A detailed analysis of Pushkin’s story “The Young Lady-Peasant. A.S

A. S. Pushkin’s story “The Peasant Young Lady” in literary criticism is most often considered as a work of parody and many plot lines are found in it that parody literary masterpieces, for example, “Romeo and Juliet” by W. Shakespeare, “Poor Liza” by I. Karamzin and other.

But for some reason I never wanted to look at this story as a parody of anything. This is impossible in grades 5-6, since children do not yet know either Shakespeare or Karamzin. Reading a parody requires erudition and considerable reading experience.

We must also understand what the parodist wanted to convey to the reader, keep in mind that parody can not only be a means of criticism, but also give a positive aesthetic assessment, for example, of style.

Such a parody makes you smile because the reader experiences the joy of recognition. Perhaps in high school you can compare Pushkin’s story with “Romeo and Juliet” and “Poor Liza” and it will turn out interesting research, but for sixth graders we need something different, more accessible and understandable to them. It is this “something different” that I will try to show in my material.

“The Peasant Young Lady” is a very kind and optimistic story. I think it is no coincidence that it is she who completes the cycle of “Belkin’s Stories”, which make us sad, worry, reflect on the questions of existence and understand mother: no matter what happens in life, no matter what turns fate takes, our main support always remains love, home , family …

Let modern teenagers see and read it this way, to whom they are trying to instill the idea of the fragility of human connections and marriages, let them experience and rejoice along with Pushkin’s heroes, appreciate their love of life, let them finally plunge into the atmosphere of the “beautiful far away” where it was a place for modesty and youthful enthusiasm...

Students read the story independently, and we begin the lesson dedicated to it by asking them to name the associations that the word masquerade evokes in them.

The guys remember masks, carnival costumes, fun, recognizing and not recognizing acquaintances, high spirits. Let's clarify the meaning of this word.

A masquerade is any phenomenon in which a change takes place appearance for the purpose of decoration, surprise, deception, etc. Starting from the 18th century in Russia, any event in which participants acted in special costumes or masks began to be called a masquerade.

Now think about why, before starting a conversation about Pushkin’s story “The Peasant Young Lady,” I asked you about the masquerade.

Let us pay attention to the epigraph of the story: “You, Darling, are good in all your outfits” (along the way, let’s give the concept of an epigraph: a quote placed at the head of an essay or part of it in order to indicate its spirit, its meaning, the author’s attitude towards it, etc. ). Who does he refer to?

Of course, it was not by chance that we remembered the masquerade. After all, the main character of the story appears before us more than once in different costumes, and the epigraph, of course, refers to her. Her outfits correspond to the role that she has chosen for herself on each occasion.

Remember what roles Lisa Muromskaya played. (A peasant woman and a cutesy, that is, sweetly refined, mannered, young lady devoid of simplicity.)

Let's look at her in these two roles. (Two small fragments from the film of the same name by Alexei Sakharov are shown - the meeting of Lisa and Alexei in the forest and Berestova at dinner with the Muromskys.)

Was Lisa successful in these roles? Why? In which role did you like her best? Did she always follow it exactly? Did you like how actress Elena Korikova played the role of Lisa?

Children really like Liza Muromskaya in Elena Korikova’s interpretation. In fact, she wonderfully conveys the lively and mischievous character of Pushkin’s heroine. In her performance, Lisa is convincing in any guise and costume. The heroine successfully coped with both chosen roles, as she liked them.

The role of a peasant woman - because it allowed the girl to be natural and not constrain herself in communication with a young man by secular conventions; the role of the young lady - because she wanted to fool Alexei.

Of course, the role of a cutesy young lady was simpler: after all, Liza was well aware of all the manners of the girls in her circle, so the whole masquerade went off without a hitch. But she almost stepped out of the role of a peasant woman during their first acquaintance when Alexey wanted to kiss her: “Liza jumped away from him and suddenly assumed such a stern and cold look that although it made Alexey laugh, it kept him from further attempts .

“If you want us to be friends going forward,” she said, “then don’t forget yourself.” - “Who taught you this wisdom? - Alexey asked, laughing with importance. “Isn’t Nastenka, my friend, your young lady’s girlfriend?” This is how enlightenment spreads!”

The act of young Berestov was so unexpected for Lisa (she did not imagine that he would behave with her as he does with all peasant girls) that she almost gave herself away with behavior and words that peasant women do not speak... Why does a girl dress up... change your appearance?

At first she really wanted to see Alexei Berestov, about whom all the surrounding young ladies were talking, but she could not see him, since their parents did not maintain a relationship because of their dislike for each other; So Lisa had to resort to a masquerade. And when unexpectedly the parents made peace and Muromsky invited the Berestovs to visit, the girl urgently had to come up with something to remain unrecognized.

In which role do you think it was better, more pleasant and easier for her? Why?

It was better, more pleasant and easier for her in the role of Akulina, because she could behave naturally. And although Lisa had to remember the peasant dialect and manners, it was still easier than putting on the appearance of a strict and educated young lady and talking about what was customary to talk about among the nobility and that she, apparently, was bored...

What was Lisa herself like? How does the narrator describe her?

Before introducing us to her, he gives general characteristics district young ladies. Find her. “Those of my readers who have not lived in villages cannot imagine what a charm these county young ladies are!

Brought up in the clean air, in the shade of their garden apple trees, they draw knowledge of light and life from books. Solitude, freedom and reading early develop in them feelings and passions unknown to our absent-minded beauties. For a young lady, the ringing of a bell is already an adventure, a trip to a nearby city is considered an era in life, and a visit to a guest leaves a long, sometimes eternal memory.

Of course, everyone is free to laugh at some of their oddities, but the jokes of a superficial observer cannot destroy their essential merits, of which the main thing is: character traits, originality, without which, according to Jean-Paul, human greatness does not exist. In the capitals, women get maybe better education; but the skill of light soon softens the character and makes souls as monotonous as hats.”

He smiles when he says that young ladies “get their knowledge of the world and life from books”, that for them the ringing of a bell or a trip to the city is “already an adventure” or “an era in life”, but at the same time he admires the purity and the strength of their feelings, originality.

In the capitals, all young ladies are similar to each other, like “headdresses,” but in the provinces, each one is individual. Can this be said about Liza Muromskaya?

Certainly! “She was seventeen years old. Black eyes enlivened her dark and very pleasant face. She was the only child and therefore a spoiled one. Her playfulness and minute-by-minute pranks delighted her father and drove her Madame Miss Jackson into despair...” She is friends with Nastya, with whom she discusses and implements all her “undertakings.”

That is, she is very lively, emotional, mischievous. And her ideas for dressing up are witty and original.

Who else plays different roles in the story? Which?

Alexey Berestov also appears before us in different roles. He plays the role of someone who is disillusioned with life. young man: “He was the first to appear before them (the young ladies) gloomy and disappointed, the first to tell them about lost joys and about his faded youth; Moreover, he wore a black ring with the image of a death’s head.” Then he tries to play the role of the young master’s valet in front of Akulina.

Why does he play these roles? (He wants girls to like him.) Which role is he better at? (Disappointed: “All this was extremely new in that province. The young ladies went crazy about it.”)

But what is he really like? Find out what the narrator says about him.

“He was brought up at the *** university and intended to join military service, but the father did not agree to that. The young man felt completely incapable of civil service... Alexey was truly a great guy. It would really be a pity if his slender figure was never pulled together by a military uniform and if, instead of showing off on a horse, he spent his youth bent over office papers.

Watching how he always galloped first when hunting, without making out the way, the neighbors agreed that he would never make a good chief.” (The chief is the official who headed the so-called table; the lowest position of central and local government agencies.)

The writer makes fun of his hero, his desire to be liked, to wear a beautiful military uniform. Of course, such a fine fellow is not interested in being an official and sitting in an office all day doing paperwork. This first characteristic is complemented by Nastya, who happened to meet the young master.

According to Nastya, Alexey is a “mad” gentleman... wonderful: so kind, so cheerful. One thing is bad: he likes to chase girls too much.” That is, Alexey has no trace of disappointment in life, the hero is full of vital energy, and disappointment is just a mask for young ladies to arouse their interest.

Further, the narrator adds the following lines to his description: “Alexei, despite the fatal ring, the mysterious correspondence and gloomy disappointment, was a kind and ardent fellow and had a pure heart, capable of feeling the pleasures of innocence.”

Is there irony in them? (irony is the use of words in a negative sense, directly opposite to the literal one, hidden mockery).

Here is a direct assessment of the hero - a kind fellow, had a pure heart. The author is ironic only when he shows Alexei in relationships with young ladies who were eyeing him. The mask of disappointment did its job. But was he successful in the role of valet? Why?

Lisa-Akulina immediately exposed him: “But Lisa looked at him and laughed. And you’re lying,” she said, “you’re not attacking a fool.” I see that you are a master yourself.” - “Why do you think so?” - “Yes, on everything.” - “However?” - “How can you not recognize the master and servant? And you’re not dressed like that, and you’re talking differently, and you’re calling the dog in a way that’s not ours.”

Let's pay attention to how well Lisa speaks simple folk speech (baish, call, you're not fooling me).

Where did she get this from?

Lisa communicates with the maid as if she were a friend. They discuss the events of their lives, trust each other with their secrets; Lisa adopts Nastya’s manners and knows the language of the people well. That’s why the role of a peasant woman is so easy for her.

Is there anything in common between Lisa and Alexey?

Yes, they are both open, kind, lively, cheerful, they both love different things. Both made a strong impression on each other: “Alexey was delighted, all day he thought about his new acquaintance; at night and in his dreams the image of a dark-skinned beauty haunted his imagination.” Lisa “in her mind repeated all the circumstances of the morning meeting, the entire conversation between Akulina and the young hunter.”

“Not even two months had passed, and my Alexey was already madly in love, and Liza was no more indifferent, although more silent than him. Both of them were happy in the present and thought little about the future.”

So, the heroes resort to masks to find an outlet for their young energy: one wants to be liked, the other wants to first just see the one about whom they talk so much and whom she cannot see otherwise, since their parents are at enmity.

What are their parents—fathers, middle-aged, respectable people—like?

Let's take a closer look at them: aren't they also participants in the masquerade?

Let's re-read the characteristics that the narrator gives them. With what intonation does he describe them?

In the story about both heroes, irony is clearly felt: Ivan Petrovich Berestov, increasing his income, considered “himself the smartest person in the whole area, in
and the neighbors who came to visit him with their families and dogs did not reproach him.” But this “smartest man” “didn’t read anything except the Senate Gazette.”

Grigory Ivanovich Muromsky “was a real Russian gentleman,” but on his estate he arranged everything in the English way: “He planted an English garden, on which he spent almost all his other income. His grooms were dressed as English jockeys. His daughter had an English madam. He cultivated his fields English method … »

“Grigory Ivanovich’s income did not increase; Even in the village he found a way to enter into new debts; with all that, he was considered a man not stupid ... "His occupations, narrator
calls it mischief.

What synonym could be chosen for this word? (Fun.) And Muromsky considers himself an “educated European”, and therefore he is an Anglomaniac.

What does Grigory Ivanovich like about this project? (Innovations, and for himself the role of a reformer, a European.)

Alexei’s father, on the contrary, was an opponent of all innovations (“hatred of innovations was distinguishing feature his character") and considered himself "the smartest
human."

He could not speak indifferently about his neighbor's Anglomania and constantly found opportunities to criticize him. Did he show the guest his possessions in response to praise for his economic management: “Yes, sir! - he said with a sly grin, - I have something different from my neighbor Grigory.

Ivanovich. Where can we go broke in English! If only we were at least full in Russian.” These and similar jokes, due to the diligence of the neighbors, were brought to the attention of Grigory Ivanovich with additions and explanations.

The Angloman endured criticism as impatiently as our journalists. He was furious and called his Zoilus a bear and a provincial” (Zoilus - Greek orator, critic of the 4th-3rd centuries BC).

Is this a serious reason for hostility and mutual hostility?

Of course not, he’s even downright funny: everyone has the right to their own tastes and hobbies. And therefore, both in the description of Muromsky’s Anglomania and in Berestov’s active rejection of it, the author’s irony is felt.

Chance (or fate?) brought two enemies together in a field they were leaving (a hunting field) and gave them the opportunity to play their favorite roles: Muromsky - an educated European (“If Grigory Ivanovich could have foreseen this meeting, then, of course, he would have found himself in distance of a pistol shot")

There was nothing to do. Muromsky, like an educated European, rode up to his opponent and greeted him politely"): Berestov - the role of the winner and savior ("Berestov returned home with glory, having hunted a hare and leading his enemy wounded and almost a prisoner of war").

And their enmity, “ancient and deeply rooted, seemed ready to cease from the timidity of the short filly.”

What does this phrase sound like? Why does the feud end so easily?

the phrase sounds ironic: the enmity is called “ancient and deeply rooted,” but it is so absurd and far-fetched that it easily stops “from the timidity of a short filly.”

How did neighbors Berestov and Muromsky see each other? A movie episode will help us answer this question. (The episode “Muromsky Visiting the Berestovs” is shown)

Although the dialogue of the characters was brought into the film by the directors, it is so Russian and consonant with Pushkin’s prose that it does not cause rejection, but, on the contrary, helps the audience understand that in front of them are two real masters, different in character, but somewhat similar: both speak Russian hospitable, broad by nature, know how to be grateful, both love their children and wish them happiness, etc.

The parents of the young heroes reconciled and became such good friends that they decided to marry their children. "Hooray!" - we, the readers, say. We are glad that everything is moving towards a happy ending. Now how can the young heroes of the story get out of this situation? After all, Alexey has no idea that Akulina is Lisa...

By the way, why? Why doesn’t he even recognize Liza as Akulina at the Muromskys’ dinner, and when Liza later, in the guise of a peasant woman, directly asks him if she looks like a young lady, she is indignant: “What nonsense! She’s a freak in front of you!”

He is so in love with Akulina that he sees no one but her. Although no, youth remains youth. Let us pay attention to how he prepares for the meeting with Liza of Muromskaya: “Alexey was thinking about what role he should play in the presence of Liza. He decided that cold absent-mindedness was, in any case, the most decent thing and, as a result, got ready. The door opened, he turned his head with such indifference, with such proud negligence that the heart of the most inveterate coquette would certainly shudder.”

The young lady struck him and aroused rejection with her appearance; he “with annoyance” came up to kiss her hand, but “when he touched her little white fingers, it seemed to him that they were trembling.

Meanwhile, he managed to notice a leg, deliberately exposed and shod with all kinds of coquetry. This reconciled him somewhat with the rest of her outfit.” That is, despite the fact that his heart is occupied by a peasant woman, he notices something in another girl... However, this does not change things.

Yes, Alexey will difficult choice: his father promised to deprive him of his inheritance if he does not fulfill his parents’ will and marry Lisa. “Alexey knew that if his father took something into his head, then... you couldn’t knock it out of him even with a nail; but Alexey was like a priest, and it was just as difficult to argue with him. He went to his room and began to think about the limits of his parents’ power, about Lizaveta Grigorievna, about his father’s solemn promise to make him a beggar, and finally about Akulin.

For the first time he saw clearly that he was passionately in love with her; The romantic idea of marrying a peasant woman and living by his own labors came into his head, and the more he thought about this decisive action, the more prudence he found in it.”

How does Alexey appear to us in this decision?

He is a determined, brave and courageous person who is ready to sacrifice material wealth and position in society for the sake of love.

What's it like for Lisa? Try to imagine how she feels when she learns about Berestov Sr.’s intentions.

She is embarrassed and ashamed. How will she explain her idea of dressing up? She will have to admit that she wanted to see Alexei, to get to know him, that she deceived and fooled him. Very frivolous and indecent behavior for a young lady of that time... It doesn’t occur to her that for loving person all these are little things and cute pranks...

Thank God, everything was resolved safely. “You, Darling, look good in all your outfits!” - we remember the epigraph of the story. Who could say such words? Alexey in love, for whom fate has prepared such a wonderful gift.

Who else could say that?

These are the words of the author-narrator, who admires his charming, cheerful heroine... They could also be said by Lisa’s father, who always admired her. Do you think the story would have ended so happily and joyfully if Akulina had actually been a peasant?

Probably, its ending would have been dramatic: with his bold act (marriage to a peasant woman), Alexei would have challenged society, become the subject of gossip, and perhaps would have lost his usual communication with people in his circle. In addition, he would have to look for ways to live: after all, his father refused him an inheritance.

Many trials would fall on the lot of young people, and they would have to prove through action their right to love without social boundaries. But that would be a different story... Pushkin left us as witnesses to a happy ending, which gives us hope and faith in happiness and love.

The story of Alexei Berestov's marriage to Lisa Muromskaya was so unusual that it was probably preserved by them and their children and grandchildren as a favorite family legend.

Try to imagine how Alexey and Lisa would tell this story many years later to their children or grandchildren. Or maybe their grandchildren - to their children... Try to tell it in such a way that they listen to it with bated breath, empathize with the characters, rejoice and laugh with them. And when the story ends, you would think: “Will we have something like this?
Love?"

5 / 5. 1

Lesson topic: A.S. Pushkin “The young lady is a peasant woman.” (2 hours)

1.Introduce students to the work of A.S. Pushkin's "The Young Lady - a Peasant Woman", its plot and characters. Identify the role of antithesis in the story.

2.Develop the ability to analyze literary text.

3. To cultivate an emotional perception of a literary text, attention to the literary word; cultivate respect for human feelings.

Equipment: texts of the story “The Young Lady - Peasant Woman”, pencils, paper.

Methodological techniques: student message; teacher's story with elements of conversation; vocabulary work; commented reading; drawing up character masks; comparative analysis of characters.

During the classes

Teacher's word

Guys, today we are starting to get acquainted with a series of stories called “Belkin’s Tales”. They were written in Boldino in the fall of 1830. ( Student's message about the role of Boldino autumn in the life of A.S. Pushkin.)

In today's lesson we are working on Pushkin's story “The Young Lady-Peasant Woman”.

Conversation

"The young lady - peasant woman" is parody on romantic and sentimental works of the time. ( Vocabulary work– what is a parody?) This means that we will be reading a not entirely serious work by Pushkin. Nevertheless, in it Pushkin talks about very serious problems, but with humor.

At home you read the story. When you started reading, you probably noticed its title and epigraph. How can you explain the title? What is the lexical meaning of words young lady And peasant woman? (A young lady is a girl from the upper class; a peasant woman is from the lower class.)

— What does combining these words give? ( Combining opposing concepts, Pushkin intrigues the reader with the title of the work. Receptionantitheses Pushkin uses throughout the entire work.)

- Explain the meaning of the epigraph. ( The epigraph is taken from I. Bogdanovich’s poem “Darling” and is, as it were, a moral characteristic of the heroine, who is “good” in both noble and peasant guise.)

CONCLUSION: Judging by the title and epigraph, the main character there will be a girl shown in a contradictory situation and retaining high moral qualities in it.

Discussion of the characters in the story (comparative analysis)

Let's start analyzing the characters in the story with older generation(differences):

Ivan Petrovich Berestov

Grigory Ivanovich Muromsky

1. Conducts farming in the Russian manner:

“On weekdays he went to plush (dictionary slave.) jacket, worn on holidays frock coat (dictionary slave.) from homemade cloth; I wrote down the expenses myself and read nothing except the Senate Gazette.

2. Of the people who condemned G.I. Muromsky, “Berestov responded most severely. Hatred of innovation was a distinctive feature of his character."

Anglomaniac:

“...he planted an English garden...His grooms were dressed as English jockeys. His daughter had an English madam. He cultivated the fields according to the English method...” ( Unlike the geometrically correct French garden, the English one is like a natural forest.)

2. Grigory Ivanovich “was considered a not stupid person, for he was the first of the landowners of his province to think of mortgaging his estate into the Trustee Council: a move that seemed extremely complex and bold at that time.”

The Angloman "made criticism as impatiently as our journalists."

Let us note the irony of Pushkin in describing the relationship between Berestov, the elder, and Muromsky. In their depiction, Pushkin uses the technique of antithesis.

However, despite their differences, they have a lot in common:

Thanks to the commonality of life, Berestov Sr. and Muromsky were able to eventually find mutual language and make peace.

Younger generation

Alexey Berestov

Lisa (Betsy) – Akulina ( The name of the heroine was not chosen by chance: everyone knows “Poor Liza” by Karamzin, it is no coincidence that the heroine reads “Natalia, the Boyar’s Daughter” by Karamzin).

1Characteristics, portrait:

“He was brought up at the *** university and intended to join the military service, but his father did not agree to this... They were not inferior to each other, and young Alexei began to live for the time being as a master, letting his mustache grow just in case (a military attribute).

He was, “really, a great fellow... The young ladies looked at him, and others looked at him; but Alexey did little with them, and they believed that the reason for his insensitivity was a love affair.”

“It’s easy to imagine what impression Alexey must have made in the circle of...young ladies. He was the first to appear before them, gloomy and disappointed, the first to tell them about lost joys and about his faded youth; Moreover, he wore a black ring with the image of a death's head. All this was extremely new in that province. The young ladies went crazy for him.

1.Characteristics, portrait:

“She was seventeen years old. Black eyes enlivened a dark and very pleasant face. She was the only one and, therefore, a spoiled child. Her playfulness and minute-by-minute pranks delighted her father and drove her Madame Miss Jackson into despair..."

“Nastya followed Liza, she was older, but just as flighty as her young lady.”

—Why did Lisa decide to dress up as a peasant; couldn’t she have charmed Alexei in her true guise?

Alexei wears the mask of a suffering lover, cold towards all young ladies, because it is fashionable in society, but with simple peasant women he is cheerful, sweet, and plays burners. With them you don’t need to wear a mask, you can be yourself. This is how Alexey is more interesting to Lisa.

— Why did Alexey and Lisa fall in love with each other?

“...Alexey, despite the fatal ring, the mysterious correspondence and the gloomy disappointment, was a kind and ardent fellow and had a pure heart, capable of feeling the pleasures of innocence.” He was going to marry a simple peasant woman, disobeying the will of his parent.

Lisa was too unusual for a simple peasant woman: self-esteem (even self-love), extraordinary intelligence, ease of communication and at the same time inaccessibility and adherence to principles.

“His relations with Akulina had for him the charm of novelty, ... although the instructions strange peasant women seemed burdensome to him.”

All this speaks of Alexey’s high spiritual qualities

The originality of Lisa-Akulina aroused strong feelings.

Group work

Students draw masks of the characters in the story and describe them verbally.

Berestov is the eldest bear (Muromsky called him “... a bear and a provincial”).

Muromsky is a dandy - an Englishman (English manner of speech, monocle on his eye).

Alexey is the mask of a suffering lover (reminiscent of Pierrot’s mask) and a “good master.”

Lisa - two masks: a funny painted French woman and a peasant woman Akulina.

The heroes of the story hide their true faces, their real spiritual qualities under masks. However, some masks, on the contrary, emphasize the beauty of the characters’ souls.

Working on the composition and plot of the story

— How did the last explanation of Alexey and Lisa happen? ( By chance, Alexey wanted to explain himself to Lisa, talk about his love for Akulina, and found Lisa in her true guise.)

—What is the general role of chance in the story? Let's list the accidents that move the story. Are they really that random? Let's look at the composition. Let us recall how the composition is built:

On the desk:

Exposition – plot – climax – denouement – and – epilogue (optional).

E.: A story about the heroes of the older generation, characteristics of the younger generation.

Z.: Nastya, Lisa’s maid meets A. Berestov and tells Lisa about it. Nastya's chance acquaintance with A. Berestov entails Lisa's well-planned "accidental" acquaintance with Alexey.

TO.: A chance meeting with Lisa – Akulina in her house. The climax is preceded by another accident: Muromsky’s fall from his horse and his rescue by Berestov, the elder.

R.: Absent: “The reader will spare me the unnecessary obligation to describe the denouement...”

Are the accidents in the story so random? Ponder this question Houses.

Homework

Essay – miniature “The role of chance in the story by A.S. Pushkin's "The Young Lady - Peasant".

Methodological topic: Using visual aids in Russian lessons
Lesson topic: A.S. Pushkin “The Young Lady - Peasant Woman”
Goals:
1.Introduce students to the work of A.S. Pushkin's "The Young Lady - a Peasant Woman", its plot and characters. Identify the role of antithesis in the story.
2.Develop the ability to analyze literary text.
3. To cultivate an emotional perception of a literary text, attention to the literary word; cultivate respect for human feelings.
Equipment: texts of the story “The Young Lady - Peasant Woman”, pencil, paper.
Methodological techniques: student message; teacher's story with elements of conversation; vocabulary work; commented reading; drawing up character masks; comparative analysis of characters.
Lesson type: lesson on learning new material
During the classes
Teacher's word
Guys, today we are starting to get acquainted with a series of stories called “Belkin’s Tales”. They were written in Boldino in the fall of 1830. (Student’s message about the role of Boldino autumn in the life of A.S. Pushkin.)
In today's lesson we are working on Pushkin's story “The Young Lady-Peasant Woman”.
Conversation
“The Young Lady - Peasant Woman” is a parody of romantic and sentimental works of that time. (Vocabulary work - what is a parody?) This means that we will read a not entirely serious work by Pushkin. Nevertheless, in it Pushkin talks about very serious problems, but with humor.
At home you read the story. When you started reading, you probably noticed its title and epigraph. How can you explain the title? What is the lexical meaning of the words young lady and peasant woman? (A young lady is a girl from the upper class; a peasant woman is from the lower class.) - What does the combination of these words give? (By combining opposite concepts, Pushkin intrigues the reader with the title of the work. Pushkin uses the technique of antithesis throughout the entire work.) - Explain the meaning of the epigraph. (The epigraph is taken from I. Bogdanovich’s poem “Darling” and is, as it were, a moral characteristic of the heroine, who is “good” in both the noble and peasant guise.)
CONCLUSION: Judging by the title and epigraph, the main character will be a girl shown in a controversial situation and retaining high moral qualities in it.
Discussion of the characters in the story (comparative analysis)
Let's start analyzing the characters in the story with the older generation (differences):
Ivan Petrovich Berestov Grigory Ivanovich Muromsky
1. Conducts farming in the Russian manner:
“On weekdays he wore a velvet (dictionary worker) jacket, on holidays he put on a frock coat (dictionary worker) made of homemade cloth; I wrote down the expenses myself and read nothing except the Senate Gazette.
2. Of the people who condemned G.I. Muromsky, “Berestov responded most severely. Hatred of innovation was a distinctive feature of his character." Anglomaniac:
“...he planted an English garden...His grooms were dressed as English jockeys. His daughter had an English madam. He cultivated the fields according to the English method...” (Unlike the geometrically correct French garden, the English one is like a natural forest.)
2. Grigory Ivanovich “was considered a not stupid person, for he was the first of the landowners of his province to think of mortgaging his estate into the Trustee Council: a move that seemed extremely complex and bold at that time.”
The Angloman "made criticism as impatiently as our journalists."

Let us note the irony of Pushkin in describing the relationship between Berestov, the elder, and Muromsky. In their depiction, Pushkin uses the technique of antithesis.
However, despite their differences, they have a lot in common:
1. Ivan Petrovich Berestov is a Russian nobleman who runs a household according to the Russian model. 1. Grigory Ivanovich Muromsky. “He was a real Russian gentleman.”
He loved to play pranks.
2. Both were married for love and became widowed, left with one child. Thanks to their common life, Berestov Sr. and Muromsky were eventually able to find a common language and make peace.
Younger generation
Alexey Berestov Lisa (Betsy) - Akulina (the heroine’s name was not chosen by chance: everyone knows “Poor Liza” by Karamzin, it’s no coincidence that the heroine reads “Natalia, the Boyar’s Daughter” by Karamzin). 1. Characteristics, portrait:
“He was raised at the *** university and intended to join the military service, but his father did not agree to this... They were not inferior to each other, and young Alexey began to live for the time being as a master, growing a mustache just in case (an attribute of a military man).
He was, “really, a great fellow... The young ladies looked at him, and others looked at him; but Alexey did little with them, and they believed that the reason for his insensitivity was a love affair.”
“It’s easy to imagine what impression Alexey must have made in the circle of...young ladies. He was the first to appear before them, gloomy and disappointed, the first to tell them about lost joys and about his faded youth; Moreover, he wore a black ring with the image of a death's head. All this was extremely new in that province. The young ladies went crazy for him. 1. Characteristics, portrait:
“She was seventeen years old. Black eyes enlivened a dark and very pleasant face. She was the only one and, therefore, a spoiled child. Her playfulness and minute-by-minute pranks delighted her father and drove her Madame Miss Jackson into despair..."
“Nastya followed Liza, she was older, but just as flighty as her young lady.”
-Why did Lisa decide to dress up as a peasant; couldn’t she have charmed Alexei in her true guise?

Alexey wears the mask of a suffering lover, cold towards all young ladies, because it is fashionable in society, but with simple peasant women he is cheerful, sweet, and plays burners. With them you don’t need to wear a mask, you can be yourself. This is how Alexey is more interesting to Lisa.
- Why did Alexey and Lisa fall in love with each other?
“...Alexey, despite the fatal ring, the mysterious correspondence and the gloomy disappointment, was a kind and ardent fellow and had a pure heart, capable of feeling the pleasures of innocence.” He was going to marry a simple peasant woman, disobeying the will of his parent.
Lisa was too unusual for a simple peasant woman: self-esteem (even self-love), extraordinary intelligence, ease of communication and at the same time inaccessibility and adherence to principles.
“His relations with Akulina had for him the charm of novelty, ... although the instructions of the strange peasant woman seemed burdensome to him.”

All this speaks of Alexey’s high spiritual qualities. The originality of Liza-Akulina aroused strong feelings.
Group work
Students draw masks of the characters in the story and describe them verbally.
Berestov - the eldest - is a bear (Muromsky called him “... a bear and a provincial”).
Muromsky is a dandy - an Englishman (English manner of speech, monocle on his eye).
Alexey is the mask of a suffering lover (reminiscent of Pierrot’s mask) and a “good master.”
Lisa - two masks: a funny painted French woman and a peasant woman Akulina.
The heroes of the story hide their true faces, their real spiritual qualities under masks. However, some masks, on the contrary, emphasize the beauty of the characters’ souls.
Working on the composition and plot of the story
- How did the last explanation of Alexey and Lisa happen? (By chance, Alexey wanted to explain himself to Lisa, talk about his love for Akulina, and found Lisa in her true guise.)
- What is the general role of chance in the story? Let's list the accidents that move the story. Are they really that random? Let's look at the composition. Let us recall how the composition is built:

On the desk:
Exposition – plot – climax – denouement – and – epilogue (optional).
E.: A story about the heroes of the older generation, characteristics of the younger generation.
Z.: Nastya, Lisa’s maid meets A. Berestov and tells Lisa about it. Nastya’s chance acquaintance with A. Berestov entails Lisa’s well-planned “accidental” acquaintance with Alexey.K.: A chance meeting with Lisa - Akulina in her house. The climax is preceded by another accident: Muromsky’s fall from his horse and his rescue by Berestov, the elder.
R.: Absent: “The reader will relieve me of the unnecessary obligation to describe the denouement...”
Are the accidents in the story so random? Ponder this question at home.
Homework
Essay – miniature “The role of chance in the story by A.S. Pushkin's "The Young Lady - Peasant".
Read the Comedy “The Inspector General” by N.V. Gogol.

I was very interested in the role of chance and predetermination in human life. He believed in fate, knew that there were fatal circumstances that were beyond the control of man’s will and his plans. His own life more than once gave him reason to think about what strange little things fate depends on.

Many of Pushkin’s works are full of thoughts about the incomprehensible game that the Creator plays with man.

The heroes of “The Blizzard” are a dreamy and sentimental young lady from the district and a poor ensign who is on leave. They are in love with each other, their parents are against it, and so Masha and Vladimir, according to the classic canons of the novel genre, decide to run away and get married secretly. Everything is planned and calculated, faithful servants are ready to help, the groom’s friends agree to become witnesses and even “give their lives for him,” the priest agreed to perform the wedding... And nothing happened! Chance intervened, fate decided in its own way. A snowstorm arose, swirled the groom into the field, and he was late for “his own wedding.” And the same snowstorm brought the passing officer Burmin to the village church, who ended up marrying an unfamiliar young lady. It seemed to him like a joke, a prank, and only then did he realize that it was dangerous to joke with fate! Two strangers are united by marriage, but cannot hope for Love and married life. They can't even find one friend.

Fate intervened once again, giving the heroes the opportunity to truly meet and fall in love with each other. This incredible union, which began with a wedding and continued a few years later with an acquaintance, may be happy, according to Pushkin. And a blizzard is a symbol of fate, that incomprehensible, whimsical and capricious player who holds the cards of our lives in his hands.

Belkin's stories, despite the fact that they were written by Boldinskaya in the fall of 1830, in days that were not the most joyful and bright for the poet, are permeated through and through with love for man. In addition, in these works the author very clearly showed the discrepancy between human nature and the role imposed on him by society and social status.

Take, for example, the Young Peasant Lady. The work is based on the relationship between two young people: Liza Muromtseva and Alexei Berestov. In order to somehow get acquainted with the young Berestov, whose fame about his intelligence and beauty spread throughout the entire area, Liza, the daughter of Grigory Ivanovich Muromtsev, the elder Berestov’s first enemy, dressed up as a peasant girl and went early in the morning to the forest as if to pick mushrooms. In fact, the habit of the seducer of girls’ hearts who recently appeared in those parts was well known, to go hunting in the morning. Entering the forest, Lisa, who started this joke, was incredibly worried, her heart was beating strongly, without knowing why... As the girl expected, Alexey Berestov soon appeared. Here, in the forest, a conversation began between the young people, which served as the beginning of their great love.

Alexei liked everything about the peasant girl, he was in admiration, all day he thought about his new acquaintance; At night and in his dreams, the image of a dark-skinned beauty haunted his imagination. Lisa was also captivated by the beauty, charm and nobility of the young man. They started dating, and over time the thought of an unbreakable bond crossed their minds quite often, but they never talked about it with each other. Lisa knew what hatred existed between their fathers, and did not dare to hope for mutual reconciliation, and Alexey, no matter how attached he was to sweet Akulina, still remembered the distance that existed between him and the poor peasant woman. Despite the fact that happiness was so close, it was, at the same time, very far away. And it’s all the fault of the conventions and prejudices of the heroes.

Alexei's despair reached its limit after his father began to insist on marriage. Moreover, he did not like the girl whom the father was wooing at all, even though she was of the same class as him. The young man was faced with the problem of choosing either to agree with his father’s demands and live in wealth, or to marry a peasant woman without his father’s blessing and earn a living by his own labor. Alexey did not have to think for long: the nobility and power of love for the peasant girl were so strong that the decision immediately came to marry Akulina, and the more he thought about this decisive act, the more prudence he found in it. Without hesitating for a minute, Alexey wrote Akulina a letter in which he offered her his hand and heart. Having placed the letter in the hollow, as they had agreed, young Berestov went to bed very pleased with himself. The denouement soon followed: Alexey learns that Akulina is not actually Akulina, but Lisa. His beloved is not a peasant, but a noblewoman just like him.

The main character of the story, Alexey Berestov, became above prejudices, or, to be more precise, he was ready to become, he was ready to step over the conventions that his noble status imposed on him and which could not be reconciled with his inner world, his morals and consciousness. The denial of these prejudices, their exposure, a kind outlook on life and man, this, it seems to me, is the main idea of the story The Young Lady-Peasant.

Most popular articles:

Homework on the topic: The role of chance in the story by A. S. Pushkin.

A. S. Pushkin was very interested in the role of chance and predetermination in human life. He believed in fate, knew that there were fatal circumstances that were beyond the control of man’s will and his plans. His own life more than once gave him reason to think about what strange little things fate depends on.

Many of Pushkin’s works are full of thoughts about the incomprehensible game that the Creator plays with man.

The main character of the story, Alexey Berestov, became above prejudices, or, more precisely, he was ready to become, he was ready to step over the conventions that his noble status imposed on him and which did not reconcile with his inner world, his morality and consciousness. The denial of these prejudices, their exposure, a kind outlook on life and man, this, it seems to me, is the main idea of the story The Young Lady-Peasant.

Need to download an essay? Click and save - » The role of chance in the story by A. S. Pushkin. And the finished essay appeared in my bookmarks.