Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov years of life. Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov

In 2016, Nikolai Rubtsov could have celebrated his 80th birthday, but the poet lived only to 35. His life, like a comet flash, ended unexpectedly and strangely. But Rubtsov managed to do the main thing - confess his love for Russia. Poetry and the biography of the poet are compared with creative destiny. The same short, tragically cut short life. The same piercing poems full of hidden pain.

Childhood and youth

The poet was born in 1936 in the North. In the village of Yemetsk, near Kholmogory, the first year of Nikolai Rubtsov’s life passed. In 1937, the Rubtsov family moved to the town of Nyandoma, 340 kilometers south of Arkhangelsk, where the head of the family ran a consumer cooperative for three years. But the Rubtsovs did not live long in Nyandoma either - in 1941 they moved to Vologda, where the war found them.

My father went to the front and lost contact with him. In the summer of 1942, his mother passed away, and soon his one-year-old sister Nikolai passed away. The pain of loss resulted in the 6-year-old boy's first poem. In 1964, Nikolai Rubtsov recalled his experience in the poem “My Quiet Homeland”:

“My quiet homeland!
Willows, river, nightingales...
My mother is buried here
In my childhood."

Nikolai Rubtsov and his older brother were sent as orphans to an orphanage in “Nikoly,” as the village of Nikolskoye was popularly called. The poet recalled the years of orphanage life with warmth, despite his half-starved existence. Nikolai studied diligently and graduated from 7 classes at Nikolskoe (in former school furnished the House-Museum of N. M. Rubtsov). In 1952, the young writer went to work at Tralflot.

Rubtsov's surviving autobiography states that he is an orphan. In fact, the father returned from the front in 1944, but due to the lost archive he did not find the children. Mikhail Rubtsov married for the second time. Looking ahead, 19-year-old Nikolai met his father in 1955. 7 years later, Rubtsov Sr. died of cancer. For two years, starting in 1950, Nikolai was a student at the forestry technical school in Totma.

After graduation, he worked as a fireman for a year, and in 1953 he went to the Murmansk region, where he entered the mining and chemical technical school. In his second year, in the winter of 1955, student Nikolai Rubtsov was expelled due to a failed session. And in October, the 19-year-old poet was called up to serve in the Northern Fleet.

Literature

Nikolai Rubtsov's literary debut took place in 1957: his poem was published by a regional newspaper in the Arctic. Having been demobilized in 1959, the northerner went to the city on the Neva. He made his living by working as a mechanic, fireman and factory loader. I met the poets Gleb Gorbovsky and Boris Taigin. Taigin helped Rubtsov break through to the public by releasing his first poetry collection, “Waves and Rocks,” in the summer of 1962 using samizdat method.

In the same year, Nikolai Rubtsov became a student at the Moscow Literary Institute. His stay at the university was interrupted more than once: due to his rough character and addiction to alcohol, Nikolai was expelled and reinstated. But during these years the collections “Lyrics” and “Star of the Fields” were published. In those years, the cultural life of Moscow was seething: poems, etc. thundered on the stage.

The provincial Rubtsov did not fit into this loudness - he was a “quiet lyricist”, not “burning with a verb.” The almost Yesenin-esque lines of the poem “Visions on the Hill” are characteristic:

“I love your old days, Russia.
Your forests, graveyards and prayers."

The work of Nikolai Rubtsov differed from the works of the fashionable sixties, but the poet did not strive to follow fashion. Unlike Akhmadulina, he did not pack stadiums, but Rubtsov had fans. He was also not afraid to write seditious lines. In the “Autumn Song,” which the bards loved, there is a verse:

"That night I forgot
All good news
All the calls and calls
From the Kremlin Gate.
I fell in love that night
All the prison songs
All forbidden thoughts
All the persecuted people."

The poem was written in 1962, and the authorities did not pat it on the head for this.

In 1969, Nikolai Rubtsov received a diploma and became a staff member of the Vologda Komsomolets newspaper. A year before, the writer was given a one-room apartment in a Khrushchev building. In 1969, the collection “The Soul Keeps” was published, and a year later the last collection of poems, “The Noise of Pines.” The collection “Green Flowers” was ready for publication, but was published after the death of Nikolai Rubtsov. In the 1970s, poetry collections “The Last Steamboat”, “Selected Lyrics”, “Plantains” and “Poems” were published.

Songs based on poems by Rubtsov

The poetic works of Nikolai Rubtsov became songs that were first performed in the 1980s and 90s. He sang the same “Autumn Song”, only without the seditious verse. The music for it was written by composer Alexey Karelin. At the “Song-81” competition, Gintare Jautakaite sang “It’s Light in My Upper Room” (composer). IN next year The verse “Star of the Fields” was set to music. Performed the composition (album “Star of the Fields”).

The popular Leningrad group “Forum” also introduced into its repertoire a song based on the poet’s poems “The Leaves Flew Away.” The composition of the same name was included in the album “White Night”, released in the mid-1980s. The verse “Bouquet” was sung: the melody and words “I will ride the bike for a long time” are known to more than one generation Soviet people. In the late 1980s, the song was played at all concerts.

The lines of the poem “Bouquet” were written by Nikolai Rubtsov during his years of service in the Northern Fleet. In the 1950s, in the village of Priyutino near Leningrad, where Rubtsov’s brother Albert lived, Nikolai met a girl, Taya Smirnova. In 1958, the poet came on leave, but the meeting with Taya turned out to be farewell: the girl met someone else. In memory of youthful love, there was a poem written by Rubtsov in 15 minutes.

In the 2000s, they returned to the poetry of Nikolai Rubtsov: they sang the song “The cloudberry will bloom and ripen in the swamp,” and the group “Kalevala” introduced a composition based on the poem “They Came Up” into their repertoire.

Personal life

The year 1962 was eventful for the poet. Nikolai Rubtsov entered the literary institute and met Henrietta Menshikova, the woman who bore him a daughter. Menshikova lived in Nikolskoye, where she ran a club. Nikolai Rubtsov came to Nikola to see his classmates, relax and write poetry. At the beginning of 1963, the couple got married, but without formalizing the relationship. In the spring of the same year, Lenochka was born. The poet visited Nikolskoye on visits - he studied in Moscow.

In 1963, in the institute dormitory, Rubtsov met the aspiring poetess Lyudmila Derbina. The fleeting acquaintance then led to nothing: Nikolai did not make an impression on Lyusya. The girl remembered him in 1967, when she came across a fresh collection of the poet’s poems. Lyudmila fell in love with the poetry of Nikolai Rubtsov and realized that her place was next to him.

The woman already had a failed marriage and a daughter, Inga, behind her. In the summer, Lyudmila came to Vologda and stayed with Nikolai, for whom the poetess Lyusya Derbina became a fatal love. Their relationship could not be called equal: Rubtsov had an addiction to alcohol. In a state of intoxication, Nikolai was reborn, but the binges were replaced by days of repentance. The couple quarreled and broke up, then made up again. At the beginning of January 1971, the lovers came to the registry office. The wedding day was set for February 19.

Death

The poet did not live exactly a month before the wedding. His lines “I will die in the Epiphany frosts” turned out to be a prophecy. The events of that terrible night are still debated today. Nikolai Rubtsov was found dead on the floor of the apartment. Lyudmila Derbina admitted to manslaughter.

Pathologists agreed that the cause of death was strangulation. The woman was sentenced to 8 years, released under an amnesty after 6. In an interview with reporters, she said that during the quarrel that Epiphany night Rubtsov, who had been drinking, had a heart attack. Lyudmila never admitted guilt. Nikolai Rubtsov was buried, as he wished, at the Poshekhonskoye cemetery in Vologda.

Bibliography

1962 – “Waves and Rocks”
1965 – “Lyrics”. Arkhangelsk
1967 – “Star of the Fields”
1969 – “The soul keeps.” Arkhangelsk
1970 – “The Noise of Pines”
1977 – “Poems. 1953-1971"
1971 – “Green Flowers”
1973 – “The Last Steamer”
1974 – “Selected Lyrics”
1975 – “Plantains”
1977 – “Poems”

Rubtsov Nikolay Mikhailovich

The outstanding Russian poet Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov was born on January 3, 1936 in the village of Yemetsk, Kholmogory district, Arkhangelsk region. His father, Mikhail Andrianovich, and mother, Alexandra Mikhailovna, were from the Vologda village of Samylkovo, where they got married in 1921. At the height of collectivization, the father of the future poet joined the party and was soon appointed head of the ORS of the timber industry enterprise in Yemetsk, where he moved the whole family .

By the time Nikolai was born, the Rubtsov family had three children: two sisters and a brother (another sister had died earlier). According to the poet’s fragmentary recollections, his father was imprisoned in 1937, and a year later he was released and transferred to another job, in the district police department of the city of Nyandoma. It was in this city that the first tragedy in Nikolai’s life occurred: his 16-year-old sister Nadezhda died. In January 1941, the Rubtsov family moved to Vologda, where they met the beginning of the war.

Nikolai’s father was not taken to the war immediately, but a year later. But when all his documents were ready to be sent to the front, Rubtsov’s mother suddenly died of heart disease. Much later, Rubtsov reflected the feeling of irretrievable loss in the poem “The Scarlet Flower” (1966), where the image of a scarlet flower is an image of filial love, hidden from prying eyes. The father asked his sister Sophia to shelter the children, but she was only able to take the older ones - Galina and Albert. The younger ones - Nikolai and Boris - were sent to the Kraskovsky preschool orphanage.

In October 1943, the brothers were separated. Nikolai was transferred to the Nikolsky orphanage near the city of Totma. By that time, my father had already returned from the front after being seriously wounded, but he was in no hurry to gather his children in one house and soon got married. Only the older children knew that he was alive, and Nikolai learned about it only after the war. However, he was not welcome in the new family, and subsequently, when arriving in Vologda, the poet and his older sister, who shared his views with him, stayed with Aunt Sonya. Moreover, when entering study and work, Rubtsov in the early 50s. indicated in his autobiography that his father died at the front.

Back in 1945, Nikolai, according to his literature teacher, wrote his first poem, “Winter,” and from 1946 he began to compose constantly. The opportunity to put his experiences on paper to some extent saved the teenager from despair. As Rubtsov recalled, schoolchildren wrote on old books and newspapers with soot ink. In 1950, having completed the seven-year school, Rubtsov submitted documents to the Riga nautical school, but could not enter: he was not yet 15 years old. The poet wrote in 1960 about how he, frustrated, “walked in a dirty sweatshirt along the embankment of the pier” and how “he was eager to go to the sea” (the poem “Violets”).

Returning to Totma, Rubtsov entered the forestry technical school, where he studied for 2 years. In 1952, still wanting to connect his life with the sea, or, as he later wrote “in his inexplicable love // for the midnight northern ships,” he left for Arkhangelsk. He failed to enroll in the Arkhangelsk Marine Corps, but managed to get a job as an assistant fireman on a minesweeper. The work was extremely hard, and a year later Rubtsov quit and entered the mining technical school in the city of Kirovsk.

In 1954, having dropped out of technical school, he was recruited as a laborer in Tashkent. By that time, in his poems, published later, one of the main themes of his work appeared - homeless death on the “Land not dear to everyone” (“Yes! I will die!”). But even then Rubtsov felt the difference between a tramp without a family and a tribe and a traveler, and in 1955 he returned to Vologda to meet his father. Unable to find understanding, the poet went to his older brother Albert at the Priyutinsky artillery range near Leningrad, where he began working as a fitter. A bitter resentment towards Mikhail Andrianovich was reflected in the poem “Birches” (1957), in which again “a bullet killed my father in the war.”

In 1956, Rubtsov was called up for military service in the Northern Fleet. Even before the conscription, in Priyutin, Rubtsov met his first love - the girl Taya, to whom a few years later he dedicated the poems “Nightingales” (1962) and “Bouquet” (“I will ride a bicycle for a long time ...”) (1964). And again he felt like “a man who was washed overboard” when, having arrived on leave, he learned that the girl was getting ready to marry someone else. Nothing was left of the imagined life - family, love, home.

This time, his service in the navy saved him from despair, destroyer. But, according to his biographer, N. Konyaev, Rubtsov did not create any significant poems during this period, although he was constantly published in the newspaper “On Guard of the Arctic.” This is understandable: subtle emotional experiences would be inappropriate in the army. Nevertheless, it was in those years that the first version of the famous “Elegy” (“I hit your pocket, it doesn’t ring”) was written, and it was then that Rubtsov became acquainted with Yesenin’s work.

After demobilization, Rubtsov, who finally decided that “only dead fish float with the flow” (from the memoirs of his friend, prose writer Valentin Safonov), went to Leningrad, where he got a job as a fireman at the Kirov plant. At the same time, he studied at evening school and attended classes at the Narvskaya Zastava literary association. Despite the fact that in 1962 he wrote his programmatic poem “Visions on the Hill,” full of anxiety and pain for Russia, in those years “loud poetry” was in fashion, not lyrical poems about Russia. And among friends, poems based on wordplay or humorous ones (“How much vodka have you drunk…”, “Complaints of an alcoholic”) are becoming popular.

In the same year, Rubtsov, having passed school exams as an external student, entered the Moscow Literary Institute. To participate in the competition, he submitted his handwritten collection “Waves and Rocks.” He spent the summer in Nikola, where he once lived in an orphanage. At one of the youth parties, Rubtsov met Henrietta Menshikova, who later became his common-law wife and mother of his daughter Elena. Having stopped by his father before leaving for Moscow, he finally made peace with him. They saw each other for the last time.

Only at the Literary Institute did Rubtsov manage to find like-minded people. In Moscow, he became friends with critics Vadim Kozhinov and Stanislav Kunyaev, who became the main popularizers of his work. However, the manuscripts for the second samizdat collection, “Above Eternal Peace,” prepared by Rubtsov, were not preserved: in the dormitory, they were most likely thrown out during renovations while the students were on vacation.

In 1963, Vadim Kozhinov managed to agree on the publication of Nikolai Mikhailovich’s poems with the editors of the magazine “October”. Since then, this publication has become almost “native” for Rubtsov. In “October” such poems as “Vision on the Hill” (1962), “Good Filya” (1962), “I will ride over the hills of the slumbering homeland...” (1963), “Autumn Song” (1963), were first published. “My quiet homeland!” (1963) and one of the most famous in his work is “In the Upper Room” (1963).

But the fees were meager, the stipend was 22 rubles, and by that time the poet was already 27 years old, and his daughter was born. It was by 1963-64. include stories about Rubtsov's sprees in the Central House of Writers and the famous drinking bout with portraits of classics, described in the novel by Ven. Erofeev "Moscow-Petushki". Then he began to wear, without taking off, his famous long thin scarf. He was deprived of his scholarship, reprimanded, evicted from the dormitory, and finally expelled from the institute. But, partly realizing that all this outward shockingness and belated boyishness were due to instability and lack of money, the university management changed their anger to mercy and allowed Rubtsov to complete his studies in the correspondence department. But before that, feeling that life had turned away from him again and that no one and nothing was waiting for him, he wrote a sad poem “Farewell Song” (1964).

Rubtsov was reinstated only in 1965. Until then, he lived in Nikola, subsisting on modest fees from district and regional Vologda newspapers. He did not find understanding in the family of his common-law wife, he felt homeless and alienated again (the poem “Midnight Singing”), although the work that brings light and hope to everyone, “Russian Light” (1964), also dates back to that period.

After being reinstated at the institute, Rubtsov left his family, which never became his true refuge, and with the help of friends, he published the collection “Lyrics” in Arkhangelsk in 1965, after which he signed an agreement with “Soviet Writer” for the collection “Star of the Fields,” which was published in 1967. The release of “Star of the Fields,” according to the poet’s friends, became his “finest hour.” His poems were talked about in magazines, and ordinary fellow citizens learned about Rubtsov as a subtle lyricist. During these same years, while studying by correspondence, Rubtsov constantly published poems and essays in various publications, earning money while traveling around the country with writing delegations.

"Star of the Fields" became diploma work author, and on April 19, 1968 he was accepted into the Writers' Union. Returning to Vologda as a correspondent for the Vologda Komsomolets newspaper, Rubtsov received a tiny room in a hostel, which became his first real home. In 1969, his next collection, “The Soul Keeps,” was published by the Arkhangelsk Publishing House. Soon Rubtsov received a one-room apartment in a house at the address: st. Yashina, 3, apt. 66. Life, it would seem, began to get better. In 1970, another collection was published in Arkhangelsk - “The Soul Keeps”, Rubtsov was periodically published in the capital’s magazines - “Young Guard” and “Our Contemporary”. “If only a little happiness was given...” - this is what he wrote in the poem “Fate.”

In 1970, Rubtsov renewed his close acquaintance with the poetess Lyudmila Derbina-Granovskaya, who came to visit him in Vologda (they first met in 1963). On January 5, 1971, they submitted an application for marriage registration to the registry office. But on the night of January 19, 1971, Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov tragically died at the hands of the woman whom he wanted to call his wife. “I will die in the Epiphany frosts...” he wrote a year earlier. The poet was buried at the Poshekhonskoye cemetery in Vologda. On the tombstone of Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov, lines from “Visions on the Hill” are carved: “Russia, Rus'! Protect yourself, protect yourself!

Rubtsov Nikolay Mikhailovich
Born: January 3, 1936.
Died: January 19, 1971 (age 35).

Biography

Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov (January 3, 1936, village of Yemetsk, Northern Territory - January 19, 1971, Vologda) - Russian lyric poet.

Born on January 3, 1936 in the village of Yemetsk, Kholmogory district of the Northern Territory (now Arkhangelsk region). In 1937 he moved with his large family to Nyandoma. In 1939-1940, Rubtsov’s father Mikhail Andrianovich worked as the head of the Nyandoma Gorpo. In January 1941, “Mikhail Rubtsov left Nyandoma for the Vologda City Party Committee. In Vologda, the Rubtsovs were caught up in the war. In the summer of 1942, Rubtsov’s mother and younger sister died, the father was at the front, and the children were sent to boarding schools. This summer, 6-year-old Nikolai wrote his first poem.

Nikolai and his brother first ended up in the Krasovsky orphanage, and from October 1943 until June 1950, Nikolai lived and studied in an orphanage in the village of Nikolskoye, Totemsky district, Vologda region, where he graduated from seven classes of school (now the House is located in this building). Museum of N. M. Rubtsov). In the same village, his daughter Elena was subsequently born in a civil marriage with Henrietta Mikhailovna Menshikova.

In his autobiography, written upon entering Tralflot in 1952, Nikolai writes that his father went to the front and died in 1941. But in fact, Mikhail Adrianovich Rubtsov (1900-1962) survived, after being wounded in 1944 he returned to Vologda and in the same year he married again and lived in Vologda. Due to the loss of documents in the Krasovsky orphanage, he could not find Nikolai and met him only in 1955.

From 1950 to 1952, Rubtsov studied at the Totemsky Forestry College. From 1952 to 1953 he worked as a fireman in the Arkhangelsk trawl fleet of the Sevryba trust, from August 1953 to January 1955 he studied at the mine surveying department at the Mining and Chemical College of the Ministry of Chemical Industry in Kirovsk, Murmansk Region. In January 1955, he failed the winter session and was expelled from the technical school. Since March 1955, Rubtsov was a laborer at an experimental military training ground.

From October 1955 to October 1959, he served in military service as a rangefinder on the destroyer "Ostry" Northern Fleet(in the rank of sailor and senior sailor). On May 1, 1957, his first newspaper publication took place (the poem “May has come”) in the newspaper “On Guard of the Arctic.” After demobilization, he lived in Leningrad, working alternately as a mechanic, fireman and charger at the Kirov plant.

Rubtsov begins to study at the literary association “Narvskaya Zastava”, meets young Leningrad poets Gleb Gorbovsky, Konstantin Kuzminsky, Eduard Shneiderman. In July 1962, with the help of Boris Taigin, he published his first typewritten collection, “Waves and Rocks.”

In August 1962, Rubtsov entered the Literary Institute. M. Gorky in Moscow and met Vladimir Sokolov, Stanislav Kunyaev, Vadim Kozhinov and other writers, whose friendly participation more than once helped him both in his creativity and in the matter of publishing poetry. Problems soon arose with his stay at the institute, but the poet continued to write, and in the mid-1960s his first collections were published.

In 1969, Rubtsov graduated from the Literary Institute and was accepted into the staff of the Vologda Komsomolets newspaper.

In 1968, Rubtsov’s literary merits received official recognition, and in Vologda he was allocated a one-room apartment No. 66 on the fifth floor in a five-story building No. 3 on a street named after another Vologda poet - Alexandra Yashina.

Writer Fedor Abramov called Rubtsov the brilliant hope of Russian poetry.

Death

He died on the night of January 19, 1971 in his apartment, as a result of a domestic quarrel with the aspiring poetess Lyudmila Derbina (Granovskaya) (born 1938), whom he was going to marry (on January 8 they submitted documents to the registry office). The judicial investigation established that the death was of a violent nature and resulted from suffocation - mechanical asphyxia from squeezing the neck organs with hands. Derbina, in her memoirs and interviews, describing the fateful moment, claims that a heart attack occurred - “his heart simply could not stand it when we grappled.” She was found guilty of the murder of Rubtsov, sentenced to 8 years, released early after almost 6 years, as of 2013 she lived in Velsk, did not consider herself guilty and hoped for posthumous rehabilitation. Publicist and deputy editor-in-chief of the newspaper “Zavtra” Vladimir Bondarenko, pointing out in 2000 that Rubtsov’s death somehow resulted from Derbina’s actions, called her memoirs “senseless and vain attempts at justification.”

Biographers mention the poem Rubtsova“I will die in the Epiphany frosts” as a prediction of the date of my own death. The Vologda Museum of Nikolai Rubtsov contains the poet’s will, found after his death: “Bury me where Batyushkov is buried.”

Nikolai Rubtsov was buried in Vologda at the Poshekhonskoye cemetery.

Creation

The Vologda “small homeland” and the Russian North gave him the main theme of his future work - “ancient Russian identity”, became the center of his life, “sacred land!”, where he felt “both alive and mortal” (see Borisovo-Sudskoe) .

His first collection, “Waves and Rocks,” appeared in 1962 in samizdat; his second book of poems, “Lyrics,” was officially published in 1965 in Arkhangelsk. Then the poetry collections “Star of the Fields” (1967), “The Soul Keeps” (1969), and “Pine Noise” (1970) were published. “Green Flowers”, which were being prepared for publication, appeared after the poet’s death.

Rubtsov's poetry, extremely simple in its style and themes, associated primarily with his native Vologda region, has creative authenticity, internal scale, and a finely developed figurative structure.

Memory

The House-Museum of N. M. Rubtsov has been operating in the village of Nikolskoye since 1996.
In the city of Apatity, Murmansk region, on January 20, 1996, on the facade of the library-museum building, where Rubtsov’s readings have been held in Apatity since 1994, a memorial plaque in memory of the poet was installed.
In Vologda, a street was named after Nikolai Rubtsov and a monument was erected (1998, sculptor A. M. Shebunin).
In 1998, the name of the poet was assigned to St. Petersburg Library No. 5 (Nevskaya Central Library) (Address 193232, St. Petersburg, Nevsky district, Shotmana st., 7, building 1). In the library. Nikolai Rubtsov there is a literary museum “Nikolai Rubtsov: Poems and Fate”.
A monument by sculptor Vyacheslav Klykov was erected in Totma.
In Kirovsk, on January 19, 2000, on the facade of the new building of the Khibiny Technical College (formerly the Kirov Mining and Chemical College, where the poet studied in 1953-1955), a memorial plaque was installed in memory of the poet.
In 2001, in St. Petersburg, on the building of the administrative building of the Kirov plant, a marble memorial plaque was installed, with the famous cry of the poet: “Russia! Rus! Protect yourself, protect yourself! A monument to Rubtsov was also erected in his homeland, in Yemetsk (2004, sculptor Nikolai Ovchinnikov).
Since 2009, the All-Russian Poetry Competition named after. Nikolai Rubtsov, whose goal is to find and support young aspiring poets from among the pupils of orphanages.
In Vologda there is a museum “Literature. Art. Century XX" (branch of the Vologda State Historical-Architectural and art museum reserve), dedicated to the work of Valery Gavrilin and Nikolai Rubtsov.
In Yemetsk secondary school named after. Rubtsova, Yemetsky local history museum them. N. M. Rubtsov, a monument to Rubtsov was erected.
In the village of Nikolskoye, a street and a secondary school are named after the poet; a house-museum of the poet was opened on Nikolai Rubtsov Street (in the building of a former orphanage). There is a memorial plaque on the facade.
A bust of Nikolai Rubtsov was erected in Cherepovets.
On January 19, 2010, at the Kirov Plant (St. Petersburg) in workshop 420, a musical and literary performance “Songs of the Russian Soul” was held, dedicated to the memory of the poet.
On November 1, 2011, the Nikolai Rubtsov Literary and Local History Center opened in the House of Knowledge in Cherepovets. It recreates the apartment of Galina Rubtsova-Shvedova, the poet’s sister, whom he often visited when coming to Cherepovets. The Center hosts literary and musical evenings and conducts research work related to the biography and work of Rubtsov.
Rubtsovsky centers operate in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Saratov, Kirov, and Ufa.
In the village of Pargolovo a street is named after the poet.
In Dubrovka a street is named after the poet.
In Murmansk, on the Writers' Alley, a monument to the poet was erected.
Since 1998, an open festival of poetry and music “Rubtsovskaya Autumn” has been held in Vologda.
In St. Petersburg, a street in a microdistrict near the Parnas metro station is named after the poet.

Editions

Collected works in 3 volumes. - M., Terra, 2000
"Lyrics". Arkhangelsk, 1965. - 40 pp., 3,000 copies.
"Star of the Fields" M., Soviet writer, 1967. - 112 pp., 10,000 copies,
"The soul keeps." Arkhangelsk, 1969. - 96 pp., 10,000 copies,
"Pine noise." M., Soviet writer, 1970, - 88 pp., 20,000 copies,
“Poems. 1953-1971" - M., Soviet Russia, 1977, 240 pp., 100,000 copies.
“Green Flowers”, M., Soviet Russia, 1971. - 144 pp., 15,000 copies;
“The Last Steamship”, M., Sovremennik, 1973, - 144 pp., 10,000 copies.
“Selected Lyrics”, Vologda, 1974. - 148 pp., 10,000 copies;
“Plantains”, M., Young Guard, 1976. - 304 pp., 100,000 copies.
First snow. - Vologda, 1975
First snow. - Barnaul, 1977
Poems. - M., Children's literature, 1978
With all my love and longing. - Arkhangelsk, 1978
Green flowers. - Barnaul, 1978
Martin. - Kemerovo, 1978

Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov- Russian lyric poet.

Born on January 3, 1936 in the village of Yemetsk, Kholmogory district of the Northern Territory (now Arkhangelsk region). In 1940, he moved with his large family to Vologda, where the Rubtsovs were caught in the war. Soon Rubtsov’s mother died, and the children were sent to boarding schools. From October 1943 until June 1950 he lived and studied in the Nikolsky orphanage.

In his autobiography, Nikolai writes that his father went to the front and died in the same year, 1941. But in fact, Mikhail Andrianovich Rubtsov (1900-1962) survived and after the war he married again, leaving his own children from his first marriage in a boarding school, and lived in Vologda. Nikolai wrote these lines in his biography, as if wanting to forget about his father, who did not want to find his son and take him in after returning from the front. Next, Nikolai was sent to the Nikolsky orphanage in the Totemsky district of the Vologda region, where he graduated from seven classes of school. Here his daughter Elena was subsequently born in a civil marriage with Henrietta Mikhailovna Menshikova.

House in Yemetsk, where Nikolai Rubtsov was born

From 1950 to 1952, the future poet studied at the Totemsky Forestry College. Then, from 1952 to 1953, he worked as a fireman in the Arkhangelsk trawl fleet of the Sevryba trust; from 1953 to 1955, he studied at the Mining and Chemical College of the Ministry of Chemical Industry in Kirovsk (Murmansk Region). Since March 1955, Rubtsov was a laborer at an experimental military training ground.

From October 1955 to 1959, he served in the army in the Northern Fleet (with the rank of sailor and senior sailor). After demobilization, he lived in Leningrad, working alternately as a mechanic, fireman and charger at the Kirov plant.

In 1969, Rubtsov graduated from the Literary Institute and was accepted into the staff of the Vologda Komsomolets newspaper.

In 1968, Rubtsov’s literary merits received official recognition and he was allocated a one-room apartment No. 66 in Vologda on the fifth floor of a five-story building No. 3 on a street named after another Vologda poet, Alexander Yashin. Three years later, Rubtsov’s life tragically ended in this home.

Writer Fyodor Abramov called Rubtsov the brilliant hope of Russian poetry.

Death Main article: Death of Nikolai Rubtsov

He died on January 19, 1971 in his apartment, as a result of a domestic quarrel with a librarian and aspiring poetess Lyudmila Derbina (Granovskaya) (b. 1938), whom he was going to marry (on January 8 they submitted documents to the registry office). The judicial investigation established that the death was of a violent nature and resulted from strangulation - mechanical asphyxia from squeezing the neck organs with hands. Rubtsova’s beloved, in her memoirs and interviews, describing the fatal moment, claims that a heart attack occurred - “ his heart just couldn’t stand it when we got involved" Derbina was found guilty of the murder of Rubtsov, sentenced to 8 years, released early after almost 6 years, as of 2013 she lives in Velsk, does not consider herself guilty and hopes for posthumous rehabilitation. Publicist and deputy editor-in-chief of the newspaper “Zavtra” Vladimir Bondarenko, pointing out in 2000 that Rubtsov’s death somehow resulted from Derbina’s actions, called her memoirs “ senseless and vain attempts at justification».

Biographers mention Rubtsov’s poem “I will die in the Epiphany frosts” as a prediction of the date of his own death. The Vologda Museum of N. Rubtsov contains the poet’s will, found after his death: “Bury me where Batyushkov is buried.”

Nikolai Rubtsov was buried in Vologda at the Poshekhonskoye cemetery.

Memory

The House-Museum of N.M. Rubtsova in the village of Nikolskoye since 1996.
In Vologda, a street was named after Nikolai Rubtsov and a monument was erected (1998, sculptor A. M. Shebunin).
In 1998, the name of the poet was assigned to St. Petersburg Library No. 5 (Nevskaya Central Library) (Address 193232, St. Petersburg, Nevsky district, Shotmana st., 7, building 1). In the library. Nikolai Rubtsov there is a literary museum “Nikolai Rubtsov: Poems and Fate”. Every day, within the walls of the library, excursions to the literary museum are held, the feature-documentary film “The Poet Nikolai Rubtsov” is shown, literary salon in Rubtsov's living room.
A monument by sculptor Vyacheslav Klykov was erected in Totma.

Memorial plaque on the building of the Kirov plant

In 2001, in St. Petersburg, a marble memorial plaque was installed on the plant management building of the Kirov plant, with the famous cry of the poet: “Russia! Rus! Protect yourself, protect yourself! A monument to Rubtsov was also erected in his homeland, in Yemetsk (2004, sculptor Nikolai Ovchinnikov).
Since 2009, the All-Russian Poetry Competition named after. Nikolai Rubtsov, whose goal is to find and support young aspiring poets from among the pupils of orphanages.
In Vologda there is a museum “Literature. Art. Century XX" (branch of the Vologda State Historical, Architectural and Art Museum of the Reserve), dedicated to the work of Valery Gavrilin and Nikolai Rubtsov.
In Yemetsk secondary school named after. Rubtsova
Emetsky Museum of Local Lore named after. N. M. Rubtsova
There is also a monument to Rubtsov in Yemetsk.
In the village of Nikolskoye, a street and a secondary school are named after the poet. In the village of Nikolskoye, on N. Rubtsov Street, a house-museum of the poet was opened (in the building of a former orphanage). There is a memorial plaque on the facade.
A bust of N. Rubtsov was erected in Cherepovets
On November 1, 2011, the Nikolai Rubtsov Literary and Local History Center opened in the House of Knowledge in Cherepovets. It recreates the apartment of Galina Rubtsova-Shvedova, the poet’s sister, whom he often visited when coming to Cherepovets. The Center hosts literary and musical evenings and conducts research work related to the biography and work of Rubtsov.
Rubtsovsky centers operate in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Saratov, Kirov, and Ufa.
In the city of Vsevolozhsk a street is named after the poet.
In Dubrovka a street is named after the poet.

Monument to N. M. Rubtsov in Yemetsk Monument to N. M. Rubtsov in Murmansk

In Murmansk, on the Writers' Alley, a monument to the poet was erected.
Since 1998, an open festival of poetry and music “Rubtsovskaya Autumn” has been held in Vologda.
In St. Petersburg, a street in a microdistrict near the Parnas metro station is named after the poet.

Creation

The Vologda “small homeland” and the Russian North gave him the main theme of his future work - “ancient Russian identity”, which became the center of his life, “land... sacred”, where he felt “both alive and mortal” (see Borisovo-Sudskoe) .

Nikolai Rubtsov himself wrote about his poetry:

I won't rewrite
From the book of Tyutchev and Fet,
I'll even stop listening
The same Tyutchev and Fet.
And I won't make it up
Myself special, Rubtsova,
I'll stop believing for this
In the same Rubtsov,
But I'm at Tyutchev and Fet's
I'll check your sincere word,
So that the book of Tyutchev and Fet
Continue with Rubtsov’s book!..

Plagiarism of Rubtsov's works

In 2013, Irina Kotelnikova, a member of the Union of Journalists of the Russian Federation, living in Transbaikalia, contacted the Internet reception of the Legislative Assembly of the Vologda Region. The journalist pointed out the increasing incidence of plagiarism of Rubtsov’s works on the Internet, and cited a number of examples of unfair copying of the poet’s poems by different “authors,” which is theft of someone else’s intellectual property. Some plagiarists, attributing Rubtsov's poems to themselves, even claim to receive prizes and awards in the field of poetry.

Biography and poems of Nikolai Rubtsov

Rubtsov Nikolay Mikhailovich

(01/3/1936, village of Yemetsk, Arkhangelsk region - 01/19/1971, Vologda)

Poet. Nikolay Rubtsov

Rubtsov's father was the head of the ORS of the timber industry enterprise, his mother, Alexandra Mikhailovna, was a housewife. There were six children in the family. During the military disasters in Vologda, two sisters and the mother of the future poet died, traces of his father were lost (for a long time Rubtsov considered him dead at the front, but in the 1950s they met; Mikhail Andrianovich died in 1962 in Vologda). In 1942, Rubtsov ended up in an orphanage near Vologda, and in 1943 - in the Nikolsky orphanage in the Totemsky district of the Vologda region, where he remained until he was fourteen years old. The village of Nikolskoye became small homeland poet: “Here is the homeland for my soul!” - he admitted in a letter to A. Yashin. In 1950, Rubtsov graduated from the seven-year school, “he studied at several technical schools, but did not graduate from any. He worked at several factories and in the Arkhangelsk trawl fleet. Served for four years in the Northern Fleet" (from his autobiography). From 1959 to 1962, Rubtsov lived in Leningrad, worked at the Kirov plant, and participated in the literary life of the city. In the summer of 1962, the poet’s friend, writer Boris Taigin, published Rubtsov’s first typewritten poetry book, “Waves and Rocks” (republished in 1998 in the same place, in Leningrad). In the fall of 1962, after graduating as an external student high school, Rubtsov enters the Literary Institute. M. Gorky in Moscow, later transferred to extramural, lives mainly in Vologda and in the village. Nikolsky. In 1964, a selection of his poems appeared in the October magazine, which was noticed by critics, but Rubtsov’s first Moscow book, “Star of the Fields” (1967), brought real fame. In total, during the poet’s lifetime, four collections of poems were published: “Lyrics” (Arkhangelsk, 1965), “Star of the Fields” (M., 1967), “The Soul Keeps” (Arkhangelsk, 1969) and “Pines Noise” (M., 1970) . Rubtsov finally settled in Vologda in 1967. He died tragically on the night of Epiphany. The poet predicted the date of his death in the poem “I will die in the Epiphany frosts...”.

Rubtsov's personal orphan fate and his tragic perception of life coincided in their main features with the people's worldview. At the center of his poetry is the split in the modern world, the orphanhood of the individual and its tragic fate. The persistent motifs of orphanhood and wandering in Rubtsov’s poetry complement each other. The basis of the imagery of his poems was the traditional symbolism of lyrical folk songs. The poet also devotes a lot of space to religious symbolism (putting it on a par with natural symbolism) and the symbolism of the image of Russia. For Rubtsov, the homeland is an ideal of holiness, an unchanging ideal. Value-semantic orientation in his art world, his “soul theme” is aimed at modernity, which is only a “moment of eternity” in the entire life of the Motherland.

In Rubtsov’s artistic world, the soul has different meanings in its interconnectedness with the world. But his ethical and aesthetic position is most definitely expressed in the program poem “Soul” (“Philosophical Poems”). In it, the poet, starting from the Orthodox Christian tradition of ethical intellectualism to see the highest part of the soul in the mind (“United, reason and soul Give us the lamp of life - reason!”), expresses his most intimate thought: the soul is not only an aesthetic value, but and at the same time the goal:

But I'll go! I know in advance

That he is happy, even if it knocks him off his feet,

Who will go through everything when the soul leads,

And there is no higher happiness in life!

Rubtsov’s originality lies in the fact that he was able to combine traditional stylistic forms with the language and thinking of his time, giving modern language classical simplicity in its most complex internal harmony.

Poetic motifs in Rubtsov’s lyrics are included in a complex system of associative connections: folklore, literary, commonly used, contextual (in the text of individual poems, in their cycle, in the entire work of the poet, in his literary environment, etc.), including connections intuitive and mystical.

Many of the poet’s lines entered the Russian language, became popular, and they concentrated the moral experience of the people.

The general, unifying theme of Rubtsov’s philosophical lyrics is not at all original: the meaning human life... The search for this meaning, spiritual wandering through Rus', present and past - this is the true content of Rubtsov’s poetry.

The innovation of his work was manifested in relation to tradition, in its restoration and non-conformity with it. The ethical and aesthetic richness, completely consciously created by the poet, and the tragedy cause a unique artistic effect. We can say that Nikolai Rubtsov came to the reader’s heart not by the catchiness of the outer side of the verse; he knew how this heart lived, what its pain was...

But the truth of Rubtsov’s poetry is not in leaving, not in farewell, not in mourning the past, but in the restoration and affirmation of people’s ideals. “The goal of art is the ideal,” wrote A.S. Pushkin.

The spiritual height of Rubtsov - human soul, not clouded by the “philosophy” of practicality. “The very nature of the Russian spirit has long needed the appearance of just such a poet in order to bridge the half-century tragic gap Russian poetry again with a Christian worldview. And this lot fell on Nikolai Rubtsov, and the light of majestic chant and prayerful confession lit up in him” (A. Romanov).

One of the minor planets, streets in Vologda and St. Petersburg, in the village are named after the poet. Nikolsky created the Rubtsov Museum, monuments to him were opened in the cities of Totma, Vologda, Cherepovets, and Yemetsk. There is a memorial plaque installed at house No. 3 on Yashina Street, where the poet lived and died. The All-Russian Literary Prize “Star of the Fields” is awarded annually. Nikolai Rubtsov, there are Rubtsov centers in Vologda, St. Petersburg, Moscow, Dzerzhinsk, Surgut and other cities, Rubtsov days and scientific conferences are held.

Poems by Nikolai Rubtsov

MY SILENT HOMELAND
V. Belov

Quiet my homeland!
Willows, river, nightingales...
My mother is buried here
In my childhood years.

Where is the churchyard? You did not see?
I can't find it myself.
The residents answered quietly:
- It's on the other side.

The residents answered quietly,
The convoy passed quietly.
Church monastery dome
Overgrown with bright grass.

Where I swam for fish
Hay is rowed into the hayloft:
Between river bends
People dug a canal.

Tina is now a swamp
Where I loved to swim...
My quiet homeland
I haven't forgotten anything.

New fence in front of the school
The same green space.
Like a cheerful crow
I'll sit on the fence again!

My school is wooden!..
The time will come to leave -
The river behind me is foggy
He will run and run.

With every bump and cloud,
With thunder ready to fall,
I feel the most burning
The most mortal connection.

POETRY
Poems drive us out of the house,
It's like a blizzard is howling, howling
Steam heating,
For electricity and gas!

Tell me if you know
Something like this about blizzards:
Who can make them howl?
Who can stop them?
When do you want peace?

And in the morning the sun will rise, -
Who can find a way
To delay its rise?
Stop its decline?

That's how poetry is
It's ringing - you can't stop it!
If he shuts up, you moan in vain!
She is invisible and free.

Will it glorify us or humiliate us,
But it will still take its toll!
And she doesn’t depend on us,
And we depend on her...

MORNING
When dawn, shining through the pine forest,
It burns, it burns, and the forest no longer sleeps,
And the shadows of the pine trees fall into the river,
And the light runs onto the streets of the village,
When, laughing, in the quiet courtyard
Adults and children greet the sun, -
Having perked up, I’ll run up the hill
And I will see everything in the best light.
Trees, huts, a horse on the bridge,
Flowering meadow - I miss them everywhere.
And, having fallen out of love with this beauty,
I probably won’t create another one...

GULYAEVSKAYA HILL
Stop, my darling!
I like everything - a rural closet,
Autumn Forest, Gulyaevskaya Hill,
Where did the Russian princes have fun?

Simple legends, kind lips
They also say that every day
A beautiful princess was walking here, -
She loved these places.

Yes! But I’m also quite a happy type,
When I secretly dream about her
Or I stare mindlessly at the Christmas tree
And suddenly I see a porcini mushroom in the shadows!

And I don’t need anything for now
I wake up cheerfully at dawn
And I keep wandering along the old Russian hill,
Thinking a little about the old days...

PINE NOISE
Once again he greeted me
Cozy ancient Lipin Bor,
Where is the wind, the snowy wind
Starts an eternal argument with the pine needles.

What a Russian village!
For a long time I heard the noise of pine trees,
And then enlightenment came
My simple evening thoughts.

I'm sitting in a regional hotel,
I smoke, read, light the stove.
It will probably be a sleepless night,
Sometimes I love not sleeping!

How can you sleep when out of darkness
It’s like I can hear the voice of centuries,
And the light of the neighboring barracks
Still burning in the darkness of the snow.

May the path be frosty tomorrow,
Let me be, perhaps, gloomy.
I will not sleep through the legend of the pine trees.
The ancient pine trees make a long noise...

* * *
In moments of sad music
I imagine the yellow reach
And the woman’s farewell voice,
And the sound of gusty birches,

And the first snow under the gray sky
Among the extinct fields,
And a path without sun, a path without faith
Cranes driven by snow...

The soul has long been tired of wandering
In former love, in former hops,
The time has come to understand,
That I love ghosts too much.

But still in unstable dwellings -
Try to stop them! -
Calling to each other, the violins cry
About the yellow stretch, about love.

And still under the low sky
I see clearly, to the point of tears,
And the yellow reach and the close voice,
And the sound of gusty birches.

As if the farewell hour is eternal,
As if time has nothing to do with it...
In moments of sad music
Don't talk about anything.

Long before his death, Nikolai Rubtsov wrote a famous poem,
Rubtsov did not choose his fate, he only foresaw it. Mysterious
looks like the relationship between Rubtsov’s poetry and his life. According to his poems it is more accurate than according to
documents and autobiographies, you can trace his life path. Many
real poets guessed their fate, easily looked into the future, but
Rubtsov's visionary abilities were with extraordinary power. When? Now
you read the poems he wrote shortly before his death, you are overcome by an eerie feeling
unreality:

I will die in the Epiphany frosts.
I will die when the birches crack.
And in the spring there will be complete horror:
River waves will rush into the churchyard!
From my flooded grave
The coffin will float up, forgotten and sad,
It will crash with a crash, and into the darkness
Terrible debris will float away.
I don’t know what it is...
I don't believe in eternity of peace!

Of course, many poets guessed their fate. But Rubtsov not only accurately predicted the day of his death, he also predicted what would happen after his death.
It is impossible to see ahead as clearly as Nikolai Rubtsov saw. Nikolay Rubtsov
was killed on January 19, 1971. In our life everything happens as it happens
happens. And this is the highest justice. Another justice, according to
at least here, “on the other shore,” as Rubtsov said, there is no and never will be.