critic’s assessment of the “dark kingdom.”

5) incorrect construction of sentences with participial phrase

6) violation in the construction of sentences with participial phrases

7) incorrect construction of sentences with indirect speech

8. Identify the word in which the unstressed vowel of the root being tested is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

b..reza

z..zrnitsa

burn...burn

k..mmersant

sorry..fly

9. Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.

.. blamed, .. fights;

un..known, mis..information;

and..straighten up, be..beard;

pr..breezy, pr..raise;

cur..ezny, presenter.

10. Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.

puzzled..puzzled

outdated

unlucky

pool..hole (hole)

marl..vy

11. Write down the word in which the letter E is written in the blank.

ventilate

tell...sh

bear with me

getting to know each other

pronounce..sh

12. Determine the sentence in which NOT is spelled together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.

The travelers walked without stopping all day, (not) feeling tired,

The publicist sharpened the social issues of the essay, pointing out the (in)justice of the existing order.

I have (no) reason to be angry with you.

She answered him, not at all embarrassed.

He never (never) looks straight.

13. Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.

(DURING) expeditions, specialists determine the species composition of animals and plants, and ALSO take samples of soil, water and air.

TO understand WHAT laws govern the Universe, people conduct research in space.

There is hardly ANY industry today that does not use wood in one way or another.

(B) IT IS FULLLY likely that (B) SOON there will be a natural merger of cable television with Internet networks.

(REALLY) happy and wise is the one who knows how to accumulate this wealth (BIT by) all his life.

14. Indicate all the numbers in whose place one letter N is written?

The owner was wearing a (1) fabric shirt, a (2) leather belt (3) belt, and (4) pants that had not been ironed for a long time.

15. Task 15 No. 1011. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1) Artists and sculptors depicted heroes of myths and legends in memorized positions.

2) In the mid-50s of the 20th century, the need arose to grow not only pearls in mollusks, but also the mollusks themselves.

3) None of the living creatures of the terrestrial world can compare in beauty or brightness with coral polyps.

4) The poetry of the surrounding nature and life attracted the young writer much more than the poetry of ancient monuments and ancient ruins.

5) Suddenly heavy rain poured down in streams and thunderclaps rolled out one after another.

16.

The tree branches (1) intertwining with hard, frozen ends (2) ring sadly (3) experiencing (4) the winter cold.

17. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

Writers (1) of course (2) understand well that in nature there is and (3) cannot be (4) either beautiful or ugly.

18. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

Before approaching the tree (1) in the shadow (2) of which (3) Natka was hiding (4), they apparently argued about something and walked several steps in silence.

19. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

His hand trembled (1) and (2) when Nikolai handed the horse to the horse breeder (3) he felt (4) the blood rushing to his heart.

20. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.

Near south pole An astronomer noticed a dark spot on Jupiter and initially mistook it for an unusual weather phenomenon, because storms often rage on this planet.

Read the text and complete tasks 21 – 26

(1) This is a hackneyed truth: as soon as you remember your youth, you become sad. (2) Probably because you immediately remember the friends of your youth. (3) And first of all, already dead friends.

(4) Here, near the monument to Krusenstern, I saw Slava for the last time in my life.

(5) He walked with the wind towards me, raising the collar of his overcoat and thereby once again spitting on all the rules of wearing a naval uniform. (6) There was a woolen scarf on Slavka’s neck blue color, and a naval officer has the right to wear only a black or completely white scarf. (7) Green’s “Scarlet Sails” peeked out from behind the lapel of his greatcoat. (8) And the cap, equipped with a completely unshaped “Nakhimov” visor, cut out of ebonite, sat on Slavka’s very ears.

(9) I must say that during my youthful life, the creations of Alexander Greene were made almost forbidden several times. (10) And Slava always kept loyalty to romance in his heart and knew “Scarlet Sails” by heart.

- (11) “You should at least lower your collar,” I said.

-(12) “I recently had inflammation of the middle ear, old man,” he said.

(13) We haven’t seen each other for several years. (14) I served in the North, and he served in the Baltic. (15) I sailed on rescue ships and had to be able to save submarines. (16) And he sailed on submarines.

(17) 3nice! - I said.

(18)3nice! - he said.

(19) And we went to a small diner in the basement to talk.

(20) I persuaded him to abandon the submarines. (21) You cannot live in conditions of frequent and sudden changes in air pressure if your ears hurt.

- (22) “I’ll be patient,” said Slavka. - (23) I’m already used to boats. (24) I love them.

(25) A few months later he died along with his crew.

(26) Left without a commander, he took command of the sunken submarine. (27) And he spent two days on the ground, fighting to save the ship. (28) When they ordered from above to leave the boat, he replied that they were afraid to go up: they had unformed visors on their caps, and there were a lot of bosses at the top. (29) A lot of management really gathered there. (30) And these were Slava’s last words, because he knew that no one could get out of the boat. (31) But there were people around him in the compartment, and the senior assistant commander considered it necessary to make jokes in order to support their will. (32) The storm cut off the emergency buoy through which communication was carried out, and Slava could not say anything more.

(33) When the boat was raised, the senior mate was found on the lowest step of the ladder to the exit hatch. (34) His subordinates were ahead of him. (35) He fulfilled his duty as a naval officer to the very end. (3b) Even if they managed to leave the boat, he would have been the last to leave. (37) They died from poisoning. (38) The oxygen mask from Slava’s face was torn off, he died with his face open, biting the sleeve of his padded jacket.

(According to V. Konetsky*)

* Viktor Viktorovich Konetsky (1929-2002) - prose writer, screenwriter, sea captain.

21. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.

2) The crew refused to leave the boat because many of them had unshaped visors on their caps.

3) Slava had health problems, but he did not want to leave his service on the submarine.

4) Slava was the senior assistant to the submarine commander.

5) Slava died, but his subordinates managed to leave the boat.

22. Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.

1) Sentences 5–8 include description.

2) Proposition 21 explains the content of sentence 20.

3) Sentences 25–28 include narration.

4) Proposition 32 contains the conclusion of the argument.

5) Sentences 1-3 contain a narrative.

23. Indicate the word used in a figurative meaning. Write him out.

walked (sentence 5)

looked out (sentence 7)

ship (sentence 15)

step (sentence 33)

24. Among sentences 29–35, find one that is connected to the previous one using possessive and personal pronouns. Write the number of this offer.

25. Read an excerpt from the review. It examines the linguistic features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Fill in the blanks with numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list.

“V. Konetsky begins the story about his deceased friend with a description of him appearance. Describing the “completely ununiformed” clothes of a naval officer, the author uses the lexical device - (A)_____ (“not giving a damn” in sentence 5). Using a device such as (B)_____ (in sentence 6), this description initially creates the image of an officer flouting the rules. However, the author clearly sees the main feature of the deceased friend and, naming it, uses the trope - (B)_____ (“kept loyalty to romance in his heart” in sentence 10). Through the laconic, masculinely restrained story about the death of a friend, the author’s emotions break through, as evidenced by short, abrupt sentences and the technique - (D)_____ (sentences 26-27).”

List of terms:

1) default

2) opposition

3) hyperbole

4) parcellation

5) epithets

6) colloquial word

7) expressive repetition

8) rhetorical question

9) metaphor

Write down the numbers in your answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:

26. Write an essay based on the text you read.

Formulate and comment on one of the problems posed by the author of the text (avoid excessive quoting).

Formulate the position of the author (storyteller). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain why. Justify your answer, relying primarily on reading experience, as well as knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).

The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

Answers.

1. 23

2. In this way

3. 2

4. Mosaic

5. Solid

6. 4

7. 65432

8. Regret

9. Coastal lift

10. Unlucky

11.Tell me

12.Injustice

13. Quite soon

14.13

15.23

16.123

17.12

18.14

19.1234

20. Unusual

21.134

22.123

23.Looked out

24.34

25.6294

Problem

What qualities should a military man, a good soldier, a real officer have?
The problem of fidelity to duty

A good military man, and even more so a commander, must love his job, devote himself completely to the service, remain faithful to it, and fulfill his duty until the very end. To be a military man means to be responsible for the lives of other people, so it is impossible for an employee not to love his job, treat it lightly, and not give all of himself to it.