Prezintation of the definite article with geographical names. Use of articles with geographical names

Proper names are preceded by the zero or definite article “the”. The zero article usually refers to the absence of an article, that is, the case when it is not needed before a noun. A proper name is a noun that is intended to highlight one single, specific object from among many. Examples of this type are names of people, names of companies, cities, and the like. Most proper names do not take an article before them. At the same time, there are too many different names and names with an article in front of them to talk about a strict rule. Let's go through some instances that you may encounter in your speech that pose a dilemma for you.

The definite article "the" with proper nouns

With surnames. It is customary to put the article “the” before surnames if you want to describe all family members in one word.

Example. The Blackthorns had one general feature, they were very kind. (The Blackthorns had one thing in common, they were all kind - ed.).

(Read more about the use of articles with names of people in, – ed.).

With company names. Here the norm has always been dictated by those who came up with these names. Fashion has crystallized into tradition and now the names of some well-known companies need to be preceded by an article, while others, traditionally, are not.

Example. The Boston Consulting Group, The General Insurance, The Hartford, The East India Company, The National Telephone Company.

With newspaper names. Most newspaper names are written with the definite article “the”. Not so with magazines, they are usually preceded by a zero article, with the exception of The National Geographic Magazine.

Example. The Sunday Telegraph, The Guardian, The Observer, The Times, The Daily Telegraph, The Shuttle.

(You can learn more about the rules of use and cases of using the definite article the in, - ed.).

With the names of hotels, hostels, pubs, restaurants. The article is almost always used. The exception is a few establishments whose brand was formed with the participation of the possessive case - “Martin’s”.

(Some additional examples of names of pubs and restaurants with and without articles in , - ed.).

It is not difficult to remember this, because according to the logic of English grammar, the article is needed to “define” the noun, the possessive case literally nails the noun with a hammer and nails to the other members of the sentence, and from this bell tower the article already seems redundant - the subject of speech is clearly defined. By the way, even if there is no possessive case, but the name of the brand contains the name of the creator, then the article is often also not needed. Just remember the famous McDonald's.

Example. The Trafalgar Hotel, The Mandeville Hotel, The Marylebone Hotel, The Cube, The Gay Hussar, The Jazz Café, The Mayflower Pub.

With the names of railways and highways. There are proper names in these categories in which the article is not used, especially many such bridges, however, it is often required.

Example. The Northern Pacific Railroad, The Trans-Siberian Railroads, The Liverpool and Manchester Railroad.

(You can learn more about the rules of use and cases of using the indefinite article a/an in English in, – ed.).

With the names of ships and car brands. With some names of ships and with some brands of cars it is customary to use the definite article “the”.

Example. The Golden Hind (Francis Drake's ship - ed.), The Argo, The Nissan Qashqai, The Titanic.

With city attractions. In this matter, everything is quite specific; there are objects that, by tradition, take the article “the” as themselves.

Example. The Winter Palace (Winter Palace in St. Petersburg, - ed.), The Tower of London, The Hermitage (Hermitage in St. Petersburg, - ed.), The Statue of Liberty (Statue of Liberty in New York, - ed.), The Lincoln Memorial, The Washington Monument, The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Tomb of the unknown malt - ed.).

With the names of cinemas and theaters. Sometimes, but rarely, the article "the" is necessary.

Example. The Phoenix Cinema, The Carnegie Hall, The Globe Theatre, The Bolshoi Opera House (Bolshoi Theater in Moscow - ed.).

Political parties and libraries. In English, it is necessary to write some names of parties and libraries with an article.

Example. The Democratic party, The Communist party, The Conservative party, The London Library.

The article “the” with the names of countries and regions. Historically, in English, the names of some countries and regions must be preceded by a definite article.

Example. The Congo, The Hague (The Hague, - ed.), the Brazil, the Argentina, the Philippines, The Transvaal (South Africa region, - ed.), the Crimea (Crimea, - ed.), the Caucasus (Caucasus, - ed. .), the Ukraine (Ukraine, – ed.).

With the official full names of many states. The United Kingdom, The Russian Federation, The United States of America, The Republic of Ireland, The United Arab Emirates, The Roman Empire, The Byzantine Empire.

With the names of rivers, oceans and seas.“the” is also used very often with these geographic features. But please be careful not to get confused, for example, the names of lakes almost always lack an article.

Example. The Volga, The Atlantic Ocean, The Pacific Ocean, The Danube (Danube - ed.).

You can learn more about the use of articles with names of geographical objects in, – ed.).

With common names for groups of islands - archipelagos. But not individual islands, we’ll talk about that later.

Example. The British Isles, The Hawaii, The West Indies.

With peninsulas (peninsula, – ed.). Sometimes with an article, and sometimes without an article. Some guidance may be the presence of the word "peninsula". If there is one, then “the” is often present, since we are probably talking about the official full name. As with states.

Translation. The Cola peninsula (Kola Peninsula - ed.).

With the names of capes. Everything is quite colorful, there are many capes whose names are usually preceded by an article.

Example. The Cape of Good Hope.

With the names of the bays. The situation is similar to the previous paragraph. Tradition can sometimes be very capricious and in similar cases may prescribe adding an article or using a zero. And there are no rules, you need to remember.

Example. The Gulf of California, The Gulf of Mexico.

The article “the” is usually placed before the names of straits and canals. Although there are exceptions, more often such objects are spoken of with the definite article.

Example. The Magellan Strait, The Panama Channel (Panama Canal - ed.).

With names of deserts. There are few deserts, each of them is unique, it is not surprising that in English they all have the article “the” added to their names.

Example. The Nevada desert, The desert of Kara-Kum, The Sahara Desert.

With names of mountain ranges. The situation is the same as with archipelagos and islands. If it’s an archipelago, then most likely the article is “the,” if it’s a separate island, then the zero article. One mountain is zero, a mountain range is an article.

Example. The Alps, The Pamirs.

The names of cardinal directions, underwater currents, glaciers and waterfalls are also used with the definite article.

It is worth noting that the general meaning of the article the, regardless of the rules, is to give the object exclusivity or individuality. If you've forgotten the rule, you might want to base your decision on whether "the" is appropriate as an "emphasizer." On the other hand, there is a tendency to omit the article if something is called not by its full name, but by its short equivalent: “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”, but “Britain” or “England” is the zero article (Read our separate article about the stylistic subtleties of using articles in English, – ed.).

Zero article with proper names - absence of article

We have gone through many cases where the article “the” may be necessary before proper names. Now the same must be done for the zero article.

With the names of holidays and memorable days. In most cases the article is not needed.

Example. Easter (Easter, – ed.), Halloween, New Year’s Day.

With highways, bridges and railroads. We already wrote above that many names of bridges require a zero article before them. The same applies to the names of railways and highways.

Example. Laxford Bridge, Perth Bridge, Skye Bridge, Fiddle Road.

With the names of spaceships. Thunderchild, Geronimo, Rabin (Names of spaceships from the Star Trek series - ed.), Apollo-11.

With many names of sea vessels and with many brands of cars. Yes, if at the beginning of the article we wrote about ships and cars that need the article “the” in front of them, then there are many objects of these types that don’t need any article in front of them.

Example. Albatross, Rodney (names of ships of the British fleet - ed.) Volkswagen Tuareg.

With magazines and some newspapers. Most British newspaper titles require the article "the" before their names, but there are a couple of exceptions to this rule - Daily Express, Morning Star. It is also worth saying that the zero article is “included” with most domestic newspapers when they are spoken of in English: “Izvestia”, not “The Izvestia”. Most magazines are preceded by the zero article, with the exception of the already mentioned National Geographic.

(You can get additional examples illustrating the use of articles with some names of hotels and newspapers, - ed.)

With the names of airports and train stations. The zero article is most often used before airports and train stations.

Example. Victoria Station (Victoria station in London - ed.), Sheremetyevo.

With company names. Many names of commercial organizations are preceded by the article “the”, we saw this in the previous section of the article, but a significant part of such nouns come with a zero article.

Example. Bell Labs, General Motors, General Electric.

With the names of universities, institutes, colleges. This type of proper name usually involves the absence of an article, but there are a couple of exceptions: The London School of Economics, The School of Media at the London Institute, as well as a number of others.

Example. New York University, Moscow University, Oxford University.

With the names of zoos and stadiums. With this type of proper nouns the article is not required.

Example. London Zoo, Wembley Stadium (Wembley Stadium - ed.).

With the names of churches, cathedrals and other religious institutions. It is not customary to put “the” before such nouns.

Example. St. Paul's Cathedral.

Before the names of streets, squares, parks and city districts. At this point, we have combined in one fell swoop most of the objects that can be found in the city and it is easy to remember that all such nouns are usually written and spoken without an article.

Example. Wall Street, Central Park (in New York - ed.), Trafalgar Square.

With names of cities, countries, continents. Let's leave the city into a wide open space. All these nouns also do not have an article in front of them. In the section on the article “the” with proper names, we said that it is used with countries. The watershed here follows the official name. The full and official form will have an article, and the simple and commonly used form will have a zero article. So, if the Russian Federation is -The Russian Federation, then Russia is simply, Russia, without an article.

Names of individual islands. Unlike the names of archipelagos, no article is needed.

Example. Madagascar.

With names of lakes. The names of seas, oceans and rivers require an article, but lakes have a special destiny. Most often they are preceded by a zero article.

Example. Loch Ness, Lake Baikal.

Note that some capes and bays are also written with a zero article, but there is no pattern here, tradition comes into its own and you will have to remember that there is “The Cape of Good Hope”, and there is “Cape Cod”.

Indefinite article with common nouns

So, once again, the indefinite article a/an is only used before singular countable nouns. This must be remembered.

Common nouns are nouns that denote the name (common name) of an entire class of objects and phenomena that have a certain common set of characteristics, and name objects or phenomena according to their belonging to such a class. Common nouns are signs of linguistic concepts and are contrasted with proper names. The transition of common nouns to proper names is accompanied by the loss of a linguistic concept by the name (for example, “Desna” from “gums” - “right”). Common nouns can be concrete (table), abstract or abstract (love), real or material (sugar), and collective (students).

There are several cases of using the indefinite article with common nouns. Let's look at each of them in more detail.

1. If a noun is mentioned for the first time, then after the phrase there is/was/will be, as well as after the constructions this is and have got, the indefinite article a/an is used:

There was a big garden behind the house.

I have got a car.

2. In the meaning of any, everyone, everyone:

A pupil must do homework.

A car is a comfortable means of transport.

3. When designating a profession or describing characteristic properties:

My mother is a doctor.

She is a kind person.

It's a nice film.

4. In exclamatory sentences after what, such:

What a nice day!

He is such a clever boy!

5. In meaning one:

I"ll be back in an hour.

I work eight hours a day.

6. In a number of stable expressions denoting one-time actions:

to make a mistake - make a mistake

to take a seat - sit down

to give smb a lift - throw

to go for a walk - go for a walk

to catch a cold - catch a cold

to give a look - take a look

to have a rest - to rest

Definite article with geographical names

There are several cases of using the definite article with geographical names.

The article is not used:

in the names of parts of the world and continents: Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, North (South) America

with region names: Latin America, Northern Africa, South-East Asia

in country names: Great Britain, England, Russia

in city names: London, Moscow, Paris

in the names of some lakes, if the word Lake is used: Lake Seliger, Lake Baikal

in the names of mountain peaks and some islands: Everest, Elbrus, Cyprus, Cuba

The definite article is used:

in the names of the following regions: the Far East, the Middle East, the Caucasus, the Ruhr, the Tyrol, the Arctic, the Antarctic, the Crimea, the Lake District

in the official names of countries. in the presence of the words federation, republic, union, state, kingdom: the Russian Federation, the German Republic, the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

in plural country names: the Netherlands, the Philippines

in the names of rivers, seas, oceans, straits, lakes, canals, waterfalls: the Atlantic Ocean, the Black Sea, the Thames, the English Channel, the Gulf Stream, the Suez Canal, the Niagara Falls

in the names of deserts, mountain ranges and island groups: the Sahara Desert, the Pamir, the Urals, the Hawaii, the Bermudas

Exceptions:

The definite article is used in the names of some countries: the Vatican, the United States of America, the United Kingdom, the Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Congo, the Lebanon, the Hague.

Articles with names, surnames, titles

The article is not used if:

the noun is preceded by a word denoting a person's first or last name: Tom Sawyer, Mr Brown, old John, little Tommy;

before the name there is an address, title, profession: Miss Marple, Professor Higgins, Doctor Watson, Queen Elizabeth, Prince Charles, Lord Byron, Admiral Nelson.

The article the is used if:

We're talking about all the family members: The Browns, the Smiths.

The Browns will visit us next week.

it is used to mean the same:

Is this man the Poirit?

The article a is used if:

We are talking about one of the family members:

He is a true Rockefeller.

it is used to mean some:

There is a Mr Brown waiting for you.

the name denotes a work or prize:

He has got a Renoir in his collection.

This film won an Oscar.

Use of articles with geographical names

The use of articles with geographical names is only part of the topic “Articles with proper names”. With place names we use either the definite article or no article at all. In order to clearly understand in which cases the article should be used in English and in which not, it is necessary to divide all cases into two large groups and use examples to see how to act in a given situation. I dare say that you will have to memorize the examples in order to correctly use this or that word at the right time. One small nuance - on geographical maps, names are usually given without articles.

The definite article is used with geographical names that mean:

Cardinal points:

the North

the South

the East

the West

But keep in mind that if you indicate a direction, a definite article with a geographical name is not needed.

Poles, hemispheres:

the North Pole

the South Pole

the Western Hemisphere (Western Hemisphere)

the Eastern Hemisphere (eastern hemisphere)

the Arctic (Arctic)

the Antarctic

Regions:

the Far East (Far East)

the north of Canada (north of Canada)

the Middle East

the Highlands (northwest Scotland)

the south of England (south of England)

the Crimea (Crimea)

the Caucasus (Caucasus)

Countries whose names are plural nouns:

the Philippines

the Netherlands

the Unites States of America (USA)

the Baltic States

Countries whose names contain the words kingdom (kingdom), republic (republic), union (union), federation (federation):

the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)

the Kingdom of Denmark

the United Arab Emirates

the Republic of Cuba

the German Federal Republic (German Federal Republic)

the Russian Federation (Russian Federation)

the Czech Republic

the People's Republic of China (People's Republic of China)

Oceans, straits, seas, rivers, canals / channels, waterfalls, currents:

the Atlantic Ocean

the Pacific Ocean

the Indian Ocean

the Black Sea

the Dead Sea

the Red Sea

the Thames

the Volga

the Don

the Suez Canal

the Victoria Fall

the Niagara Fall

the Strait of Magellan

the Bosporus (Bosphorus Strait)

the Bering Strait

the English Channel (English Channel)

the Panama Canal

the Strait of Dover (Strait of Dover / Pas de Calais)

the Strait of Gibraltar

the Amazon

the Nile

the Gulf Stream

the Sea of Japan

Peninsulas (peninsulas), capes (capes):

the Indochinese Peninsula (Indochina Peninsula)

the Balkan Peninsula (Balkan Peninsula)

the Iberian Peninsula (Iberian Peninsula)

the Cape of Good Hope

Cape Horn

Cape Chelyuskin (Cape Chelyuskin)

Groups of lakes:

the Great Lakes

the Seliger (Seliger)

the Great Salt Lake

But

if the word is used next to the name of the lakelakeThe definite article with a geographical name is not needed here:

Lake Baikal

Lake Ontario

Lake Geneva

Groups of islands:

the Virgin Islands

the Canaries

the British Isles

the Bahamas

the Azores (Azores)

the Falkland Islands

Chains of mountains, hills:

the Black Hills

the Apennines

the Rocky Mountains

the Andes

the Urals (Ural Mountains)

the Alps

the Himalayas

But: Capitol Hill

Plains (plains), valleys (valleys), desert (deserts):

the Great Plains (Great Plains plateau)

the Mississippi Valley

the Sahara Desert (Sahara Desert)

the Kara-Kum (Karakum desert)

the Kalahari Desert (Kalahari)

the Arabian Desert

Exceptions:

Death Valley

Silicon Valley

Bays (gulfs/bays). The definite article is used in construction with the preposition of. If it is not there, the article is not needed:

the Gulf of Mexico

the Gulf of Finland

the Gulf of Aden

the Bay of Bengal

Persian Gulf

Hudson Bay

San Francisco Bay

These are just some of the geographical names that are used with the definite article in English. And here is a small list of the same names that do not require an article.

The following are used without the article:

Names of continents:

Europe

Africa (Africa)

South America

North America

Australia

Countries whose names are singular nouns, cities (cities), sat down (villages), states (states), provinces (provinces):

Ukraine (Ukraine)

France (France)

Spain (Spain)

California

London

Beijing (Beijing)

Balabino

Florida

Quebec

Exceptions:

the Hague (The Hague)

the Vatican

the Congo

And also when using the construction “the city of”:

the City of Moscow (city of Moscow)

the City of Rome (city of Rome)

Names of individual islands, mountains, volcanoes:

Greenland (Greenland)

Cyprus (Cyprus)

Madagascar (Madagascar)

Jamaica

Vesuvius (Vesuvius)

Mount Goverla

Elbrus (Elbrus)

Kilimanjaro

Volcano Etna (volcano Etna)

Fujiyama

Please note this point: if a geographical name has an individualizing or descriptive definition, then this name will be used with a definite or indefinite article, respectively. For example:

This isn’t the Moscow I used to love. – This is not the Moscow that I once loved.

There will always be an England for me. “England will always be there for me.”

Proper names in English are a large category of words, including first names, surnames, pseudonyms, nicknames, as well as geographical names. While the former do not require much explanation and are simply used with a capital letter, the latter group has its own characteristics that are worth paying attention to. So, for example, these names may have a zero or definite article. Often, articles in English with geographical names cannot be explained logically, which means that the only way to understand how to use them is to study the rules, which is what we will do today.

To begin with, it is worth noting that all proper names that denote geographical names are called toponyms. Toponyms, in turn, are divided into subtypes in the form of names of settlements, cities, streets, and houses. However, the names of squares, monuments and other attractions do not belong to toponyms.

Of course, there is no need to memorize the names of all types, but it is worth considering each of them through the prism of the English language because each type can contain both zero and definite.

Articles in English with geographical names - types and rules of use:

Zero article

The zero article implies the absence of an article. The article is not used in toponyms:

With all continents:

Continents / Continents
Africa (Africa)	Africa is the second largest continent. (Africa is the second largest continent.)
Asia (Asia)	Japan is located in Asia. (Japan is located in Asia.)
Australia	Kangaroos live in Australia. (Kangaroos live in Australia.)
Europe	He wants to move to Europe. (He wants to move to Europe.)
North America	I came from North America. (I come from North America.)
South America	Show me South America on the map. (Show me South America on a map.)

With singular countries, states, cities, provinces, villages:

	Examples	Use
Countries	Estonia (Estonia), Kazakhstan (Kazakhstan), Mexico (Mexico), Italy (Italy)	Estonia separated from the Soviet Union in 1991. (Estonia separated from the Soviet Union in 1991.)
States / States	Texas (Texas), California (California), Alabama (Alabama), Florida (Florida)	I think that California is the best state to live in. (I think California is the best state to live in.)
Cities / Cities	Moscow (Moscow), Luxembourg (Luxembourg), Dubai (Dubai), Barcelona (Barcelona), Las Vegas (Las Vegas)	Moscow never sleeps. (Moscow never sleeps.)
Provinces / Provinces	Yunnan, Guangdong, Navarre	Navarre was a Kingdom many years ago. (Many years ago Navarre was a kingdom.)
Villages / Villages (Villages)	Aldra (Aldra), Borg (Borg), Kerala (Kerala), Goa (Goa)	Aldra is located in Norway. (Aldra is located in Norway.)

However, there are exceptions and peculiarities here. The article the is used in names:

State-city Vatican - the Vatican;
Congo – The Congo;
City of The Hague – The Hague;
If the word “city” itself appears before the name of a city, the article the is placed before it, and after it the preposition of:

And also with the names of streets, avenues, avenues and boulevards:

Article the

Now let's look at geographical names in English that require the article the:

Regions / Regions, examples:

Countries / Countries in the plural:

And also countries that have the words in their names:

Examples of use:

The article the with proper names that mean:

Using the example of rivers and deserts, it is clear that names do not always contain defining words, but even if the words “river” and “desert” are added to the examples above, the definite article will remain in its place.

It is also worth noting that if there is no preposition of before proper names that denote bays and straits, the definite article is not used.

With mountain ranges, a group of islands and lakes, the article the is also used:

Note that the definite article is used with the names of the cardinal directions, poles and hemispheres:

In English maps the definite article is often omitted to save space.

In fact, articles in English with place names are not very difficult. Yes, at first you may confuse the use of the zero and definite article, but with time and practice this problem will disappear by itself.

With other proper names

I The article is not used with names (all words with capital letters):

1) streets and squares:Broadway Broadway,Wall Street Wall Street; Trafalgar Square Trafalgar Square(in London), Red Square Red Square;

2) bridges and parks: Westminster Bridge Westminster Bridge; Hyde Park Hyde Park in London, Central Park Central Park in NYC;

3) airports, seaports, railway and metro stations: London Airport London Airport; Kennedy (Airport) Kennedy airport; London Port Port of London;"> 4) educational institutions(universities, colleges, etc.): Columbia University Columbia University,Cambridge Cambridge,Oxford Oxford;

5) magazines: Time Magazine, National Geograhic –magazines.

6) exceptions(meet. sometimes): the Arbat Arbat(in Moscow), the Garden Ring Garden Ring road(in Moscow), the Via Manzoni street Manzoni(in Milan); the Gorki Park M. Gorky Park(in Moscow), etc.

II The definite article the used with names:

1) structures and individual unique buildings: the Great Wall of China, the Ostankino Television Tower, the Kremlin, the Tower, the White House, the Winter Palace, the Royal Palace;

There are many exceptions to this rule, especially if the name of the structure or building contains a proper noun (the name of a person or the name of a locality): Westminster Abbey, Buckingham Palace, Hyde Park, London Zoo, Edinburgh Castle, etc.

2) theaters, cinemas, concert halls, orchestras, clubs: the Royal Opera House Royal Opera House, the Bolshoy Theater Grand Theatre;

3) art galleries, museums, monuments: the National Gallery National Art Gallery, the Tretyakov Gallery Tretyakov Gallery; the British Museum British museum, the Hermitage Hermitage; the Washington Monument Washington Monument , the Lincoln Memorial Lincoln Memorial;

4) hotels, restaurants: the Metropole Hotel "Metropol", the Savoy Hotel "Savoy", the Hilton Hilton Hotel, the"Astoria" hotel "Astoria";

5) ships, musical groups: the Titanic ship "Titanic", the"Queen Mary" ship "Queen Mary", the"Cutty Sark" clipper "Cutty Sark"; the Beatles The Beatles group;

6) majority newspapers: the Guardian Guardian newspaper, the Times The Times newspaper, the Washington Post "Washington Post". It is not customary to use the article with newspaper names where it is not in the original language: Izvestia newspaper "Izvestia".

7) government agencies, organizations And political parties: the Labor Party Labor Party, the United Nations Organization United Nations, the Red Cross Red Cross, the Greens "green", the Democratic Party Democratic Party.

Traditionally the article is not used with the word Parliament parliament(in England); NATO; may be omitted before the word ( The) Congress(in USA).

Hello my wonderful readers.

Eh, today we are waiting for probably the “most favorite” topic of any schoolchild - articles with geographical names in the English language. Oh, how I twisted it!

In fact, in my practice, there was probably not a single student who was crazy about these very ones. And not even because the topic is difficult, or 5th grade students - or even 6th grade students - cannot master it. And all because for Russian speakers in general, the concept that there must still be some definitions before a noun is difficult.

But today we will get rid of all your fears and close all the dark corners of your knowledge. Rules, a complete table with examples and a lot of interesting things await us.

I want to give you a simple way to remember the use of articles with place names. Just follow the examples in the table and remember. And then we’ll move on to practice - I mean and.

Rule	Example
When to use the article The:
Titles: Parts of the world: The South; The North .	Norway is located to the north of Denmark.
Rec: The Mississippi; The Nile; The Dnepr; The Don.	The Nile is the biggest river in Africa. The Volga leads to the Caspian Sea.
Moray: The Black Sea; The Red Sea; The Mediterranean Sea.	We spent our holidays on the Black Sea. The Dead Sea is a place I wish to see the most on this trip.
Groups of islands and states: The Comoro Islands; The Canaries; The USA.	Her dream was to have a wedding on the Canaries. The Philippines was the first country they visited for the vacation.
Peninsulas and capes: The Indochinese Peninsula; The Cape of Good Hope. BUT: Cape Chelyuskin.	To the north of the Cape of Good Hope is the Antarctica.
Mountain ranges: The Andes; The Urals.	The Urals divide Russia into European and Asian parts. The Cordilleras are the longest mountain chain in the world.
Deserts: The Gobi desert; The Sahara desert.	The Sahara desert is known as the biggest desert on the planet. The next one is the Gobi desert.
Oceans: The Atlantic Ocean; The Pacific Ocean; The Indian Ocean.	On her way to Australia she crossed the Pacific Ocean. The Indian Ocean attracted me most when I was making up my mind where to go.
Channels: The Panama Channel.	The Panama Channel separates South America and North America.
When NOT to use the article The:
Titles: Continents:Asia; Australia; South America; Africa.	Africa is considered to be the poorest part of the world. Have you ever thought about how people in Australia walk living on the other side of the planet? Do they walk on their heads?
Countries: Portugal; Spain; Germany. BUT: the Argentina; The Netherlands; The Hague; The Congo. If the country name contains the words Republic, Kingdom, States - The article “The” is used: The United Kingdom, The Dominican Republic, The United States.	They went on tour to Germany and then to the United Kingdom. The Russian Federation and The United States are only about 40 kilometers away.
Regions: Texas; Central Asia.	She traveled all around Central Asia. Texas is the biggest state in the USA.
Cities: London; Madrid; Saint-Petersburg; Vienna.	He was born in Moscow, but is currently living in Lisbon.
Gore: Everest, Kilimanjaro, Mont Blanc.	Thousands of people dream of climbing Everest. But not everyone can do it.
Volcanoes: Batur, Elbrus, Rainier.	We saw the sunrise on Batur Volcano.
Islands: Bali; Malta; Corsica.	My first project in this position was to organize a tour to Malta.
Ozer: Lake Baikal. BUT: with groups of lakes the article The is used: The Great Lakes; The Seliger.	Lake Ontario is the most beautiful view I’ve ever seen.

Well, my dears, have the dark corners of your knowledge become at least a little brighter? I am sure that we must secure them immediately. I suggest you take a test of your new knowledge. In the next article I will give you