Punctuation marks for direct speech

Staging punctuation marks in sentences with direct speech depends on the relationship between direct speech and the words of the author.

Punctuation in sentences with direct speech shown in the diagrams. Letters P, p they denote direct speech, the first word of which is written with a capital (P) or lowercase (P) letters; letters A, A- words of the author that also begin or are capitalized (A), or with a lowercase letter (a).

Direct speech after the author's words

If author's words precede direct speech and are followed by a colon, direct speech is in quotation marks. First word direct speech written with a capital letter at the end direct speech the appropriate end-of-sentence sign is used. In this case, question and exclamation marks, as well as ellipses, are placed before the quotation marks, and a period after them.

Direct speech before the words of the author

If direct speech comes before the words of the author, then it is enclosed in quotation marks, written with a capital letter, followed by a comma (after the quotation marks) or an exclamation mark, a question mark or an ellipsis (before the quotation marks) and a dash. Author's words written with a lowercase (small) letter.

The author's words inside direct speech

1. If direct speech is one sentence, then after the first part there is a comma and a dash, author's words are written with a lowercase letter, followed by a comma and a dash, the second part direct speech written with a lowercase letter; quotes are placed only at the beginning and at the end direct speech and are not placed between direct speech and words of the author.

2. If direct speech consists of several sentences and author's words stand between them, then after the first part direct speech a comma and a dash are placed (if there should be a period at the end of a sentence of direct speech), an exclamation mark, a question mark or an ellipsis and a dash; author's words are written with a lowercase letter, followed by a dot and a dash; The second part direct speech starts with a capital letter. Quotes are only placed at the beginning and end direct speech. Punctuation at the end of the second part direct speech are governed by the rules already described above.

“P, - a. - P". “P, - a. - P?"	1) “So much time has passed since our separation,” I thought. “She probably forgot everything that happened between us then.” (A. Pushkin) 2) “How you scared me,” she said, breathing heavily, still pale and stunned. - Oh, how you scared me! I'm barely alive. Why have you come? For what?" (A. Chekhov)
"P! - A. - P". "P! - A. - P!"	1) “Stop, brothers, stop! - the monkey screams. - Wait! How should the music go? That’s not how you sit.” (I. Krylov) 2) “I don’t understand why you are happy! - False Dmitriev said with surprise. “A man dies, and you rejoice!” (I. Ilf and E. Petrov)
"P? - A. - P". "P? - A. - P?"	1) “Where are you going? - said Ivan Ignatich, catching up with me. - Ivan Kuzmich is on the rampart and sent me for you. The scarecrow has arrived." (A. Pushkin) 2) “Did you fight with him? - I asked. “Circumstances, right, separated you?” (A. Pushkin)
“P... - ah. - P".<.П... - а. - П?»	1) “Wait... - said Morozko gloomily. - Give me a letter. (A. Fadeev) 2) “Wait...,” Lyonka shouted, freeing his flaxen hair from his grandfather’s clumsy, trembling fingers, perking up a little. - As you say? Dust?" (M. Gorky)

3. B in the author's words, tearing direct speech, there can be two verbs with the meaning of speech or thought; the first of them refers to direct speech standing in front in the author's words, second - to direct speech after the author's words. In such cases, before the second part direct speech A colon and a dash are added.

"P,- A: - P".

1) “No, nothing, great,” answered Pavel Petrovich and then added a little: “You can’t deceive your brother, you’ll have to tell him that we quarreled over politics.” (I. Turgenev)

Direct speech within words author

If direct speech is found within the words of the author, then before it after author's words put a colon direct speech is enclosed in quotation marks and is followed by a dash or comma (depending on the context), author's words are written with a small letter.

Dash after direct speech is set if:

b) at the end direct speech there is a question mark, exclamation mark or ellipsis.

A: “P” - a.	One Pushkin line: “I sighed heavily” says more than entire pages of prose or poetry could say. (S. Marshak).
A: “P!” - A.	I turned back, stepped towards her and would certainly say: “Madam!” - if only I didn’t know that this exclamation has already been uttered a thousand times in all Russian high-society novels (F. Dostoevsky)(a dash after the exclamation point that ends direct speech).
A: “P?” - A.	Only then did I straighten up and think: “Why is father walking around the garden?” - when everything around was quiet again (I. Turgenev)(a dash after the question mark that ends direct speech).
A: “P...” - ah.	However, he gradually calmed down, fanned himself with a handkerchief and, saying quite cheerfully: “Well, so...” - he began his speech, interrupted by drinking apricot (M. Bulgakov)(a dash after the ellipsis that ends direct speech).
A: "P", a.	1) I just looked at her, but she turned away and, saying: “Follow me, my page,” went to the outbuilding (I. Turgenev)(a comma closes the adverbial phrase). 2) Father Vasily raised his eyebrows and smoked, blowing smoke from his nose, then said: “Yes, so that’s how it is,” sighed, paused and left (A. Tolstoy)(a comma separates homogeneous predicates connected without a union).

Note. Direct speech is enclosed in quotes if it is written to a string.

If its entry starts on a new line and thus stands out as a paragraph, then a dash is placed in front of it (without quotes). This design is common in printed texts. For example:

1) - My God, Nadya has arrived!- he said and laughed cheerfully.- My dear, my dear! (A. Chekhov)

2) The hair moved on the top of my head, as if someone was blowing from behind, and somehow it burst out from me, involuntarily:

- How old is Aristarkh Platonovich?! (M. Bulgakov)

1. If the author’s words appear inside direct speech (set off in quotation marks), then quotation marks are placed only at the beginning and at the end of direct speech (and are not placed between direct speech and the author’s words: such punctuation was found in the works of writers of the 19th century):

“I came to command,- said Chapaev, - instead of fiddling with papers"(Furm.).

Notes: 1. A special case of punctuation when “breaking” words enclosed in quotation marks (names of literary works, various enterprises, etc.) is found in the following example: “Spade…” is this “…queen”?(interlocutor’s remark in response to the statement that the presented text is an excerpt from “The Queen of Spades”).

2. Direct speech is not highlighted in quotation marks in the following cases:

1) if there is no exact indication of who it belongs to, or if a well-known proverb or saying is given:

They said about Ivashka Brovkin: strong (A.T.); It’s easier to be sick at home and it’s cheaper to live; and it’s not for nothing that it says:houses and walls help(Ch.);

2) if direct speech is given in a form that indirect speech with the same lexical composition can have:

But it occurs to me:Is it really worth telling my life?(T.);

3) if the verb speaks is inserted into the middle of direct speech, playing the role of an introductory word indicating the source of the message:

I will die, he says, and thank God, he says; I don’t want, he says, to live (T.); I say , I want to kill the gendarmerie sergeant himself with a pistol(Versh.);

4) if in the middle of a sentence, which is a message from a periodical press, an indication of the source of the message is inserted (such an insertion is separated by commas):

The speaker's speech the correspondent continues, aroused warm support from the majority of those present.

The same if the speaker’s statement is conveyed approximately (thereby losing the character of direct speech): The proposed project,the speaker indicated, has already been tested in practice.

2. If at the place of the “break” of direct speech with the author’s words there should be no punctuation mark or there should be a comma, semicolon, colon or dash, then the author’s words are highlighted on both sides with commas and a dash, after which the first the word is written with a lowercase letter:

"We decided - the assessor continued,- With your permission to stay here overnight"(P.) - there would be no sign at the place of the “break”; "No, - Ermolai said,— things are not going well; we need to get a boat"(T.) - in place of the “break” there would be a comma; "We'll have to spend the night here,— said Maxim Maksimych,- V You can’t get over the mountains in such a snowstorm.”(L.) - in place of the “break” there would be a colon.

3. If at the place of the “break” of direct speech with the words of the author there should be a dot, then a comma and a dash are placed before these words, and after them - a dot and a dash, and the second part of the direct speech is written with a capital letter:

“I am not connected with anyone or anything,— he reminded himself. —Reality is hostile to me"(M.G.); “You want to cripple me, Lenochka,— Voropaev shook his head.—Well, can I get there?(Paul.)

4. If at the place of the “break” of direct speech with the words of the author there should be an interrogative or exclamatory sign, then this sign is preserved before the words of the author and a dash is placed after it. In this case, the author’s words are written with a lowercase letter, followed by a dot and a dash, and the second part of direct speech is written with a capital letter:

“So your name is Pavka?— Tonya broke the silence. - Why Pavel? It doesn’t sound nice, it’s better Pavel”(BUT.); “Here it is, the end of the world!— exclaimed Mokhov.— Great! I’ve never traveled this far before!”(Already)

5. If at the place of the “break” of direct speech with the words of the author there should be an ellipsis, then it is preserved and a dash is placed after it; after the author’s words, either a comma and a dash are placed (if the second part of direct speech does not form an independent sentence, it is written with a lowercase letter): “Don’t ...” Vershinin said,— No need, boy!(Vs. Iv.); or a dot and a dash (if the second part is a new sentence, it is written with a capital letter): “Wait ... - Morozka said gloomily.- Give me a letter...(F.)

6. If in the author’s words, located inside direct speech, there are two verbs with the meaning of a statement, of which one refers to the first part of direct speech, and the other to the second, then after the author’s words there are placed colon and dash, and the first word of the second part is written with a capital letter:

"I'm not asking you— the officer said sternly and asked again:— Old woman, answer?”(M.G.); “I humbly thank you,— responded Meshkov, humbly took off his cap, but immediately put it on again and bowed, adding hastily:— Thank you very much, comrades"(Fed.).

Formatting direct speech in text allows you to reproduce all the features of live oral speech.

The concept of direct speech and the words of the author

Direct speech is a reproduced utterance of someone else, in which its lexical, syntactic and intonation features are preserved. Direct speech is accompanied by the author’s words, from which it becomes known who the thought belongs to, under what circumstances and how it will be expressed.

The design of direct speech allows you to reproduce all the features of live oral speech: expression, appeals, exclamations, and the like. Direct speech stores not only the content of the statement, but also its lexical, grammatical and stylistic features:

"Vasya! Come here!" - Father shouted from the yard.

Punctuation marks and direct speech

Placing direct speech in quotation marks is a mandatory rule, and quotation marks should include question and exclamation marks, as well as the ellipsis that ends the sentence. The period and comma must be placed outside the quotation marks. However, if the quotation marks already contain a question mark, an exclamation mark, or an ellipsis, then neither a period nor a comma is placed behind the quotation marks. Direct speech can consist of one or more sentences, as well as its parts.

If direct speech is formed in the text, the author’s words may appear before, inside or after it.

• Grandma asks: “What, kids? Do you want some pies?”
• “What, kids?” asks grandma. “Do you want some pies?”
• "What, kids? Do you want some pies?" - asks the grandmother.

You can learn the use of punctuation marks in constructions when formatting direct speech (P, p) with the words of the author (A, a) using the following schemes:

It should be noted that the author’s words are highlighted with a comma and a dash on both sides when they are inside the direct speech expressed by a narrative sentence. If the author’s words end with an indication (added, said, objected, answered) that direct speech continues, the design of the second part should begin with a capital letter; In this case, after the words of the author, you need to put a colon and a dash.

Dialogue

A type of direct speech is dialogue. Dialogue is a conversation between two or more people. The individual messages and questions that make up the dialogue are called replicas. During replicas, the author's words are often absent. In dramatic works, the author's words are called stage directions.

Punctuation marks in dialogues

The dialogue begins with a paragraph and a dash before the line:

- Mother! Does the sun have children?
- Eat.
-Where are they?
- Where? And in the sky... those stars that shine at night are the children of the sun...

In dramatic works, dialogue is written after the name of the character and the period:

Boy: My ears are frozen...
Girl. Put on your hat!

In all cases, the design of direct speech begins with a capital letter.

Transmission of direct speech to indirect

In life and in literature, we often have to replace direct speech with indirect speech, that is, convey it in our own words. A sentence with direct speech then becomes complex, in which the main sentence forms the words of the author, and the subordinate sentence forms direct speech; To connect the main and contract parts, the conjunctions “so that” or “a” are used, as well as pronouns and adverbs:

• "Will you go by boat to Kanev?" — the teacher asked the high school students.
• The teacher asked whether the high school students would go on a boat to Kanev.

The questions expressed by the contract proposal are called indirect; there is no sign at the end of such a sentence.

Someone else's statement, conveyed on behalf of the narrator along with the words of the author, is called indirect speech. When someone else’s statement is conveyed from oneself, that is, indirect speech, then the author’s words are made the main sentence, and direct speech is made subordinate.

Rules for formatting quotations

A quotation is a verbatim excerpt from some work or text to prove or illustrate a particular opinion. The quotation must be placed in quotation marks.

1. Nothing in the quotation can be changed, not even punctuation. When a quotation is not given in full, spaces in it should be indicated by three dots.
   There are two types of citation: in the form of direct speech and in the form of indirect speech.
2. If the quotation is given in the form of direct speech, then the design of punctuation marks for it should be done in the same way as the design of direct speech in writing.
3. If a quotation is given as an integral part of an author’s sentence, then the same requirements apply to it as to indirect speech.
4. If a quotation is presented in the form of a verse, then it is not placed in quotation marks.

Rules of Russian spelling and punctuation. Complete academic reference book Lopatin Vladimir Vladimirovich

Punctuation marks for direct speech

§ 133. Direct speech, i.e., the speech of another person, included in the author’s text and reproduced verbatim, is formatted in two ways.

1. If direct speech is included in a line (in a selection), then it is enclosed in quotation marks: « I regret that I didn't know your father“,” she said after a while. - He must have been very kind, very serious, loved you very much" Luzhin remained silent(Eb.).

2. If direct speech begins with a paragraph, then a dash is placed in front of it (there are no quotation marks):

Fedya and Kuzma were silent. Kuzma quietly winked at Fedya, and they went out into the street.

- This is what I came for: Did the Lyubavins come from mowing?

- We've arrived.

- Take Yasha and wait for me here. I'll pop home in a minute(Shuksh.).

Both methods of formatting direct speech can be combined if the speech of one person also includes the direct speech of another person:

- Did I say so?

- Oh, terrible fool!(Bond.).

- Did you have a dream?

- I saw it. It’s as if my father and I went to trade a horse, we both liked one horse, my father blinks at me: “ Jump and ride» (Shuksh.).

§ 134. If direct speech is worth before introducing it in the author's words, then after direct speech a comma and a dash are placed, and the author’s words begin with a lowercase letter: “We understand everything perfectly, Nikolai Vasilyevich,” Solodovnikov quipped to himself, sitting down on a white stool.(Shuksh.). If after direct speech there is a question mark, exclamation mark or ellipsis, then these marks are preserved and a comma is not placed; the author’s words, as in the first case, begin with a lowercase letter: “Yes, I should have said goodbye!..” - he realized when the covered car was already climbing up(Shuksh.); “My blue-eyed guardian angel, why are you looking at me with such sad anxiety?” - Krymov wanted to say ironically(Bond.).

If direct speech is worth after the author's words, then these words end with a colon; punctuation marks after direct speech are preserved: I I tell him: “Don’t cry, Egor, don’t”(Spread); Philip mechanically moved the steering oar and kept thinking: “Maryushka, Marya...”(Shuksh.); I wanted to quickly get to the “office”, quickly pick up the phone, quickly hear the voice familiar to Dolin: “Is that you? It’s necessary, huh?”(Sol.).

1. If at the rupture site turns out exclamation or question mark, then it is saved, followed by a dash before the words of the author (with lowercase letters), after these words a dot and a dash are placed; the second part of direct speech begins with a capital letter: “Do I now give happiness to many people, as I did before? - thought Kiprensky. “Is it really only fools who try to arrange the well-being of their lives?”(Paust.); “Yes, be quiet! - ordered the duty officer. “Can you be quiet?!”(Shuksh.).

2. If at the rupture site there should be direct speech ellipses, then it is saved and a dash is placed after it; after the author’s words, a comma and a dash are placed if the second part of direct speech is not an independent sentence, or a dot and a dash if the second part of direct speech is an independent sentence; the second part of direct speech begins with a lowercase or capital letter, respectively: “Probably the mistress is having a fit...,” Mashenka thought, “or she had a fight with her husband...”(Ch.); “Wait...,” Lenka shouted, freeing his flaxen hair from his grandfather’s clumsy, trembling fingers, perking up a little. - As you say? Dust?"(M.G.).

3. If at the rupture site direct speech there should be no punctuation mark or there should be mid-sentence marks: comma, semicolon, colon, dash, then the author’s words are highlighted with a comma and a dash; the second part of direct speech begins with a lowercase letter: “You can’t understand,” I whisper, calling Ruslan into the next room and closing the door, “because we are different creatures.”(Trif.); “So, it’s wilted a little, on one side,” Asya giggled in a youthful way, wrinkles scattering across her face, “like a stale apple.”(Trif.); “Suddenly you sow,” Semyon thought, “and ordinary barley grows. Most likely this will happen."(Sol.); “Yes, something is biting badly,” said Fog, “it hurts when it’s hot.”(T.); “But how will you play,” Darwin said in response to his thoughts, “that, of course, is the question.”(Eb.).

4. If at the rupture site there should be direct speech dot, then a comma and a dash are placed before the author’s words, and a dot and a dash are placed after these words; the second part of direct speech begins with a capital letter: “They were disbanded before the verdict,” Dvornik said. “They will announce it tomorrow at nine o’clock in the evening.”(Trif.).

5. If the author's words break apart within the meaning of into two parts, which relate to different parts of direct speech, then if other conditions are met, a colon and a dash are placed after the author’s words: “Ehma... - hopelessly sighed Gavrila in response to a stern order And bitterly added: “My fate is lost!”(M.G.); “Don't touch the uniform! - ordered Lermontov and added, not at all angry, but even with some curiosity: “Are you going to listen to me or not?”(Paust.); “Have you ever smelled copper on your hands? - asked unexpectedly the engraver and, without waiting for an answer, winced and continued: - Poisonous, disgusting"(Paust.).

§ 136. If direct speech turns out to be inside the author's words, then it is enclosed in quotation marks and preceded by a colon; direct speech begins with a capital letter. After direct speech, punctuation marks are placed as follows:

a) a comma is placed if it was necessary at the break in the author’s introductory words: Saying, “See you soon,” she quickly left the room.;

b) a dash is placed if there is no punctuation mark at the break in the author’s introductory words: Overcoming awkwardness, he muttered a student witticism: “My grandmother fell ill with measles” - and wanted to give the conversation that had begun a casual lightness(Bond.);

c) a dash is placed if direct speech ends with an ellipsis, question mark or exclamation mark: The children expected him to praise them, but the grandfather, shaking his head, said: “This stone has been lying here for many years, this is where it belongs...” - and told about the feat of three Soviet intelligence officers(Dry); Pyotr Mikhailych wanted to say: “Please don’t get involved in your own affairs!” - but remained silent(Ch.); She[dog] stops. I repeat: “What is said?” - and I keep it on the counter for a long time(Priv.);

d) if direct speech is directly included in the author’s sentence as its member, then it is enclosed in quotation marks, and punctuation marks are placed according to the terms of the author’s sentence: Having told Grichmar the phrase “There is no easy life, there is only an easy death,” Krymov caught Stishov’s restless, warning glance(Bond.).

Note. Direct speech is not highlighted in quotation marks:

a) if there is no precise indication of who it belongs to (direct speech is introduced by an impersonal or vaguely personal sentence): It’s not for nothing that they say: the master’s work is afraid(last); They said about him: strict, but fair;

b) if an introductory word is inserted into direct speech speaks indicating the source of the message: He says, I want to finish college and get a profession.; or if a direct indication of the source of the message is framed as an introductory construction: The scientist's article, the critic reports, aroused great public interest.

§ 137. If direct speech belongs to different persons, then each replica is highlighted separately in quotation marks:

a) replicas are separated from each other by a dash: “Is the samovar ready?” - “Not yet...” - “Why? Someone came there." - “Avdotya Gavrilovna”(M.G.);

b) if one of the remarks is accompanied by introducing author’s words, then the next one is not separated by a dash: “You’re a widow, aren’t you?” - he asked quietly. "Third year". - “How long were you married?” - “A year and five months...”(M.G.);

c) a dot and a dash are placed between replicas belonging to different persons and equipped with different author’s words: As he passed by, he said, “Don’t forget to buy tickets.” “I’ll try,” I replied.; if the first replica contains exclamation or question marks, the period is omitted: Passing by, he shouted: “Cheer up!” “I’ll try,” I replied.;

d) a comma and a dash are placed between remarks belonging to different persons, but united by a common author’s sentence: When the clerk said: “It would be good, master, to do this and that,” “Yes, not bad,” he usually answered.(G.); if the first replica contains exclamation or question marks, the comma is omitted: When I asked, “Why do you wear a carpet on your back?” “I’m cold,” he replied.; the same with a different arrangement of parts of the author’s sentence: When I asked, “Why do you wear a carpet on your back?” - he replied: “I’m cold”(Current.).

§ 138. When paragraph allocation lines of dialogue is placed before the replica dash; After the author's words preceding the dialogue, a colon or period is placed. If the author’s text contains words introducing direct speech, then a colon is placed after them; if there are no such words, then a dot is added:

Carmen took her hand away; the unfinished beat froze with a questioning ringing.

“I’ll finish the game,” she said.

- When?

- When you're with me(Green).

The telegraph operator, a strict, dry woman, having read the telegram, suggested:

- Make it up differently. You are an adult, not in kindergarten.

- Why? - asked the Weird. - I always write to her like this in letters. This is my wife!.. You probably thought...

- You can write whatever you want in letters, but a telegram is a type of communication. This is clear text.

The weirdo rewrote(Shuksh.).

The same with a single replica:

Shatsky walked around the room.

- Stuffiness, stuffiness! - he muttered. - The evenings here cause asthma(Paust.).

His eyes are lowered to his plate. Then he raised them to Nadya, ordinary blue eyes, smiled and said quietly:

- Excuse me. It's my fault. This is childish of me(Sol.).

§ 139. Paragraph and non-paragraph (with the help of quotation marks) highlighting of direct speech is used differentially. If the text alternates between external speech (addressed to the interlocutor) and internal speech (thought to oneself), then external speech is formatted using paragraph highlighting, and internal speech is formatted using quotation marks:

- Hm-yes. Well, you're right. Business cannot be exchanged for idleness. Go ahead and draw your triangles.

Nadya looked pleadingly into Ivan’s eyes. “Well, what’s so scary about that,” I wanted to tell her. - Tomorrow will be a new evening, we can go to the White Mountains. And the day after tomorrow. But it’s not my fault if I promised two weeks ago.”(Sol.).

And after my words, he smiled from ear to ear (his mouth was just from ear to ear) and joyfully agreed:

- Okay, then let's go.

“Here I’ll show you, let’s go,” - I thought to myself (Sol.).

Only the inner ( thought to myself) speech in the author’s text, outside of dialogue:

Kuzma looked where they pointed. There, on the slope of another slope, mowers walked in a chain. Behind them, the mown grass remained in even lines - beautiful. “One of them is Marya,” - Kuzma thought calmly (Shuksh.); Kuzma looked at her with joy. “What else was I, a fool, looking for?” - he thought (Shuksh.).

From the book Handbook of the Russian Language. Punctuation author Rosenthal Dietmar Elyashevich

SECTION 1 Punctuation marks at the end of a sentence and during a break in speech § 1. Period 1. The period is placed at the end of a complete narrative sentence: A dark leaden mass is crawling towards the sun. Lightning flashes here and there in red zigzags. Distant can be heard

From the book Handbook of Spelling and Stylistics author Rosenthal Dietmar Elyashevich

SECTION 14 Punctuation marks for direct speech § 47. Direct speech after the author’s words 1. Direct speech is highlighted in quotation marks if it goes in a line (in a selection): Vladimir Sergeevich... looked at his man with bewilderment and said in a hasty whisper: “Go find out who This"

From the book Handbook of Spelling, Pronunciation, Literary Editing author Rosenthal Dietmar Elyashevich

§ 49. Author's words inside direct speech 1. If the author's words are inside direct speech (highlighted by quotation marks), then quotation marks are placed only at the beginning and at the end of direct speech and are not placed between direct speech and the author's words (such punctuation was found in works

From the book Rules of Russian Spelling and Punctuation. Complete Academic Reference author Lopatin Vladimir Vladimirovich

§ 52. Paragraphs for direct speech 1. If first there is a text from the author (introductory part, description, etc.), and then a sentence introducing direct speech, then it usually begins with the paragraph: He grabbed the pole, told Dina to hold it and useful It broke off twice—the block was in the way. Supported

From the book Rock Encyclopedia. Popular music in Leningrad-Petersburg, 1965–2005. Volume 1 author Burlaka Andrey Petrovich

SECTION 21 Punctuation marks in texts and colloquial speech Various difficulties arise in the punctuation of colloquial texts. In some cases, it seems possible to find some relationships between the structures of colloquial speech and

From the author's book

XX. Punctuation marks at the end of a sentence and during a break in speech § 75. Period 1. The period is placed at the end of a complete narrative sentence, for example: The shadow was thinning. The East is red. The Cossack fire burned (Pushkin). Note. A period is not placed at the end of a sentence after a period,

From the author's book

XXXI. Punctuation marks for direct speech § 119. Direct speech after the author's words Direct speech is highlighted in quotation marks if it goes into a line (in a selection), for example: A stunning news burst into a small town like a whirlwind: “The Tsar has been overthrown!” (N. Ostrovsky). If direct speech begins with

From the author's book

§ 121. Author's words inside direct speech If the author's words are inside direct speech, highlighted by quotation marks, then the latter are placed only at the beginning and at the end of direct speech and are not placed between direct speech and the author's words. For example: “I came to command,” said

From the author's book

XX. PUNCTION MARKS AT THE END OF SENTENCES AND WHEN SPEECH BREAKS § 75. Period 1. The period is placed at the end of a complete narrative sentence, for example: The shadow was thinning. The East is red. The Cossack fire burned (Pushkin). Note. A period is not placed at the end of a sentence after a period,

From the author's book

XXXI. PUNCTION MARKS FOR DIRECT SPEECH § 119. Direct speech after the author's words1. Direct speech is highlighted in quotation marks if it goes into a line (in a selection), for example: Remember often the words of L. Tolstoy: “A person has only responsibilities.” If direct speech begins with a paragraph, then

From the author's book

§ 121. Author's words inside direct speech 1. If the author's words are inside direct speech, highlighted by quotation marks, then the latter are placed only at the beginning and at the end of direct speech and are not placed between direct speech and the author's words, for example: “I can read, - first again

From the author's book

PUNCIPATION MARKS AT THE END AND AT THE BEGINNING OF SENTENCES. ENDING SIGNS IN THE MIDDLE OF A SENTENCE Punctuation marks at the end of a sentence § 1. Depending on the purpose of the message, the presence or absence of emotional overtones of the statement, a period is placed at the end of the sentence

From the author's book

PUNCTION MARKS FOR DIRECT SPEECH AND QUOTES

From the author's book

Punctuation marks for direct speech § 133. Direct speech, that is, the speech of another person included in the author's text and reproduced verbatim, is formatted in two ways.1. If direct speech comes in a line (in a selection), then it is enclosed in quotation marks: “I regret that I did not know your father,”

From the author's book

the relationship between direct speech and the author's words direct speech before the author's words § 134 direct speech after the author's words § 134 the author's words break direct speech § 135, paragraphs. 1, 2, 4, 5 the author’s words fall into two parts § 135, paragraph 5 direct speech within the author’s words § 136 direct speech belonging to

From the author's book

PUNCTUAL MARKS The group PUNCTION MARKS was born in June 1988 as a peculiar reaction to the change in musical direction in the popular St. Petersburg group of the second half of the 80s THE YOUNGER BROTHERS - from melodic neo-romanticism and electropop towards hard guitar