Geographical location of the Eurasian continent. “Physico-geographical position of Eurasia

Eurasia is the largest continent by area. It accounts for 36% of the world's total landmass. Its territory is home to three-quarters of the planet's population and is home to 94 official states. What features does the continent have? A description of the geographical location of Eurasia, its climate, nature and other characteristics can be found in our article.

Due to its large extent and unique geographical location, Eurasia has enormous natural diversity and is a record holder in many respects. Here are just some of its features:

Most ancient civilizations developed in Eurasia; greatest discoveries and the major world religions emerged. It was from here that the first research ships sailed.
Here is the largest country in the world - Russia, whose area is 17,100,000 km².
There are many mountains on the mainland. In its Asian part there is the highest mountain system (Himalayas) and the largest system in area (Tibet). Its highest point is Chomolungma, or Everest, reaching 8848 meters.
The Arabian Peninsula in the south of the continent is the largest in the world and covers an area of 3.25 million km².
The mainland has the largest lake (Caspian Sea), the deepest freshwater lake (Baikal) and the narrowest strait (Bosphorus).

Description of the geographical location of the Eurasian continent

Eurasia occupies 54.3 million km2. The main part of the continent is located in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres of the planet. It includes two parts of the world - Europe and Asia, which are separated by a conventional border drawn along the main natural objects (Ural Mountains, Caspian Sea, Kerch Strait, etc.).

The main feature of the geographical location of Eurasia is that it is washed by all oceans: the Indian in the south, the Arctic in the north, the Atlantic in the west and the Pacific in the east. It is closest to Africa, separating from it. Mediterranean and Red Seas, Suez Canal and Strait of Gibraltar. In addition to the continental land, it also includes a huge number of islands, the total area of which exceeds 3 million km2.

From west to east, Eurasia stretches for 18 thousand km, and from north to south – for 8 thousand km. Its extreme mainland and island points:

western - Cape Roca in Portugal and the Monchique rock in the Azores;
eastern - Cape Dezhnev and Ratmanov Island in Russia;
northern - Cape Chelyuskin and Cape Fligeli in Russia;
the southern ones are Cape Piai in Malaysia and the South Island in Keeling (Cocos Islands).

Relief

The relief of the continent is uneven and is represented by both lowlands and significant elevations of the landscape. In its northern part is the East European Plain - one of the largest in the world. It extends across 12 states from the shores of the Baltic and Black Seas to the Caspian Sea and the Ural Mountains.

The topography of the continent also includes the West Siberian Plain, the Tibetan Plateau, the Turanian Lowland, the Indo-Gangetic Plain, and the Great Chinese Plain. On its territory there are high and medium mountain systems, such as: the Alps, the Caucasus, the Carpathians, the Himalayas, the Urals, the Tien Shan and others. The average elevation of Eurasia is approximately 830 meters.

Climate

Geographical position Eurasia is largely determined by its climate. On the mainland it is represented by all zones and natural zones. In the north, part of its territory is located beyond the Arctic Circle. Here is a zone of subarctic and arctic deserts, where there is snow most of the year and low temperatures.

The central regions of Eurasia are covered by a temperate zone that stretches along its entire length: from the western to the eastern coast. In the Asian part of the mainland, in the region of the Arabian Peninsula and part of Hindustan, there lies a tropical zone represented by hot and arid deserts.

To the east are the subequatorial and equatorial belts. They are characterized by heavy seasonal or year-round rainfall, frequent typhoons and hurricanes. In the European part, the tropical, subequatorial and equatorial belts are not represented. In the south there are subtropics with marine and arid climates.

Due to the geographical position of the Eurasian continent, it strongly displays the action ocean currents. Thus, the waters of the Atlantic greatly soften the conditions in the European part, making winters milder and summers cooler. In the interior of the continent, where sea winds do not reach, the climate is arid continental. In the east (especially on the coast), the climate changes twice a year, either under the influence of wet monsoons or under the influence of dry winds from the continent.

Nature of the continent

The geographical position of Eurasia is similar to that of North America. Both continents are located between the Arctic and equatorial climate zones. But thanks to the vast area of Eurasia, some natural areas are expressed much more clearly on it, and the latitudinal zonality can be traced more clearly.

Presented on the mainland a large number of natural complexes and all existing natural areas. In the north there are areas of permafrost, permanent ice and snow. Polar bears, polar hares, owls and polar foxes live here. A little lower stretch areas of tundra with swampy wastelands, lichens and mosses, and even lower begins the taiga with dense coniferous and mixed forests.

The southern and central regions of the continent are no less diverse. Depending on the specific area, they contain forests and forest-steppes, wet grassy meadows, dry steppes, lifeless deserts, evergreen jungles and mangroves.

In the northern and coastal regions of the continent there are many deep rivers, swamps and lakes. Some powerful watercourses begin in the mountains. At the same time, the territory of the Arabian Peninsula and the Thar Desert is considered the driest in Eurasia. There are no permanent rivers here, and the only salvation is underground springs and rare seasonal rains. Deserts are also present in Central Asia.

The uniqueness of Eurasia

Each continent of our planet has its own unique features and unique geographical location. Eurasia can be called special due to the fact that it is surrounded by all four oceans and is located in all climatic zones. This is the largest and longest continent on the planet from west to east - it is almost twice the size of Africa, and seven times the size of Australia. The combination of all the factors shaping Eurasia contributed to its enormous diversity and made it unique.

Eurasia- the largest of the Earth's continents, its area is $54 million km^2$, or just over a third of the total land area on the planet.

The continent is made up of two parts of the world: Europe and Asia. According to one version, the names of these parts of the world are given according to ancient Assyrian words meaning “west, sunset” and “east, sunrise”.

There is also a version that the names of the continents are associated with Greek mythology. According to legend, Europe is the daughter of the Phoenician ruler Agenor. She was kidnapped by Zeus in the guise of a bull and taken to the island of Crete, where Europe set foot on this part of the world for the first time. Asia was the name given to the province between the Aegean and Caspian seas, where the Scythian Asian tribes lived.

The border between Europe and Asia is historically conventionally drawn along the Ural mountain range (eastern slopes), the Emba river, the coast of the Caspian Sea (northwestern), the Kuma river, the Kuma-Manych depression, the river. Manych, the Black Sea (eastern and southern coasts), the Bosphorus Strait, the Sea of Marmara, the Dardanelles, the Aegean Sea, the Mediterranean Sea and the Strait of Gibraltar. There is no sharp natural boundary between parts of the world, and the land is continuous throughout the entire continent. The unity of the continent is also ensured by the consolidation of tectonic and climatic processes. The areas of Europe and Asia are correlated as $1:4$. Of the mainland's area, about $3 million km^2$ falls on the islands.

Geographical position

Continent Eurasia is located between $9$ and $169°W. d.$ mainly in the Northern Hemisphere. In the Southern Hemisphere there are some islands belonging to this continent. Extreme western and eastern point Eurasia is located in the Western Hemisphere, and the mainland is mainly located in the Eastern Hemisphere. The length of Eurasia from east to west is about $18 thousand km and about $8 thousand km from north to south. In the total area of the continent of $54 million km^2$, about $3 million km^2$ is accounted for by the islands.

Extreme points of Eurasia

The extreme continental points of Eurasia are:

Cape Chelyuskin ($77°33’N$) is the northernmost continental point, which is located on the territory of Russia;
Cape Piai ($1°16'N$) is the southernmost mainland point located in Malaysia;
Cape Roca ($9°31'W$) is the westernmost mainland point, located in Portugal;
Cape Dezhnev ($169°42’W$) is the easternmost continental point, which is also located on the territory of Russia;

The island points of the mainland are:

Cape Fligeli, ($81°52" N latitude) - the northernmost island point located in Russia;
South Island ($12°4" S$) - the southernmost point of the island, which is the territory of the Cocos Islands;
Monchique rock ($31º16" W$) - the westernmost island point located in the Azores;
Ratmanov Island ($169°0" W$) is the easternmost island point, on the territory of Russia.

Peninsulas of Eurasia

The coastline of Eurasia is highly indented, forming a large number of bays and peninsulas.

The largest peninsulas of Eurasia are:

Arabian Peninsula (area $3,250 thousand km^2$);
Indochina Peninsula ($2,410.612 thousand km^2$);
Hindustan Peninsula ($2,000 thousand km^2$);
Scandinavian Peninsula (about $800 thousand km^2$);
Iberian Peninsula ($600 thousand km^2$);
Peninsula of Asia Minor ($560 thousand km^2$);
Balkan Peninsula ($505 thousand km^2$);
Taimyr Peninsula (about $400 thousand km^2$);
Kamchatka Peninsula ($270 thousand km^2$);
Korean Peninsula ($220.8 thousand km^2$);
Malacca Peninsula ($190 thousand km^2$);
Apennine Peninsula ($149 thousand km^2$);
Yamal Peninsula ($122 thousand km^2$);
Chukotka Peninsula ($110 thousand km^2$);
Kola Peninsula (about $100 thousand km^2$);
Crimean Peninsula (Crimea Peninsula) ($27 thousand km^2$).

Eurasia is washed immediately by $4$ oceans - the Arctic in the north, the Atlantic in the west, the Indian in the south and the Pacific in the east. This also distinguishes Eurasia from other continents. The seas of the oceans washing Eurasia are deepest in the south and east of the continent.

History of the discovery and exploration of Eurasia

Eurasia is the most populated and explored of all the continents. In particular, many patterns and processes were discovered using the example of the territory of Eurasia.

On the territory of the mainland formed and developed ancient civilizations planets. Many regions (India, China, Assyria, Mesopotamia) are the cradles of knowledge of the modern world. The main directions of geographical research were formed in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.

In the Middle Ages, European travel to China, India, Siberia and Central Asia, as well as the search for sea and land routes to distant countries, significantly expanded knowledge about the geography and nature of Eurasia. In subsequent centuries, expeditions contributed to increasing knowledge about the continent.

The most famous milestones in the history of the study of Eurasia are the travels of Marco Polo, Semyon Dezhnev, Afanasy Nikitin and others. The Tibetan Plateau and other inaccessible areas of Central Asia were described in the expeditions of P. P. Semenov Tian-Shansky, N. M. Przhevalsky, V. I. Roborovsky, P.K. Kozlova. S.P. Krasheninnikov described the nature of the Kamchatka Peninsula in the 18th century. No less intensively than the distant corners of the continent, various corners of Europe were studied - the Carpathians, the Alps, the Scandinavian Mountains, the Eastern European and Central European Plains.

Note 1

Despite centuries of expedition and improved technology, many inaccessible areas, such as the interior of Tibet and Arabia, the Gundukush and Karakoram mountains, the Indochina peninsula and the islands of Indonesia, remain poorly explored.

Municipal educational institution"Secondary school No. 17

With. Twisted Beam"

“Physico-geographical position of Eurasia.

History of the study"

Prepared by a geography teacher

Municipal educational institution "Secondary school No. 17

With. Twisted Beam."

Lesson topic: Physiographic location of Eurasia. History of the study.

Lesson type: discovery of new knowledge.

Lesson objectives:

To consolidate the concept of the geographical location of the continent and the ability to write a description
geographical location. Study the outline of Eurasia, the size and history of the development of the continent. Cultivate interest in the subject.

Equipment: physical map of Eurasia. Multimedia projector, computer, interactive whiteboard, physical map of the hemispheres, geographical atlases for 7th grade, contour maps, geography textbook, worksheets for students, cards with geographical nomenclature, cards with tasks, CD - disk “Geography of continents and oceans”

Basic knowledge: determination of directions, geographic coordinates on the map; the concept of “geographical location of the continent”, a plan for characterizing the geographical location of the continent

Lesson structure

I. “Challenge” Motivation to learn new material. – 4 min.

Creating a positive attitude. Determination of correspondence: continent - object

II. Learning new material

1. Students formulate the topic of the lesson – 1 min.

3. Students formulate the main objectives of the lesson based on the worksheets.

(Appendix 1) - 2 min.

4. Organization independent work(performed in pairs or individually by choice) – 15 min.

Characteristics of the FGP of Eurasia according to the previously studied plan. (Appendix 2) Optional tasks

5. Problem situation (work in groups or individual work, optional) – 3-4 min.

6. Study of Eurasia. Computer presentation, prepared by the student. (Appendix 5) Filling out the table. – 4 min. Individual work (lecture element)

III. Fixing the material. Optional tasks. (Appendix 3) Self-monitoring of knowledge. 4-5 min.

IV SELF-ASSESSMENT result. CORRECTION. 2 minutes.

V. Reflection: EXPRESS QUESTIONNAIRE (Degree of participation) (Appendix 4) 1 min

VI. Homework: tasks to choose from. 1-2 min.

Lesson progress: I. “Challenge” Motivation for learning new material.

The teacher creates a positive attitude towards work at the beginning of the lesson.

Guys, many of you, like me, love to travel. But what kind of journey can there be in the middle? school year? And so I remembered the words of the poet A. Tvardovsky:

There are two categories of travel.

One is to set off into the distance,

The other is to sit still.

Flip back through the calendar.

I took an old calendar and on one of the pages I saw a picture of a beautiful (antique) ship running on the waves and I really wanted to go on a new journey on it

I invite you to take this journey together.

And so, from today’s lesson you will begin to discover the continent of Eurasia. You will learn about its nature, the uniqueness of the organic world, about the countries and peoples inhabiting Eurasia.

Slide 3 Let's write it down in a notebook

The topic of our lesson is “Geographical location and history of exploration of Eurasia.”

Your main task in the lesson is to develop the ability to determine the geographical location of the continent. Identify the features of the continent that make it unique and different from all other continents. You will get acquainted with the names of researchers who made a great contribution to the study of Eurasia.

Moreover, you already know how to discover continents.

What continents have you already discovered and explored?

I offer you a game: based on its characteristics, determine which continent we are talking about and show it on the map. (Presentation)

SLIDES 5-6

The equator runs almost in the middle.
It ranks second in area.
The hottest continent. (AFRICA)

SLIDES 7-8

Driest continent
The most remote continent.
The smallest in area. (AUSTRALIA)

SLIDES 9-10

3. The wettest continent.

The longest mountain range on land is located here. There are many deep rivers flowing on the mainland. (SOUTH AMERICA)

SLIDES 11-12

4. A continent covered with a layer of ice.

This continent was discovered by Lazarev and Bellingshausen. There is no state here. (ANTARCTICA)

SLIDES 13-14

This continent lies in the northern and western hemisphere. Part of this continent belonged to Russia. This is the most indented coastline. (NORTH AMERICA)

So, when going on a trip to Eurasia, let's remember the area of the mainland?

Go to the board and show all the continents and their areas.

While exploring the continents, you and I collected a PORTFOLIO (in other words, we kept a ship's diary, as is done on all ships), tell us what is IN YOUR POTFOLIO

From today's lesson we begin to collect a portfolio on EURASIA.

Eurasia is the continent on which we live. This is the greatest continent on Earth. It occupies 1/3 of the entire landmass. This is the largest and most complex continent on Earth.

The huge continent extends far beyond the Arctic Circle in the north, and reaches the equator in the south.

From west to east its length is 16 thousand km, and from north to south 8 thousand km. If we take into account the islands, then the territory of Eurasia does not reach only about 10 degrees North Pole and enters the Southern Hemisphere at 11 degrees.

Now LET'S try to determine the geographical location of the continent. You already know how to do this. Therefore, today you will work independently using cards - modules.

1.When working, you can use the text of the textbook, atlas maps, and additional sources of information.

2. Please note that on the table of EACH group there is also a ship. During the lesson you must give it a name and explain why you gave it this “Name”

3. For each student there are two applications on the table: STUDENT WORKSHEET (Appendix 1) and Plan for describing the geographical location of the continent (Appendix 2), take them and look at them carefully. Have questions?

4. For each student on the table there is a table, which we will fill out at the beginning of the lesson, a test to consolidate the knowledge acquired during the lesson, and a self-assessment questionnaire, which we will fill out at the end of the lesson.

WELL, THE WIND IS BLOWING FAIR AND IT’S TIME FOR US TO HIT THE WAY.

Students work independently using module cards. There is a collective discussion of the assigned tasks in stages. On the interactive whiteboard (on contour map Eurasia) students label the extreme points of the continent, the oceans washing the continent, and coastline objects. By physical map Eurasia shows seas, straits, islands, peninsulas, archipelagos.

(The rest of the students, together with the speakers, fill out the outline map)

SLIDE 18 Coastline

SLIDE 19 Mark the coastline on the contour map

Slide 20 position in relation to the equator, prime meridian.

Slides 21-22 extreme points

GO TO INTERACTIVE MAP

What is Eurasia?

This is Europe plus Asia.

Arose from two parts

The largest continent.

Indeed, Eurasia consists of two parts: Europe and Asia.

Europe occupies part of Eurasia west of the Ural Mountains and north of Caucasus Mountains and the Sea of Marmara.

Europe is sometimes called the "Old World". It has been inhabited and explored for a long time. The most ancient civilizations originated and developed here. However, long-term, often predatory human activity has greatly changed the pristine nature. Forests were cut down, steppes, which were the natural habitat of animals, were plowed up, many species of animals and birds were exterminated.

There are no places left in Europe where no human has set foot.

Thank you. We listen to a message about Asia.

Asia is the largest part of the world. It occupies a third of the earth's land and extends from the Arctic Ocean to the equator.

Here are the greatest mountain systems - the HIMALAYAS, Tien Shan, Greater Caucasus, Gobi Desert. Lake Baikal (the deepest in the world).

The plant and animal world of Asia amazes with its diversity and richness.

Asia is the birthplace of many plants that have become common agricultural crops. Animal world also diverse and exotic.

The border between Europe and Asia is 5,100 km long.

Remember, the conventional border is usually drawn along the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains, along the Emba River, the northern coast of the Caspian Sea and the Kuma-Manych depression. The maritime border runs along the Azov and Black Seas, as well as through the straits connecting the Black and Mediterranean Seas.

It is possible to talk about the discovery of Eurasia only conditionally - after all, it was from Europe that the discoverers of America, Australia and Antarctica set off. Not surprisingly, most of the research took place in the Asian part of the mainland. The most famous are the travels of Marco Polo, Afanasy Nikitin, and the exploration of Tian Shansky.

Pre-prepared students will tell us in more detail about these studies. Your task will be to listen carefully to your classmates, and fill out the table IN YOUR WORKSHEETS.

What is the merit in studying the Eurasian continent?

(Central Asia. Traveled about 33 thousand km. Studied the Tibetan range, the Gobi Desert, the upper reaches of the Yellow River and the Yangtze (China), described plants and animals, described a wild horse and a camel. During the trip, he plotted his route on the map, determined coordinates and altitudes, carried out meteorological observations, collected collections of rocks and plants.)

What is the merit of Semenov-Tyan-Shansky in the study of the Eurasian continent?

(He made expeditions to the Tien Shan Mountains twice. He discovered the Khan Tengri peak, proved the drainage of Lake Issyk-Kul, its tectonic origin. For his great merits, the name of the mountain system was added to the name of the scientist. A mountain range, a high peak and a glacier in Central Asia were named after him last name)

Whose name is Cape Chelyuskin named after?

(named after the participant of the Great Northern Expedition, navigator Semyon Chelyuskin,

who discovered this cape in 1741, drew a map and described it.)

Who is Cape Dezhnev named after?

(named after the Russian explorer who first passed the strait in 1648

between Asia and America.)

Who gave the name to the Chukotka Peninsula?

(named by Bering after local residents- Chukchi. Translated from Chukchi, “Chukchi” means “rich in deer.”)

History of settlement and exploration of the Eurasian continent.

Travelers

results

2. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky

Central Asia. Traveled about 33 thousand km.

Twice made expeditions to the Tien Shan Mountains.

Studied the hr. Tibet, the Gobi Desert, the upper reaches of the river. Yellow River and Yangtze (China), Described plants and animals, described a wild horse and camel. During the trip, he plotted his route on a map, determined coordinates and altitudes, carried out meteorological observations, and collected collections of rocks and plants.

He discovered the Khan Tengri peak and proved the drainage of Lake Issyk-Kul and its tectonic origin. For great services, the name of the mountain system was added to the scientist’s surname. A mountain range, a high peak and a glacier in Central Asia are named after him.

Consolidation of new material.

It's time to take stock

Slide 28 Comparative characteristics Eurasia and Australia

Slide 29-30 Test “Geographical location of Eurasia. History of the study"

Test work on sheets of paper, then checked using presentation

Now it’s time for you to announce the names of your ships and explain why you called them that.

CROSSWORD.

CONCLUSION ABOUT STUDENTS' SELF-ASSESSMENT:

WHO HAS GIVEN WHAT RATING TO THEMSELVES.

3. Conclusion.

In conclusion, let's conclude by proving the position "Eurasia is the greatest land mass"

Eurasia is the greatest

landmass

Interesting Facts:

The largest island off the coast of Eurasia is Great Britain. The largest peninsula is the Arabian. The largest sea by area is the Mediterranean. The shallowest sea is the Azov Sea. The largest bay is Bengal, the “Colored seas” are Black, Red, Yellow, White.

5. Homework slide 31

1. Collect data on natural records in Eurasia.

2. Text in the textbook - paragraph No. 59

To the next lesson as a test homework Students are offered a computer test “Geographical location of Eurasia”

IF YOU HAVE TIME LEFT, TRAVELERS VIDEO

Due to its large extent and unique geographical location, Eurasia has enormous natural diversity and is a record holder in many respects. Here are just some of its features:

Most of the ancient civilizations developed in Eurasia, where the greatest discoveries were made and the main world religions arose. It was from here that the first research ships sailed.
Here is the largest country in the world - Russia, whose area is 17,100,000 km².
There are many mountains on the mainland. In its Asian part there is the highest mountain system (Himalayas) and the largest system in area (Tibet). Its highest point is Chomolungma, or Everest, reaching 8848 meters.
The Arabian Peninsula in the south of the continent is the largest in the world and covers an area of 3.25 million km².
The mainland has the largest lake (Caspian Sea), the deepest freshwater lake (Baikal) and the narrowest strait (Bosphorus).

Description of the geographical location of the Eurasian continent

Eurasia occupies 54.3 million km 2. The main part of the continent is located in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres of the planet. It includes two parts of the world - Europe and Asia, which are separated by a conventional border drawn along the main natural objects (Ural Mountains, Caspian Sea, etc.).

From west to east, Eurasia stretches for 18 thousand km, and from north to south - for 8 thousand km. Its extreme mainland and island points:

western - Cape Roca in Portugal and the Monchique rock in the Azores;
eastern - Cape Dezhnev and Ratmanov Island in Russia;
northern - Cape Chelyuskin and Cape Fligeli in Russia;
the southern ones are Cape Piai in Malaysia and the South Island in Keeling (Cocos Islands).

Relief

Climate

The geographic location of Eurasia largely determines its climate. On the mainland it is represented by all zones and natural zones. In the north, part of its territory is located beyond the Arctic Circle. Here is a zone of subarctic and arctic deserts, where there is snow most of the year and low temperatures.

Due to the geographical position of the Eurasian continent, the action of ocean currents is strongly reflected on it. Thus, the waters of the Atlantic greatly soften the conditions in the European part, making winters milder and summers cooler. In the interior of the continent, where sea winds do not reach, the climate is arid continental. In the east (especially on the coast), the climate changes twice a year, either under the influence of wet monsoons or under the influence of dry winds from the continent.

Nature of the continent

The geographical position of Eurasia is similar to that of North America. Both continents are located between the Arctic and equatorial climate zones. But thanks to the vast area of Eurasia, some natural zones on it are much more pronounced, and latitudinal zoning can be traced more clearly.

The mainland has a large number of natural complexes and all existing natural zones. In the north there are areas of permafrost, permanent ice and snow. Polar bears, polar hares, owls and polar foxes live here. A little lower stretch areas of tundra with swampy wastelands, lichens and mosses, and even lower begins the taiga with dense coniferous and mixed forests.

The uniqueness of Eurasia

♦ Area - about 53,400,000 km2, including islands - almost 2,750,000 km2 (first place in the world).

♦ The length of the coastline is about 100 thousand km.

♦ Population - 355 billion people (72% of the world population), 3825 million people live in Asia, 724 million in Europe.

♦ Average heights - 840 m.

♦ Extreme points of the continent:

Northern - Cape Chelyuskin (77 ° 43 "N, 104 ° 18" E), Taimyr Peninsula;

South - Cape Piai (1 ° 16 "N, 103 ° 30" E), in the south of the Malacca Peninsula, Malaysia;

Western - Cape Roca (38 ° 47 "N, 9 ° 34" W), Iberian Peninsula, Portugal;

Eastern - Cape Dezhnev (66 ° 05 "N, 169 ° 40" W), Chukotka Peninsula.

♦ Maximum temperature -53.9 ° C, Tirat Tsva (Israel).

♦ Minimum temperature -= -68 ° C, Oymyakon (Russia).

♦ Maximum rainfall - 11430 mm, Cherrapunji (India).

♦ Minimal amount precipitation - 46 mm, Aden (Yemen).

Eurasia is the largest continent on Earth, which occupies more than a third of the land and is divided into two parts of the world - Europe and Asia.

The continent has a somewhat elongated shape - from north to south the greatest length is 8 thousand km, and from west to east - 16 thousand km. The narrow part of Eurasia is the western one; inside the continent is expanding, especially in the southern direction.

A large area of the mainland is located in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres, but its western and eastern outskirts are in the Western, and some of the islands are in the Southern Hemisphere.

Eurasia is the only continent washed by all four oceans - the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Arctic. The oceans and their seas extend deep into the continent and dismember its outskirts. The territory of Europe is more dissected, especially its western part, which is washed by the Atlantic Ocean. The islands of Great Britain and Ireland are located off the European coast. Between the Norwegian and Barents seas is located the largest peninsula in Europe - the Scandinavian peninsula.

The eastern shores of Eurasia are washed by Pacific Ocean. Along the Pacific coast there are elongated islands and peninsulas separating its seas from the ocean itself. The three largest peninsulas of Eurasia - Arabian, Indochina and Hindustan - are washed by the Indian Ocean.