Rules and factors determining human health. The influence of the media on people's consciousness Factors negatively affecting health how to protect yourself

Today in the post: The likelihood of psychological dangers occurring may vary depending on specific conditions.

Greetings, dear blog readers, I wish everyone mental health.

The influence of information on a person - classification

Currently, there is no sufficiently substantiated and detailed general classification of the influence of information on a person. This is due to the novelty and complexity of this problem, as well as to the fact that the classification procedure itself and the result depend on the tasks that need to be solved, and in connection with this, on the selected bases and criteria that are used in the classification.

First of all, it is necessary to highlight the following main sources influence of information on a person, which can be divided in relation to the individual into two groups: external and internal.

Sources of influence of information on a person

Common source external influence of information is that part of the information environment of society which, for various reasons, does not adequately reflect surrounding a person world. Those. information that misleads people into a world of illusions and does not allow them to adequately perceive the environment and themselves.

The information environment takes on the character of a second, subjective reality for a person. That part of it that contains information that does not adequately reflect the world, and those of its characteristics and processes that complicate or interfere with the adequacy of a person’s perception and understanding of the world around him and himself.

One of them is the objective complexity of the world itself and the process of knowing it, the mistakes and misconceptions of people who know it.

Another group of sources of influence can include the actions of those people who, in pursuit of own goals, achieve this by using various ways informational and psychological influence on others (see Psychology of influence on a person) without taking into account their interests, and often simply misleading, acting contrary to their interests and causing damage to them. This is the activity of various individuals - from political leaders, government and public figures, representatives of mass media, literature and art, to our everyday partners in interpersonal interaction.

These individuals include those who, by exerting an informational and psychological influence on others, skillfully, mixing lies with truth, increase the degree of inadequacy of the information environment of society and thereby expand the illusory subjective reality.
(manipulation or control of people)
True, this does not make it any easier for those who have already fallen into the web of his manipulations, who are experiencing their destructive and derogatory influence.

The influence of information on a person - relationships of manipulation

The very socio-political and economic situation of fundamental social changes and the transition to market relations contributes to this and strengthens this trend.

The seller seeks to sell the product to the buyer, and their interests do not always coincide, if not to say that they diverge and have only one common point of contact - the fact of selling a specific product. At the same time, the seller actively resorts to various techniques to hide the shortcomings and emphasize the real, and most often imaginary, advantages of the advertised product.
Often it hides the information the client needs, and changes some of it, thereby making it difficult to obtain adequate information about the product.
(psychology of persuasion, or everything will be my way)
The employer also resorts to psychological manipulation in order, for example, to pay the employee cheaper, etc.

Negotiators, using various methods of manipulating information, implement reflexive management technology in order to achieve their goals and achieve more favorable conditions for their side, usually at the expense of infringing on the interests of the other side. Moreover, this happens both in situations affecting the interests of an individual or several individuals, as well as interstate relations, in which, at the cost of manipulation, the interests of entire nations and even, as history shows, their very existence.

Access to large-scale use of new information technologies and control over mass communications greatly enhances the possibilities of informational and psychological influence on people by changing the information environment of society. This is most possible for a variety of social organizations - various associations of people, social groups, public, political and government structures, some social institutions of society.

In this regard, it is possible to identify three more relatively independent groups of sources of influence of information on a person.

Groups of influence of information on a person

Thus, the activities of various groups and associations of people, in particular, some political parties, socio-political movements, nationalist and religious organizations, financial, economic and commercial structures, lobbying and mafia groups, etc., can pose an informational and psychological danger to the individual.

Their activities become dangerous when, to achieve their goals, they begin to use various means of information and psychological influence, thereby changing people’s behavior in such a way that damages their interests. There are widely known examples of the activities of some religious sects of this kind, provoking national-ethnic conflicts, and unfair advertising, in particular, the sensational story with JSC MMM (which did not have problems, but these problems arose with the majority of its clients).

As another source of influence of information, under certain conditions, one can single out the state itself, public authorities and management. This is due to the actions of government leaders, ruling elite. The danger arises when, realizing their own interests, and sometimes just ambitions, they use the power of the state apparatus to exert information and psychological influence on people, masking their actions and true goals that do not correspond to the interests of the state, society and the population of the country.

The danger of the influence of information is also aggravated by the fact that the state often begins to experiment with the masses for the sake of “good, great goals” and influence their consciousness.

The main sources of influence of information on a person

The main sources of information and psychological influence on a person can be summarized as follows:
- State(including foreign), authorities and management and other government structures and institutions.
- Society(various public, economic, political and other organizations, including foreign ones).
— Various social groups(formal and informal, stable and casual, large and small at the place of residence, work, study, service, living together and spending leisure time, etc.);
— Individuals(including representatives of government and public structures, various social groups, etc.).

The main means of influencing information on a person

The following are the main means of influencing information on a person:
- mass media(including information systems, for example, the Internet, etc.);
- literature(including artistic, scientific and technical, socio-political, special, etc.);
- art(including various areas of so-called mass culture, etc.);
- education(including systems of preschool, secondary, higher and secondary specialized state and non-state education, the system of so-called alternative education, etc.);
- upbringing(all the various forms of education in the education system, public organizations- formal and informal, system of organization social work and so on.);
- personal communication.

Domestic The sources of influence of information on a person’s personality are inherent in the very biosocial nature of the human psyche, in the features of its formation and functioning, in the individual personal characteristics of the individual.

Due to these characteristics, people differ in the degree of susceptibility to various information influences, the ability to analyze and evaluate incoming information, etc.

In addition to individual characteristics, there are certain general characteristics and patterns of mental functioning that affect the degree of susceptibility to information and psychological influence and are characteristic of most people.

For example, during crisis changes in society, people’s suggestibility increases, and, accordingly, their susceptibility to informational and psychological influences increases. It also increases when a person is in large gatherings of people, in a crowd, at a rally, or a demonstration. A person experiences a kind of mental infection with a certain psycho-emotional state, which, for example, is quite clearly manifested at various entertainment events.

There are certain patterns of perception and response to little-conscious and unconscious influences, for example, to subthreshold stimuli, etc.

Psychophysiological capabilities of resisting the influence of information on a person

Knowledge of one’s individual psychological characteristics and general characteristics and patterns of functioning of the psyche becomes for a person nowadays not just an obligatory element of his general culture, but also a necessary condition for safety in social interaction, in various interpersonal communicative situations.
Paradoxical as it may seem, many people are much more eager to learn about the structure of the car and how to handle it than about their own psychological characteristics and ways to use your mental abilities.

I wish everyone psychological well-being!

FAQ:

More often modern people They call the TV a “zombie box.” Other media also have their own unflattering names. And for good reason, because the media today are a means for shaping the worldview of the masses.

Worldview helps determine the kinds of paths a person will take in the world. The formed worldview determines not only how a person will perceive the reality around him, but also the direction of his activity. In order to form a worldview, three conditions are necessary, namely:

• information,
• metaphor,
• personal experience.

In other words, a person needs to be taught the necessary information in the easiest way for him, followed by arousing in the person a desire, based on the information received, to achieve practical knowledge, that is, to gain a certain personal experience. It is the human experience personal experience (or internal experience) is the consolidation of the information received. This is an adequate sensory state based on the received information, presented with the help of certain metaphors. Personal experience is a kind of connecting material between two quantities: "true" And "lie". And here it is not important to correlate the concept of “truth” with the concept of morality “good”, and the concept of “lie” with the concept of morality “bad”. Everything is relative here. “Truth” and “falsehood” exist in the concrete world of one person. They shape the future concepts of “good” and “bad”, and it is safe to say that morality and the concepts of “truth” and “false” will differ from each other for each person.

In order for information to penetrate deeper into a person, it is necessary repetition of a feeling state, that is, the repetition of personal or internal experience. Thus, on the basis of the biochemical processes occurring in the body when experiencing certain feelings and emotions, the process of development of the vector of a person’s worldview occurs, that is, the process of directing the path of human development in the outside world.

The only thing left to do is: give the necessary information using veiled metaphors and allow a person to experience positive personal experiences in order for the person to find “true” happiness. This way you can easily and quietly write the desired life path for almost every specific person.

Mass media

Keyword in means mass media - information. The first necessary condition for the formation of the desired worldview. The media have three most important means of conveying information to the end consumer:

• written word (newspapers, magazines, etc.),
• spoken word - sound (radio),
• reproduced word (television).

That is, there is also a second condition for the formation of a person’s “necessary” ideas and principles - metaphor. Internet sources of information make these tools even more accessible and widespread. The third condition, as we found out, is personal experience. And here it seems that a person is left alone with himself, because except for him no one can experience this inner experience for him.

However, it must be remembered that the media are "fourth" estate. What is this power? It lies in the ability to control a person’s actions themselves - actions that should ultimately lead to this person experiencing the necessary internal experience. And there is no need to use any zombification techniques; it is enough to competently, methodically and gradually form the worldview of each person.

Eg, western image life says that a person must be successful, that he must be individual, that he must strive for the heights. The media are beginning to present this stereotype to us in various metaphors. We are told that first we need to get a good education, then work and gain experience, and then get a job in a good company, where you need to take a certain place, and only after achieving this can you think about a family. And almost any Western publication will answer your question about an early family as the death of your entire future. Youth is an opportunity for career growth, open relationships, and many new experiences. This is how youth is presented in the West. Thus, a person receives the information that while he is young, he must distribute his life between two “truths”: work (career) and leisure (entertainment).

A person receives this information constantly through magazines, newspapers, websites, books, movies, shows, and so on. All this leads to the fact that he begins to perform certain actions, namely: he goes to study in a good educational institution, then strives to get a job in a good company, for which he can work 20 hours a day! But a person receives the necessary personal experience, which corresponds to the expectation formed in him from the information received, and he passes on this experience from generation to generation. This is how the worldview of entire nations is formed. And so people (and not one specific person) perform a series of specific actions described above to obtain the described personal experience. Generation after generation.

What if you look deeper? Loneliness of people is
additional income for manufacturers of household appliances, furniture, cars, for landlords and so on. Roughly speaking, two people are not together, this is at least two TVs, two refrigerators, two sofas, two rooms, and so on. Late childbirth is a huge plus for private clinics (and in the West the health insurance system is private), which receive increased payments from health insurance for complex births (and what older age, the more difficult pregnancy and childbirth are).

The above example showed us how, with the help of the media, we can create the desired worldview among a large number of people. But the media can not only form a stable worldview of several generations of people, but also encourage people to take immediate actions needed by the customer.

Control your feelings!

Humans have feelings, emotions and desires. And until he can control them, puts his mind above them, another person or people can, unnoticed by him, invest everything they need. And the media will become an instrument between them.

The author did not set out to condemn Western values. Any price values ​​are the result of free choice, and millions of people invest meaning in them.

This article only says that you need to be able to choose your own path of development, form your own worldview, relying on the natural sense of “truth” and “lies”, which only an unclouded conscience generates. After all, instinctively a small child will always correctly distribute the concepts of “good” and “evil,” since his consciousness has not yet been properly processed. It is very difficult to find the correct “truth” and expose the “lies”, because even in ancient times, when people used only the spoken word, it was already difficult to distinguish “truth” from “falsehood”, but “everyone has their own truth”, and “there is always one truth” . Think, analyze, look through the lines, always checking what you are told complete strangers to you.

Anton Tensin

Any society. In a healthy society, as a rule, healthy individuals are formed. Disadvantages of education and adverse influences environment may cause personality degradation. A person with developed consciousness and self-awareness can resist the influence of external conditions, fight difficulties and remain healthy physically, mentally and socially. One of the things that unites social and mental health is the creative component of health. The presence of elements of creativity in work is considered as a source of health. The more creativity and initiative are expressed in work activity, the more personal abilities and knowledge are used, the more satisfaction it brings, the more noticeable its health-improving effect. And vice versa, the less work captivates a person with its content and method of execution, the lower the satisfaction from it, the sooner, through negative emotions, it can become a source of various diseases. Work characteristics that influence health include: creativity, learning new things, and uniqueness. Work can be a source of health improvement, as it gives a sense of belonging to society, a sense of need, value, and the opportunity to express one’s abilities and reveal one’s personality. The development of a person’s spiritual world, his creative abilities, a creative attitude towards himself, his loved ones, work, and leisure is a strategic change in lifestyle towards individual health. HEALTH CONCEPTS A concept is a set of basic ideas that make up a concept. For example, the concept of pedagogy - who to teach, what to teach and why to teach. There are several concepts of health, of which the most interesting are the concept of health balance and the adaptive concept of health. The concept of health balance was proposed by Noack (1993) to describe that dynamic balance that is maintained despite external problems (the result of environmental factors 11 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com or behavior). It has two key dimensions of health: balance and health potential. Health potential is the ability to interact with the environment to maintain or restore balance. It can mean immunological resistance to infections, physical normality, emotional stability, adequate knowledge about health, lifestyle, an effective way to cope with stress, etc. Health balance is an expression of a momentary state of equilibrium between health potential and demand. In addition, a health resource is introduced - the sum of available funds to improve health potential. Health promotion is the forces aimed at improving the balance system. However, health potential is unknown prior to external exposure. Only exposure determines the capabilities of the organism. Therefore, the adaptive concept of health is more viable. Adaptation is an integral part of adaptive reactions biological system to change the conditions of the living environment. When adapting, the system rebuilds and changes its structural connections to preserve the functions that ensure its existence as a whole in a changing environment. The ability to adapt is one of the properties and conditions for the development of a healthy person. As a universal fundamental property of living organisms, adaptation is the “whale” that, together with self-regulation, maintains constancy internal environment, communicates with the external environment. There are two types of adaptive changes: urgent and cumulative (long-term). Urgent adaptation is characterized by continuously occurring adaptive changes that are not fixed, but disappear after the impact is eliminated. The nature and intensity of urgent adaptation (reaction) exactly corresponds to the nature and strength of the external stimulus, which does not exceed the physiological capabilities of the body. 12 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com Cumulative adaptation is characterized by changes that occur in response to long-term, repeated external and internal influences. The outcomes of adaptive behavior can be presented as stages: 1. State of satisfactory adaptation; 2. State of incomplete or partial adaptation; 3. State of tension of regulatory mechanisms; 4. State of unsatisfactory adaptation; 5. State of breakdown of adaptation mechanisms. Apparently, the very concept of “adaptation” should be considered central to the problem of health. Therefore, it is no coincidence that the connection that many authors make between these two concepts. Newborns do not have strict adaptation mechanisms, so its range is quite wide, which allows it to survive within fairly significant limits of changes in living conditions. The formation of rigid adaptation mechanisms is accompanied not by a decrease, but by an increase in socio-psychological disturbing factors. Therefore, with age, the number of people with adaptation failure increases and the number of people with satisfactory adaptation to environmental conditions decreases. In addition to the age limitation of limits and the severity of adaptation, the development of maladaptive processes is influenced by two factors: the lack of training of adaptation mechanisms by natural factors and the lack of demand for adaptation reserves due to comfortable living conditions. PC. Anokhin noted that the reserves of adaptive capabilities in the body are always higher than their implementation. From these positions, health should be considered as a dynamic concept, characterized by individual, age and historical aspects. The age aspect is determined by the specific biological and biological characteristics characteristic of each stage of human age development. social adaptation . For each age stage there must be its own health criteria characteristic of this age, its morphofunctional organization and social role. In the historical aspect, the development of production and production relations, culture and religion leads to the fact that the situation itself, the place of man and his role in society changes over time. Due to the increase in the quality of life and comfort, to maintain his life, a person uses less and less of his functional reserves and more and more of the achievements of his mind, which from generation to generation leads to a decrease in the functional reserve, the adaptation reserve of the individual. PRE-ILLNESS. DISEASE. The transition from health to illness is not sudden. Between these states there are a number of transitional stages that do not cause a person to experience a pronounced decrease in social and labor activity and subjective need for medical care. A modern clinician, as a rule, records the disease or its absence. However, Galen already pointed out the existence of three states: health, a transitional state and illness. Health is a dynamic process in a person’s life. When its quantity decreases, the third level of health develops (third state, premorbid period or pre-disease) - a state in which the development of a pathological process is possible without changing the strength of the active factor due to a decrease in adaptation reserves. Pre-disease is a latent, hidden period of illness or the stage of functional readiness of the body for the development of a certain disease. “The body is healthy, but not to the limit; the body is not healthy, but no more,” this is how Avicenna spoke about this period, that is, it is not yet a disease, but it is no longer health. In a logical-dialectical consideration, the third state, in essence, contains and sustains the unity of the opposition of health and illness. Signs (indicators) of pre-illness: general malaise, loss of appetite, overeating, heartburn, constipation/diarrhea, belching, nausea, menstrual irregularities, loss of sexual desire, spasms, headaches, discomfort in the heart, muscle convulsions, fainting, increased sweating, nervous tics, twitching, tearfulness for no apparent reason, back pain, a feeling of general weakness, dizziness, anxiety, restlessness, constant feeling of fatigue, insomnia, drowsiness, chronic irritability, etc. During this period of the third state, a person has all the resources to get out of the pre-morbid phase by revising his lifestyle. If, due to human ignorance, pressure on the normative boundaries of adaptation continues to increase, then the reserve capabilities of protective systems are exhausted. When the adaptive reserves of health are depleted, a transition occurs from quantitative accumulations to a qualitative change, which is called disease. The French doctor Rene Lariche wisely noted: “An illness is a drama in two acts, the first of which is played out in the gloomy silence of the tissues, with the lights out. When pain or other discomfort occurs, it is almost always the second act.” Disease is a life disrupted in its course by damage to the structure and functions of the body under the influence of external and internal factors; the disease is characterized by decreased adaptability to the environment and limitation of the patient’s freedom of life. According to another definition, a disease is the vital activity of an organism, which is expressed in a change in function, as well as in a violation of the structure of organs and tissues and arising under the influence of stimuli from the external and internal environment of the body that are extraordinary for a given organism. If the health and illness of organisms in the animal world are exclusively biological in nature, then the health and illness of humans, in addition to the biological, also includes a social aspect. The social aspect of human health and illness is manifested in a violation of self-regulation of behavior. A disease is a manifestation process in the form of clinical (pathological) manifestations in the state of the body, which affects the socio-economic status of a person. Thus, being sick is not only unhealthy, but also economically expensive. “Illness is a life constrained in its freedom” (K. Marx). According to the duration of the disease, they are divided into acute and chronic. The first ones do not last long, while the chronic ones take a longer period of time and drag on for many months, years, decades. All diseases are also divided into infectious (contagious) and non-infectious (non-contagious). FACTORS DETERMINING HEALTH AND DISEASE There are many causes of ill health (the third state) and diseases. A person is constantly and simultaneously affected by three streams of information: sensory, perceived by the senses through the first signal system, verbal (spoken or written word), perceived through the second signal system, and structural (components of food and air), arriving through the gastrointestinal tract. -intestinal tract and respiratory system. Information can be necessary (useful), indifferent and harmful. The body, taking into account adaptation, has a certain capacity for perceiving information. The negative effects of almost complete shutdown (Pavlov's Tower of Silence), severe deficiency (state of weightlessness) or excessive exposure (death from tickling) of sensory information are known. Between these extremes there are many everyday and quite strong deviations from optimal levels of sensory information. In recent decades, the volume of physical activity of people of all ages has sharply decreased. The share of physical labor in production decreased from 90% to 10%. Physical culture and sports 16 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com are practiced by a small proportion of people, especially regularly and throughout their lives. The senses were hit by noise, vibrations and various types of radiation previously unknown in strength and diversity, not only at work, but also at home and in places of rest. At the same time, man has deprived himself of many sensations of direct communication with nature. There are a lot of conveniences that detrain the body. The flow of verbal information has increased many times over, which in itself is not indifferent to the body. Unlike our more recent ancestors, food modern man significantly less diverse in the range of natural products. The flow of structural information (including chemical contamination of the inhaled air) has undergone the greatest changes. As a result of changes in the triune flow of information, characterized by a deficiency of necessary (useful) and the impact of harmful information on the body, chronic stress occurs, a decrease in the general nonspecific resistance of the body, the development of the so-called third state (an intermediate state between health and illness). Thus, diseases arise as a result of exposure to certain factors of the external or internal environment that exceed the adaptive-compensatory capabilities of the body, and are also transmitted from a sick person, a carrier of the bacilli, or a sick animal to a healthy one. Several years ago, the World Health Organization attempted to rank all factors in order of their importance to health. As a result, more than 200 factors were identified that have the most significant impact on modern man. Among them are physical, chemical, biological, social, psychological, and genetic factors. However, the most important factors in the development of the most common diseases, which are the main cause of death of the population, are: physical inactivity (lack of movement), unhealthy diet (primarily overeating), psycho-emotional stress and bad habits (alcohol abuse, smoking, use of drugs and other 17 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com chemical substances). The unfavorable environmental situation in many countries is also the cause of many modern diseases. If the first three factors depend directly on the person himself, on his worldview, culture and behavior, then the decision environmental problems depends on the joint efforts of many countries. In 1994, the Interdepartmental Commission for the Protection of Population Health of the Security Council of the Russian Federation determined this ratio in relation to our country as follows (WHO data in brackets): Table 1. Factors influencing health Of course, for different groups of diseases this ratio of factors is different. . For example, in the occurrence of sexually transmitted diseases, a person’s lifestyle is of exceptional importance. 18 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com Table 2. Health conditioning factors Model of public health conditioning (Yu.P. Lisitsin, 1992) Currently, a distinction is made between population health (public health) and individual health (individual health - vie). PUBLIC HEALTH Public health is the overall health of people living in a given territory or the state as a whole. Public health is a characteristic of one of the most important properties and qualities of society as a social organism; component factor of gross domestic product (GDP), function and derivative of society (Yu.P. Lisitsin, 1992). Public health characterizes the vitality of society (D.D. Venediktov, 1981). In international practice, the following are traditionally used to describe public health: 1) a set of demographic indicators: fertility, mortality (general, child, perinatal, infant, age-specific), average life expectancy; 2) morbidity (general, for individual age groups, for infectious, chronic nonspecific diseases, certain types of diseases, morbidity with temporary disability, hospitalization, etc. .); 3) disability indicator (general, child, age-specific, by reason); 4) level of physical development. However, these indicators mainly reflect ill health, and health is characterized by the opposite. When developing the “health for all in the 21st century” strategy, WHO experts chose several other indicators of public health: % of GDP spent on health care; share of GDP per capita; accessibility to primary health care; provision of the population with a safe water supply; % of persons immunized against infectious diseases; nutritional status of children, in particular, % of children born with low body weight (< 2,5 кг); уровень детской смерт- ности и средней продолжительности жизни; уровень грамотно- сти взрослого населения. Поскольку общественное здоровье примыкает к поняти- ям богатство, потенциал общества, Ю.П. Лисицын (1992) пред- лагает использовать «индекс общественного здоровья» – соот- ношение факторов здорового и нездорового образа жизни. Основные показатели общественного здоровья: Показатель рождаемости: Число родившихся живыми за год х 1000; Среднегодовая численность населения Так, например, в Псковской области в 2000 году рождае- мость составила 7,9 на 1000 населения, а смертность – 14,2. Показатель смертности: Число умерших за год х 1000 Среднегодовая численность населения; Общая смертность населения в зрелом возрасте в России в конце ХХ века составляла 1560 на 100 000 (в США – 780). Смерти по причине сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в Рос- сии составляют 54%, от новообразований – 17%, от несчастных случаев – 16%, от болезней органов дыхания – 5%. 20 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

Speaking about the nutrition of an athlete, we should say about human nutrition in general and in particular.

A person can protect himself from the influence of external factors, change the conditions of his personal life, work and even profession, but he cannot escape the need for daily food consumption. In an age of rampant improvement modern technologies, the food industry is no exception. At the end of the last century, when food preparation moved from home to factory, this became especially noticeable. These processes have become increasingly subject to mechanization and deep processing. Responsibility for nutritional value and safety fell entirely on the manufacturer and is more aimed at the mass consumer; technical specifications (TU) have replaced GOSTs. Under harsh operating conditions natural resources tangible changes are taking place ecological environment, which inevitably entails deterioration of fertile soils and climatic conditions for the cultivation of food products natural origin. To this we can safely add the electromagnetic smog that is increasingly enveloping humans. However, these trends are growing. Man himself forces himself to follow the path of creating modified synthesized products, using various food additives and substitutes. Today there are a huge number of them known. The bulk of food additives are chemical compounds that are deliberately added to the food processing process. These are antihardeners and hardeners, dyes and preservatives, antioxidants and absorbents, emulsifiers and stabilizers, as well as various substances that accelerate the ripening process of the product, sugar substitutes and many others, including surfactants. As a result of the non-stop desire to improve the technological processes of processing and production of food products, the food industry is increasingly improving their purification processes, such as refining, distillation and others. Where it leads? Of course, to a deterioration in the quality of food. Thus, natural food products are displaced. Along with the narrowing of the range of natural food products, the “epidemic” of refining was growing, and flour became its first victim. As R.H. writes Hall, during the Roman civilization, mill technology reached high level, even then, the Romans produced four types of flour. The purest, from which all bran was removed, was eaten by the richest people. But the Romans understood that white flour was low nutritional and emasculated product and they called him - castratus. However, working people and gladiator fighters ate coarse wheat bread to maintain physical strength. In Rome, fine, cream-colored flour was produced in small quantities, obtained by grinding grain for a long time on a millstone along with bran. However, even before the fall of the Roman Empire, white flour was being consumed in increasing quantities, which is believed to have caused dental caries to become more common than among less civilized peoples of the time.

Modern technology sees only carbohydrates, protein and fat in grain. Most of the rest, the most valuable - vitamins, macro and microelements, etc. are artificially swept away. Bread has become a temptingly white and appetizing, but less healthy product. Thus, out of seven main products such as rye bread, wheat bread, meat, butter, milk, sugar and potatoes, which together make up 72-83% of the total calorie intake, three products - sugar, butter and wheat bread are refined. To this you can add pasta made from fine flour, as well as pasteurized milk with various preservatives. Today, in addition to the well-known role of amino acids and vitamins A, B and C, a huge number of essential factors included in the natural complex intended for human nutrition are already known, but people do not follow the path of preserving them, but continue to follow the path of replacing them with synthesized products. production. Therefore, one can imagine that the list of substances that are not received and that are important for the body is many times larger than we know, and it will inevitably grow. This is due to the fact that during refining and other types of purification, hundreds and even thousands of biologically active substances useful and necessary for humans are destroyed or go to waste. This leads to the depletion of the product, that is, a decrease in its nutritional and biological value and, ultimately, by definition, Professor I.I. Brekhman, to the loss of structural information necessary for a person. The lack of the most important information for the human body inevitably leads to a disruption of the acid-base balance and possible disruption of the functions of various systems and organs of the human body.

The current level of technology suggests that modifiers and synthesized products can simulate the necessary set of such information, but what is the impact of essentially artificial products on the human body? Will this not cause the degeneration of man as an individual and will not entail changes in man, his natural qualities of an intellectual, emotional and neuropsychic order? What are the prospects for evolutionary processes on the human path in the context of changes in the structural information of nutrition? Can be built various hypotheses and assumptions, but a worse prognosis cannot be ruled out, since nothing can completely replace natural complex necessary for human body nutrition elements included in the structure of natural products. Violation of structural information can lead to distortion of the results of its reading and cause other, undesirable changes not only in evolutionary development human, but also in the physical, which will become obvious. For example, today practice shows that the level of physical development of children and adolescents, the indicator of the condition and functionality of their cardiovascular system is extremely low. Modern children are significantly inferior in these indicators to their peers from the 70-80s of the last century. We can safely assume that this result is also a consequence of the damage caused to food products by refining and replacing many natural elements in them with artificial ones, which, unfortunately, we and the younger generation actively consume. The second reason for such a deplorable state of health of today's children and adolescents, as well as today's youth, is the extremely ineffective work on physical education in the system of preschool care and education, especially in secondary schools.

Modern science, driven by technical progress and technology, is trying to compensate for this deficiency with vitamin supplements or synthetic compounds, but this cannot in any way reproduce the entire complex of biologically active substances that nature creates. Famous Far Eastern scientist, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor I.I. Brekhman in his work “Valeology - the science of health” wrote: “We must understand that the substances of food products constitute the main part of the flow of structural information, which determines the most intimate communication of a person with the external environment, which, as it were, passes through the body, creating its internal ecology. The food flow, as complex as the world, consists of the same elements as the planet; it contains hundreds of thousands or even millions of natural substances.” Next, Brekhman cites the words of the great V.A. Engelhardt, who says that “...the basis of life is a combination of three flows: the flow of matter, the flow of energy and the flow of information. They are qualitatively deeply different, but merge into some unity higher order, which could be described as a “biotic trinity” that constitutes the dynamic basis of life.” The science of the processes and laws of transmission, distribution, processing and transformation of information is called informationology. It considers “information” and “properties”. By connecting with consumers, information “from a thing in itself” becomes “a thing for us.” People's need for information (information need) is one of the most ancient.

A person is constantly influenced by three streams of information: sensory, verbal and the main one we are considering is structural. It includes components of food and inhaled air entering through the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory system. All of them are connected at a certain chemical level, where various environmental factors acting on the organs of perception cause biological changes in the body. Environmental factors may include stress or irritants in the form of a change in habitual biorhythms, which must be taken into account when preparing athletes as well as the adaptive properties of the body, including the restructuring conditions of chronoadaptation and acclimatization. It is generally accepted that stress is a general nonspecific reaction of the body. A certain level of stress, as G. Salye believed, is necessary to ensure a normal reaction of the body - this is the so-called Eustress. Quite often the level of stressors is higher than optimal, which leads to significant, various types of disorders - distress. This can be caused by a sharp change in the quantitative and qualitative information characteristics of food products, excessive physical impact as a result of sports training, noticeable regulation of an athlete’s body weight during a reduction, as well as biological changes in the body for various reasons, including those related to adaptation. To overcome such situations, a conscious mobilization of available resources is necessary. And here it would not be amiss to cite the words of the same G. Salye: “Strive for the highest goal available to you and do not enter into a fight over trifles.”

Continuing the conversation about information flows, it should be noted that the volume of each of the three flows can be optimal, excessive or insufficient. Information can be necessary (useful) or harmful (indifferent). It should be borne in mind that the body has a limited capacity for perceiving information and limited reserves to protect it from adverse consequences, such as sudden changes in the quantity and quality of information. At the same time, the complexity and value of the information introduced into the body is important for the nutritional processes of humans and athletes in particular, including pharmacological action.

According to I.I. Brekhman, for nutrition and therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, the qualitative composition of food and its structure are important, which is not reflected by either mass or calorie content. Mass, volume and calorie content are extensive indicators; structural information is an intensive indicator. Energy and structural information are equivalent and equally necessary for the human body. In accordance with N. Bohr's principle of complementarity, these two opposites are not contradictory, but complementary. This is the philosophical unity of the opposites of the energetic-structural dualism of the body’s connections with the environment, which are the most important factor determining the health of a person as such and an athlete in particular.

When talking about the need for proper nutrition in sports practice, science uses the definition “structural information” and this is not accidental. It is supplied to the body, read from the offered set of food products and, being distributed, becomes a necessary “thing for us”.

In his early works of economic and philosophical manuscripts, K. Marx wrote: “Man lives by nature. This means that nature is his body... that nature is inextricably linked with itself, for man is a part of nature.”

Unbridled technological progress takes us further and further away from natural contacts with nature. By disrupting the ecology of the planet and penetrating more and more into its pristine regulatory mechanisms, we thereby not only disrupt the biological cycle of the nature of the earth, plants, air and water, we also manage to replace their properties. We no longer notice that we have entered the era of our own exploitation of depleted and “poor” soils. We can no longer avoid their powerful “feeding” chemical compounds to get the desired harvest. We do not notice that the food products obtained from such soils do not correspond to the natural set of structural information necessary for the human body. What do we consume today, and what will we consume in the near future? This is the main question of humanity in the very not distant future? Sports practice and especially elite sports will feel this immediately.

Unfortunately, the trend of increasing loss of natural nature has also affected Russia. Having placed the emphasis on raw materials at the head of its economy and fueling the industry of other countries, it blindly and continuously destroys nature, without caring about the future.

First lecture of the project Teach good things from the course “Information security of the individual in the conditions of aggressive mass culture” (14+). It was read at the Sober Rally in Taganrog in May 2017.

The influence of information on a person

A person in his decisions and actions always proceeds from his worldview. The way he imagines the world around him influences his behavior. If you think that the world is cruel and the people in it are evil, you will treat others accordingly and receive the same backlash. If you think that the world is an exceptionally beautiful and bright place, you will always walk around with a smile on your face until you meet someone who thinks the world is evil. Therefore, of course, we must maintain a positive attitude, but assess the situation as objectively as possible, taking into account both the positive and negative aspects. The more objective and holistic your ideas about the world around you are, the more clearly you will imagine the consequences of your actions, and accordingly, you will be able to predict the situation with a greater degree of reliability.

At the same time, we perform many actions in our lives not as a result of conscious volitional actions, but, as they say, automatically. In such cases, we are controlled by our subconscious, which relies on already formed stereotypes and behavior patterns, and we can say that at these moments we act unconsciously, without thinking, but simply working out habitual behavioral programs. But before we begin to understand where these behavioral programs come from, let's define what it means to “live consciously.”

The popular word “mindfulness” today is understood differently by many and is often vague. We offer the following image for this word: “Living consciously means striving to ensure that all your actions bring you closer to your life goals.”

Accordingly, it is possible to say that a person lives consciously only when he has formed a certain ordered list of goals and life guidelines and tries to coordinate all his actions and deeds with these goals so that they bring him closer to the realization of his plans. For example, if one of a person’s goals is to maintain and strengthen his physical and mental health, then he will never use alcohol, tobacco and other drugs. That is, in order to live consciously, you need to answer the question to yourself: “Why are you living?”, and then always remember this.

A conscious life begins with an answer to the question “why am I living?” and creating an ordered list of goals you want to achieve. If you don’t have goals, then you cannot manage yourself, which means someone else will manage you.

But let’s return to the worldview, which determines the behavior of every person.

Worldview is a set of interconnected and ordered images that reflect our ideas about the world around us. If the worldview is adequate to reality, that is, the picture formed in our head is similar to real world– then the person behaves adequately. If there is a kaleidoscope and chaos in your head, then your behavior will be in the style of “seven Fridays in a week.”

Ideas about the world around us are formed under the influence of information that comes to us from the outside. In our heads, all the information is somehow processed and stored, occupying its niche in that very ideological picture. Moreover, in order to better understand the mechanics of this process, the human psyche can be imagined as an interconnected two-level information system, consisting of consciousness and subconscious, in which the subconscious is an analogue of a powerful computer that operates with huge volumes of various data - visual images, texts, sounds, and so on. But consciousness has much lower capabilities for processing information, and it can simultaneously hold more than one a large number of objects. At the same time, consciousness serves as a kind of analogue of the information input-output interface and the operating system, which in the course of its activities relies on the results of information processing by the subconscious.

For example, a person learns to drive a car. To do this, he studies the rules for a long time traffic, masters driving - first with an instructor, then on his own, focuses on how to correctly change gears, turn, and so on, but at some point this whole process ceases to require any serious volitional efforts and largely goes into automatic mode . That is, in order to learn to drive a car, you need to load a certain amount of information related to this process into your subconscious and gain practical skills.

In a similar way, a person learns everything in this world - he perceives a large amount of information, and then uses it in practice. But the trick is that not all the information that we “download” into ourselves turns out to be reliable or useful. And many, in addition, are in the false belief that there is so-called “entertainment content”, which does not need to be assessed in terms of its usefulness or harmfulness, since its influence supposedly boils down only to giving positive emotions or helping to take a break from everyday activities . Whether this is true or not, we’ll figure it out further, and now we’ll answer the question: what external factors most strongly influence a person’s worldview, or what information channels fill it inner world and thereby teach him new behavior patterns and skills?

The main external factors influencing a person’s worldview:

• Parents/family
• School/institute/professional field
• Friends/social circle
• Media environment (media, TV, Internet...)
• Other (place of residence, lifestyle, etc.)

Each of these factors plays a huge role in a person’s life, but we will focus on the one whose importance is increasing every year and, apparently, in the 21st century - the century of information technology - will gradually take first place. We are talking about the modern media environment, which is also called “media space”. Its main components.

The main components of the modern media space:

• A television
• Cinema
• Music industry
• Computer games
• Advertising sphere
• Other (radio, glossy magazines...)
• Internet (combines all of the above)

All of the above information flows affect the lives of each of us. Even if you completely protect yourself from televisions, computers and radios, their influence will still reach you through friends, acquaintances, and work colleagues. Therefore, we must learn to interact with the surrounding media environment, understanding what impact - good or bad - it has on us, and what technologies are used. To this end, we will analyze popular media content, starting with the most significant point - “Television”.

Television as the main manipulator of public opinion

In the presented video, an experiment with a Bobo doll and small children is given as an example of the influence of television, but one must understand that television also influences adult viewers.

Experiment by psychologist Solomon Asch

In 1951, American psychologist Solomon Asch conducted a series of simple but very revealing experiments. He sat groups of 8 people in the audience and showed them 2 pictures. One line was drawn on one picture. In the second picture, three lines were drawn, differing in length. It was necessary to say which of these three lines coincides in length with the one shown on the sample. They were noticeably different.

The trick was this. In each group of 8 people, only one was actually examined. The remaining 7 were decoys. The subject was told that the purpose of the experiment was to test visual perception. Although in fact, conformism was studied, that is, a person’s tendency to agree with the opinion of the majority.

The real subject always answered last in line. That is, he previously saw and heard the answers of the other seven participants. There were 18 attempts in total. And in the first two attempts, the decoys gave the correct answers. The subject could thus make sure that his eyes were not deceiving him, and feel great.

But in subsequent attempts, the decoys deliberately gave incorrect answers in unison, claiming that two obviously different lines coincided in length. The subject heard 7 identical answers that unanimously contradicted what his own eyes saw, and then it was his turn to answer.

What did the results of the experiment show?

The results of the experiment showed that 37% of the subjects gave the same answer that the group gave! The experiment demonstrated that a huge part of people are ready not to even believe their own eyes, just to agree with the opinion of the majority. And television, in the perception of viewers, most often presents its position as the opinion of the majority, or as an expert opinion, thereby motivating the audience not to think about many issues on their own, but simply to accept the broadcast point of view.

Now let's watch a few more videos that reveal the goals that popular Russian television shows are working to achieve. The videos were made at different times and different people, so they differ noticeably in video and audio quality, but at the same time they are still united by a single analytical approach.

Unstructured management

As you probably noticed, the term “propaganda” constantly appears in all the videos. What does it actually mean, and is it appropriate to use it?

In fact, the materials of the Teach Good project always talk about unstructured management, but this is done in a language that is accessible and understandable to a wide audience, for which they use well-known vocabulary and, in particular, the term “propaganda”, which implies the management of social processes by disseminating specific information. But let's first understand how the management process can proceed.

Management can be structural, that is, it is like in the army - when there is a superior and a subordinate, and one gives orders and controls the other. An army or any other system with a similar hierarchy is the structure through which information processes flow and tasks assigned from above are solved.

But it is also possible to manage without structure - by creating such an information environment around the object that will stimulate it to act in the manner desired by the customer. The simplest example is advertising. She doesn’t directly tell anyone “go and buy such and such a thing,” she acts differently: she creates an attractive image for the product and tries to create a new need in the viewer, the answer to which will be the purchase. There is no order or structure, but a person goes and buys a product forced on him.

But not only objects, but also patterns of behavior, ideas, outlooks on life, life guidelines, and values ​​can be advertised or promoted into society using an unstructured method. So, the purposeful and systematic promotion of some ideas in an unstructured way - this, in the terminology familiar to a wide audience, is “propaganda”, which is what all the media without exception do, although many journalists do not even realize this. Therefore, in order to have a good understanding of propaganda issues, it is advisable to know the basic principles of management theory and understand how the processes of unstructured management take place in society. At the end of the course, we will recommend you a list of books that are useful to read.

You should also try to switch to using the correct terminology. In particular, the media are inherently means of forming and managing public consciousness, and, when appropriate, it is better to call them that.

"Doesn't affect me"

Many will say: “Well, I watched the episode!, I laughed at their obscene jokes, but after that I didn’t go to the tavern and didn’t cheat on my wife. It turns out that your unstructured management or propaganda in relation to me is not working?”

Firstly, the fact that you didn’t immediately go and grab a bottle doesn’t mean that the TV show didn’t influence you in any way. For example, after watching, a person at least becomes more tolerant of vice, because the natural feeling of indignation and disgust is gradually replaced by humor and the positive emotions associated with it. In addition, information poisoning occurs gradually and unnoticed. The same advertisement must be shown to a person many times before he finally makes a decision. Likewise, the effect of television in imposing behavior patterns may not appear immediately and with its own specificity characteristic of an individual, because television always works with a mass audience. He is not interested in you personally, he is interested in the impact on society as a whole.

With the help of critical thinking, you can block the identified destructive programs that they are trying to impose on you, and protect yourself from frankly degrading content. But in order for your filters of critical perception to be constantly active, you need to remember very well that no information passes without a trace and always affects a person in some way. The next time you hear from TV channel employees that their main task is to entertain viewers, then rest assured that under the guise of entertainment these people are simply hiding their destructive goals

We must always remember that no information passes without a trace and always influences a person in some way.

Information = food

To better understand this, the process of watching a movie, TV series, program or any other media product can be compared to the process of eating food. No one doubts that food is one of the main factors influencing human health. This effect does not appear immediately - you will not die from one hamburger and will not even notice the harmful effects, but once you introduce fast food into your regular diet, diseases will not keep you waiting.

An absolutely similar principle of influence applies to the information that a person consumes. If food affects physical health, then information directly affects his mental and spiritual state.

All products of the Russian TV channel TNT, and many other entertainment TV channels, are poisoned food, these are the same hamburgers that destroy you spiritually, gradually turning you into subhumans, and in the case of young people and children, initially blocking their opportunity to become full-fledged people. An abundance of vulgarity, perversion, flat humor, cynicism and stupidity are analogues of taste enhancers that are used in the food industry. It seems to society that it is only being entertained, while in fact it is being programmed. Let's watch another video on this topic.

In the same way that television promotes alcohol, other harmful behaviors are similarly promoted.

Distorted stereotypes of behavior formed by modern television:

• Being vulgar, cheeky, ready for life on display is the norm.
• A selfish, “major” lifestyle is the norm.
• Commercialism and obsession with money are the norm.
• The image of a stupid/fatal, accessible woman is the norm.
• The image of a reveler seeking a volatile relationship is the norm.
• Propaganda of vulgarity, shamelessness, and perversion is the norm.
• Promotion of alcohol and tobacco is the norm.

It would seem that if TV is so bad, stop watching it, and that’s all “personal information security” for you. But it's not that simple. After all, television poison in itself is very attractive. A kind of free cheese in a mousetrap. And other areas of modern mass culture, for the most part, do not bring anything good.

Therefore, the point is not to remove the TV box from home and start consuming similar content from the Internet, but to, firstly, learn to distinguish good from bad, and for this you need to know about the impact of information on a person and be able to identify real the goals that such media content works to achieve, and secondly, you need to want to remove the bad.

It’s like giving up alcohol and tobacco - it seems like there’s nothing complicated, you just stopped buying them and poisoning yourself with poisons, no one forces you, but, as practice shows, it’s not at all easy to “want” this very thing. The problem is that in the head there are already a large number of perception models and behavioral programs formed since childhood through the same TV, and their revision requires time and work on oneself. It is necessary to gradually review and re-evaluate many pieces of information that seem so familiar to you that you perceive them as something close and dear, but at the same time you have never really thought about their impact on your life.

To ensure that you stop wasting your time on all harmful media content, clear your worldview of information garbage and move on to conscious life, we will strive, analyzing in detail in other lectures what modern popular TV series, films, cartoons, musical groups and much more teach.