Georgy Evgenievich Lvov's contribution to the revolution. King for a day

Georgy Evgenievich Lvov was born on November 2, 1861 (October 21, old style). Pedigree of Prince Lvov G.E. goes back to the deep roots of Russian history - he is Rurikovich and an aristocrat of the “highest standard.” He belonged to the ancient Lvov family. Father - Prince Evgeny Alexandrovich Lvov (1831-1878), mother - Zoya Dmitrievna Bibikova (1840-1906). The family, by noble standards, was not rich.

In 1885 G.E. Lvov graduated from the Faculty of Law of Moscow University. Since 1886 he worked in the Tula District Court. In 1900, he was one of the leaders of the zemstvo movement in Tula, chairman of the Tula provincial zemstvo government (1903-1905), and a participant in the zemstvo congresses of 1904-1905.

During the Russian-Japanese War of 1904-1905. became the chief representative of all-zem organizations to provide assistance to Russian soldiers in Manchuria. This activity brought him fame throughout Russia. At this time, his ideological and political views were finally formed. He was a supporter of broad democratic reforms, the priority of which was the introduction of broad political freedoms, the creation of a system of local self-government with extensive functions and greater rights, and the formation of a special qualifications advisory body under the tsar. In his opinion, a brake on the way social development It was not the autocracy that appeared to Russia, but the tsarist bureaucracy.

In 1905 he became a deputy of the First State Duma from the Tula province. According to his ideological and political views, he aligned himself with the Cadets; according to some information, at the end of 1905 he joined the Cadet Party, then left it, as his differences with the Cadets on a number of issues were discovered. Leader of the Cadet Party P.N. Miliukov named G.E. Lvov as a "dubious cadet". He was highly respected in the First Duma, but did not shine with his oratorical talents and almost never appeared on the Duma tribune. He was defeated in the elections to the Second Duma.

In 1908, he took an active part in organizing the resettlement movement to Siberia. From 1907, he was a member of various Masonic organizations, which contributed to his further political career and election to the post of Prime Minister of the first Provisional Government.

During the First World War, G.E. Lvov became chairman of the All-Russian Zemstvo Union for Assistance to Sick and Wounded Soldiers (VZS). The VZS supplied the army with surgical materials and dressings, selected medical personnel, and organized hospitals and warehouses. In 1915, the All-Russian Zemstvo Union merged with another organization - the All-Russian Union of Cities into the Zemstvo-City Union (Zemgor). G.E. Lvov became one of the leaders of the Zemgor Joint Committee.

During February Revolution on the night of March 1 to 2, 1917, the Provisional Committee of the State Duma, together with the Petrograd Soviet, compiled a list of members of the Provisional Government headed by G.E. Lvov. On March 2, Nicholas II, at the suggestion of the Provisional Committee of the State Duma, issued a decree appointing G.E. Lvov Chairman of the Council of Ministers. On March 3, 1917, newspapers published an official message about the creation of the Provisional Government headed by G.E. Lvov. But already at the first meeting of the Provisional Government, the ministers experienced disappointment, according to the testimony of the Minister of Foreign Affairs P.N. Miliukov, members of the government “did not feel a leader in front of them. Prince [Lvov] was evasive and cautious: he reacted to events in soft, vague forms and got off with general phrases.”

The first measures of the Provisional Government were of a general democratic nature: a complete amnesty for all political prisoners, the introduction of democratic freedoms, the abolition of all class, religious and national legal restrictions, the holding of general elections to local governments and the preparation of elections to the Constituent Assembly. But already at the very beginning of the activities of the Provisional Government, there was obvious confusion, a lack of political will and a well-thought-out specific program of action, the incompetence of a number of members of the Provisional Government in resolving political, military, and financial issues, and the strong dependence of the Provisional Government on the Soviets. Soon the inability of G.E. Lvov's leadership in the work of the Provisional Government became obvious to everyone.

In April, after a statement by Foreign Minister P.N. Miliukov's intention to continue the war to a victorious end, the first government crisis broke out. At the request of the public, the unpopular Minister of War and Navy A.I. Guchkov and Foreign Minister P.N. Miliukov were dismissed. At the suggestion of the head of government G.E. In Lvov, the first coalition government was formed; it included representatives of socialist parties. It seemed that a coalition government consisting of representatives of the two leading political forces would be able to establish constructive work, but it soon became clear that there was no close interaction between the members of the coalition Provisional Government. The authority of the Provisional Government was steadily declining. In July 1917, due to the failure of the June offensive of the Russian army on Southwestern Front A second government crisis broke out. On July 3-5, mass demonstrations took place in Petrograd demanding the resignation of the government.

On July 7, 1917, the first coalition government headed by Minister-Chairman G.E. Lvov resigned. In mid-July G.E. Lvov left to seek peace in Optina Pustyn. After the October Revolution, he moved to Siberia from persecution by the Bolsheviks, hoping to get lost there.

In February 1918 G.E. Lvov was identified in Tyumen and arrested, but he managed to escape. At the beginning of October 1917 he emigrated to the USA. He tried to obtain military and financial assistance to fight the Bolsheviks from the governments of the USA and Great Britain, but received nothing. After this G.E. Lvov moved to Paris. With his direct participation, the “Russian Political Conference” was formed, which became one of the main anti-Soviet foreign centers. In Paris G.E. Lvov managed to obtain significant financial resources from the tsarist government’s money stored in foreign banks. Using these funds, he organized a “Labor Bureau” to help distressed emigrants from Russia. G.E. Lvov did a lot for those in need, he lived modestly, but the emigration did not respect him, considering him one of the main culprits of what happened to Russia.

G.E. Lviv with parents and sister

Prince Georgy Lvov. Returning the name

Prince Lvov Georgy Evgenievich, an outstanding Russian statesman, political and public figure, head of the Provisional Government of Russia, an active participant in the zemstvo movement.
Born in Dresden. Various Russian and foreign reference books and encyclopedias indicate the date of birth of Prince Lvov - October 21 (old style) or November 2 (new style) 1861. However, in recent years publications have appeared in which, based on new archival research, a different date of birth is named - November 18 (old style) or November 30 (new style).
Childhood of G.E. Lvov and his brothers took place on the Popovka estate in the Aleksinsky district of the Tula province. After graduating from high school, Lvov studied at the Faculty of Law of Moscow University, and upon graduation he worked as a member of the provincial presence in Tula.
In 1892, his participation in the zemstvo movement began in Aleksinsky district.
Prince Lvov was elected chairman of the Tula provincial zemstvo government (1903-1906), deputy of the First State Duma from the Tula province.
G.E. Lvov was one of the founders of the Joint Committee of the Zemstvo-City Union (Zemgora), of which he was chairman since 1915. In 1914-1918, he was chairman of the All-Russian Zemstvo Union.
In 1917, during the February Revolution, he was elected to the post of head of the Provisional Government.
In July 1917, Prince Lvov resigned.
Lvov never thought about revolution, was a supporter of peaceful struggle, and advocated democratic changes carried out only on the initiative of the tsar. He imagined the future of Russia in the form of a monarchy with ministers responsible to the legally elected people's representatives. When he was asked the question: “Wouldn’t it have been better to refuse?” (to head the government), he answered: “I could not help but go there.”
With the coming to power of the Bolsheviks G.E. Lvov fled to Tyumen, where he was arrested in February 1918 and transported to Yekaterinburg. He fled again, and already in Omsk, having contacted representatives white movement, left in October 1918 for the USA.
In December 1918, Prince Lvov left for France via London, where he continued his active political and social activities.
In 1920 in Paris, under the chairmanship of Prince G.E. Lvov, the Association of Zemstvo and City Leaders in France was created, the main goal of which was to provide assistance to Russian emigrants in France, the “Russian Zemstvo-City Relief Committee” was created Russian citizens abroad". The chairman of the new association was G.E. Lviv.
Prince G.E. died Lvov at the age of 64 on March 6, 1925 in Paris. He was buried in the Vyrubov family grave at the Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois cemetery.
The ZEMGOR organization, created by the prince in 1921 in Paris, still exists (Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Paris Zemgor, Yu. A. Trubnikov).

LVOV, GEORGEY EVGENIEVICH(1861–1925) – Russian public and statesman, head of the Russian Provisional Government in March-June 1917, an active participant in the zemstvo movement.

Born October 21, 1861 in Dresden. Descends from the appanage Yaroslavl princes and their main ancestor - Lev Danilovich Zubatov-Yaroslavsky, in the 14th century. served as Grand Duke Tversky Ivan Mikhailovich. His father, E.V. Lvov, became famous for his liberal views; became involved in the management of his own estates only after 1861, when they became very impoverished and brought in almost no income. Mother, Varvara Alekseevna, came from a family of small landed nobles. Lvov and his brothers spent their childhood on the Popovka estate in Tula province; when the children grew up, the family moved to Moscow. After graduating from high school in 1880–1885, he studied at the Faculty of Law of Moscow University, and upon graduation in 1886–1889 he worked as a member of the provincial presence in Tula. Here he stood up for the peasants who were cruelly punished by the boss, which led to his break with the local authorities and his resignation.

In February 1900 he was elected zemstvo chief in the Moscow district. He combined work with economic activities on the estate, which began to generate income. In 1900 he became chairman of the Tula Zemstvo Council, at the same time he married Count. Yu.A. Bobrinskaya (died 1903). A neo-Slavophile in his political views, he quickly became an active participant in the zemstvo movement at the beginning of the 20th century. organized the fight against hunger.

During During the Russo-Japanese War, he was a member of a commission of 360 authorized representatives from 14 provincial zemstvo organizations, which went to Manchuria to organize mobile medical centers for Russian soldiers. His assistance to the army commander, General A.N. Kuropatkin, in organizing hospitals for the wounded in Harbin and transporting them from the battlefields is known.

After returning to Moscow at the end of 1904, he took part in the First All-Zemstvo Congress, as well as in the subsequent six congresses of the Zemstvo people in 1904–1905. In May 1905, he was part of a delegation from zemstvo organizations received by Tsar Nicholas II: the delegation was sent to convey the “address” from the chairmen of provincial governments and zemstvo councilors, as well as members of city dumas regarding the convening of a representative body of power. A convinced Tolstoyan, Lvov considered his main task to be promoting “the gradual renewal of the social system in order to eliminate the dominance of violence from it and establish conditions favorable to the benevolent unity of people.”

After the promulgation of the Manifesto on October 17, S.Yu. Witte offered Lvov the post of Minister of Agriculture, but he refused, considering the Manifesto “the great lie of the time.” He was elected from the bloc of cadets and Octobrists of the Tula province. B I State Duma, and after its dissolution – in II State Duma. As a deputy, he participated in charity events to help starving and low-income fire victims. Shared some of the ideas of P.A. Stolypin, during the years of whose premiership he was sent to Irkutsk to provide assistance to settlers (1908). In 1909 he published a book Amur region, in which he criticized the Russian authorities for their inability to provide for the living conditions of migrants, and at his own expense he went to Canada to study the resettlement business. In 1912, his candidacy for the post of Moscow city mayor was rejected by the Minister of Internal Affairs, who saw “poison of anti-government propaganda” in Lvov’s public speeches.

With the outbreak of the First World War, Lvov, having shown himself as a man of remarkable organizational abilities, headed the All-Russian Zemstvo Union for Assistance to Sick and Wounded Soldiers (VZS), and after the merger of this union with the All-Russian Union of Cities (VSG) and the creation of the so-called Zemgora, he headed it. In a short period of time, this organization of assistance to the army with an annual budget of 600 million rubles. became the main public institution involved in equipping hospitals and ambulance trains, supplying clothing and footwear for the army (it was in charge of 75 trains and 3 thousand hospitals, in which over 2.5 million sick and wounded soldiers and officers were treated).

In August 1915, Lvov was included in the list of the “government of trust” compiled by members of the Progressive Bloc as a contender for the post of Minister of Internal Affairs. In September 1915, he participated in a congress of zemstvo leaders in Moscow, which discussed the issue of helping refugees. A year later, in December 1916, at a meeting of Zemstvo members he called for the creation of a “responsible government” under the monarch. According to the memoirs of contemporaries (A.I. Guchkov and others), at the end of 1916 he proposed a plan “ palace coup“, according to which changes in the management system were to be made by the leader. book Nikolai Nikolaevich, in whose government, if one was created, Lvov was ready to join.

IN February revolution 1917 was nominated by the Duma for the post of head of the Provisional Government (his main rival for the appointment to this post was M.V. Rodzianko, but Lvov’s candidacy was promoted by the leader of the cadets P.N. Milyukov). As the head of the Provisional Government, from March 2, 1917, Lvov also assumed the powers of the Minister of Internal Affairs. On March 6, by his order, the functions of provincial and district authorities began to be performed by the chairmen of zemstvo councils as “commissars” of the government.

Under conditions of dual power, in a disintegrating state, Lvov’s cabinet declared an amnesty to all prisoners, abolished the death penalty, national and religious restrictions, introduced a grain monopoly, and began preparations for the convening of the Constituent Assembly. Land committees on agrarian legislation began to work actively, the independence of Finland was returned, and negotiations began with Poland, Ukraine, and Lithuania on self-determination. Lvov considered the councils of workers’ deputies “an annoying nuisance” and not a “second power.” However, on April 27, 1917, at a meeting of the Provisional Government, he put forward the idea of ​​a “coalition with the socialists.” Refusing to understand such an act of his and preferring “firm power”, the ministers P.N. Milyukov And A.I. Guchkov left the Lvov government on May 5.

But the new coalition government with socialist ministers only weakened the government apparatus and could not cope with the growing peasant unrest that marked May 1917. Moreover, the offensive on the front, for which Lvov hoped for success, ended in defeat. On July 7, 1917, he resigned, went to Moscow and from there retired to Optina Pustyn. Lvov never thought about revolution, was a supporter of peaceful struggle (his contemporaries called him a master of compromise); advocated democratic reforms carried out only on the initiative of the tsar. He imagined the future of Russia in the form of a monarchy with ministers responsible to the legally elected people's representatives. When he was asked the question: “Wouldn’t it have been better to refuse?” (to head the government), he answered: “I could not help but go there.”

With the Bolsheviks coming to power, he fled to Tyumen, where he was arrested in February 1918 and transported to Yekaterinburg. He fled again, this time to Omsk, contacted representatives of the white movement, with their help he left for America in October 1918, where he met with President Wilson. In 1919, with the aim of participating in the Paris Peace Conference, he became the organizer of the convocation of the Russian Political Conference of former Russian ambassadors of Tsarist Russia, leaders of the white movement and emigrants. But his powers were not recognized by the Allied powers. In April 1920, he opened the Labor Exchange for Russian emigrants using Zemgor's funds, some of which were in foreign banks in Paris. In the same city he died on March 6, 1925.

Irina Pushkareva

Lvov Georgy Evgenievich (1861-1925), prince, first prime minister of the Russian Provisional Government (March - July 1917).

Born on November 2, 1861 in Dresden (Germany), a landowner in the Tula province. After graduating from high school, he received a law degree from Moscow University (1885) and began serving in the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Having been in the position of an indispensable member of the provincial presence in Tula since 1891, he came into conflict with the local administration and resigned in 1893. After this, he was elected to the executive bodies of the Tula zemstvo, in 1903-1906. was the chairman of the Tula district zemstvo government.

During the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) he headed the council of authorized zemstvo organizations to provide assistance to the wounded.

In 1906 he entered the 1st State Duma and for some time was a member of the Cadet Party.

In 1908, during agrarian reform P. A. Stolypin, tried to provide assistance to the displaced.

First world war Lvov was the chairman of the All-Russian Zemstvo Union and one of the chairmen of Zemgor (the joint committee of the Zemstvo Union and the Union of Cities), which assisted the government in organizing supplies for the army.

After the February Revolution of 1917, Lvov became the head of the Provisional Government and Minister of Internal Affairs. But in conditions of dual power, his attempts to reorganize local governments led to a weakening of the government apparatus. When in July 1917 the Socialist ministers published a program of reforms (“Declaration of the Provisional Government”), Lvov announced his resignation and retired to Optina Pustyn near the city of Kozelsk (now in the Kaluga region).

Having learned about the October Revolution, he left for Tyumen, where in February 1918 he was arrested.
After that, he was in prison in Yekaterinburg for three months, but managed to escape. Having left for the USA, he tried unsuccessfully to get weapons and money for the army from President Wilson.

Then he moved to Paris, where in 1918 he headed the Russian Political Conference. In 1920 he retired from political activity. Despite poverty, he helped Russian refugees in need.

Material from Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia

Lvov
Description of the coat of arms: Princely coat of arms of Lvov The coat of arms of the Lvov princes is completely similar to the coats of arms of the surnames of other Yaroslavl princes, having on the middle, small shield the Yaroslavl coat of arms - to indicate common origin, and in the four divisions of the main coat of arms, two repetitions of the coats of arms of the Kyiv and Smolensk principalities, in a checkerboard pattern - also to indicate kinship with the ancestors of the houses, whose members hereditarily occupied the thrones of Kyiv and Smolensk, as the offspring of Monomakh.
Volume and sheet of the General Armorial:	V, 3
Title:
Part of the genealogy book:
Nationality:
Russia
Names:
Palaces and mansions:

Lvov- a branch of the Yaroslavl princes that continues to this day, descending from Prince Lev Danilovich, nicknamed Zubaty, a descendant of Rurik in the 18th generation.

His son Vasily Lvovich and his sons left for Lithuania. The descendants of his two brothers Dmitry Lvovich Vekoshka and Andrei Lvovich Lugovka were nicknamed respectively Zubatov-Vekoshkin And Zubatov-Lugovkin. From the second half of the 16th century, representatives of both branches began to be called princes Lvov.

From the Lvov family, previously unnoticeable, several boyars and okolnichy emerged during the reign of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and his children. IN late XVII centuries, representatives of the Lvov family served as stewards, solicitors, tenants, and participated in numerous wars and battles. In the battle of Narva in 1700 alone, six princes of Lvov were killed.

Throughout the 18th century, the Lvovs were again barely noticeable, and their younger branch was completely suppressed. They again attracted attention during the 19th century.

Vekoshkins (senior branch)

• Prince Dmitry Lvovich Vekoshka
  • Fedor Dmitrievich Bolshoi, his eldest son, died in the Kazan campaign of 1545.
  • Andrey Dmitrievich, the younger brother of the previous one, the successor of the family.
    • • Prince Matvey Danilovich, grandson of the previous one, was a governor in Tobolsk (1592), Vologda (1597) and Verkhoturye (1601).
        • • Prince Ivan Dmitrievich, grandnephew of the previous one, served as governor in Tyumen in 1635-1639.
            • Prince Alexey Mikhailovich, nephew of the previous one, boyar and ambassador to different countries, signed the letter of election of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov to the kingdom. Nephews of Alexey Mikhailovich:
              • Dmitry Petrovich(d. 1660), boyar (1655), repeatedly participated in receptions of various embassies and in diplomatic negotiations;
              • Semyon Petrovich(d. 1659), steward (from 1625), governor in Voronezh (1630-1631), in Belgorod () and Livny (1647), from 1652 okolnichy; was captured near Konotop and soon died from his wounds.
              • Vasily Petrovich(d. 1659) - governor in Arkhangelsk (1636), in Putivl (1643-1645) and Pskov in (1650-1651) during the Pskov uprising, participant in the Russian-Polish war of 1654-1667.
                • His son Mikhail Vasilievich(d. 1676), steward, was in charge of the Printing House in Moscow, opposed the church reform of Patriarch Nikon; in 1655 he was exiled to the Solovetsky Monastery.
            • Prince Stepan Fedorovich, nephew of Ivan Dmitrievich (and cousin of Alexei Mikhailovich) was a governor in Nizhny Novgorod(1675-1676); since 1677 okolnichy.
              • His nephew Mikhail Nikitich(† in the city), boyar, since 1689 chief judge of the Zemsky Prikaz.

Lviv of modern times

In the 18th century, the senior line split into two branches, the founders of which were the grandchildren of the okolnichy Stepan Fedorovich, the sons of Prince Yakov Stepanovich.

• Prince Semyon Sergeevich Lvov(in 1786), great-grandson of Prince Stepan Fedorovich (see above); from 1775 he served as a prosecutor in the Tambov, Kaluga and Tula provinces; married to Elizaveta Nikitichna Ievleva.
  • His daughter Maria Semyonovna(1765-1839), married to Bakhmeteva, favorite of Count Alexei Orlov-Chesmensky, mistress of the Mikhailovskoye estate near Moscow.
  • Her brother Vladimir Semyonovich(1771-1829) during the war of 1812 he served in the Moscow militia and was a participant in the Battle of Borodino. In 1813 he retired with the rank of lieutenant colonel; in 1828-29. was the Klin district leader of the nobility. Known as a master of watercolor painting. In 1807 he acquired an estate in the village from E.P. Lopukhina. Spasskoye-Teleshovo, Klinsky district, Moscow province, which became the family nest of this branch of the family.
    • Of his sons the most famous Vladimir Vladimirovich(1805-1856), writer, state councilor (1847). From 1836 he was an official in the office of the Moscow civil governor, and in 1847-50 a deputy of the Moscow noble assembly. In 1850-52, the censor of the Moscow Censorship Committee was fired for allowing the publication of I. S. Turgenev’s “Notes of a Hunter” as a separate edition. Author of numerous essays, stories, fairy tales and stories for children. He created on his estates and maintained at his own expense a number of schools and hospitals for peasants. Married to Sofya Alekseevna Perovskaya, illegitimate daughter of Count A.K. Razumovsky.
    • His brother Dmitry Vladimirovich(1810-1875), publicist, author of the brochure “The Liberation of Landowner Peasants through Liquidation District Offices” (1859).
    • Another brother Georgy Vladimirovich(1821-1873), lawyer, actual state councilor. He graduated from the School of Law in St. Petersburg (1842), served in the Senate, and from 1855 in the Naval Department. He participated in the preparation and implementation of the reform of the Naval Ministry, carried out under the leadership of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich, and compiled a note on the situation of the cantonists (the facts it contained contributed to the destruction of this institution).
    • The fourth of the brothers - Evgeniy Vladimirovich(1817-1896) - was close to the Slavophiles, was friends with L.N. Tolstoy. Sons:
      • Georgy Evgenievich(1861-1925), Minister-Chairman of the Provisional Government;
      • Alexey Evgenievich(1850-1937), chamberlain (1903). He graduated from the Faculty of Law of Moscow University (1874), served in the Ministry of Justice, from 1892 secretary of the Council of the Moscow Art Society, from 1894 inspector, and in 1896-1917 director of the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture;
      • Vladimir Evgenievich(1851-1920), diplomat, served in The Hague, Madrid, Bucharest. In 1901-1916, director of the Moscow Main Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, honorary guardian of the Board of Trustees of the Department of Institutions of Empress Maria, member of the board of the Elizabethan Institute in Moscow;
      • Sergey Evgenievich(1859-1937), entrepreneur, owner and head of the company “Pozhevsky factories of Prince S. E. Lvov” (metallurgical industry); three of his sons were shot in 1937; daughter Elena lived in France and was engaged in icon painting.
  • Dmitry Semyonovich(1775-1834), younger brother of Vladimir Semenovich, major general (1815), participated in the Russian-Swedish war of 1788-1790 and the Patriotic War of 1812.
    • Alexander Dmitrievich(1800-1866), Privy Councilor (1859), Chamberlain. In 1834-1839, manager of the Moscow office of the State Commercial Bank, from 1842 - trustee of the Moscow Orphanage, in 1849-51 chairman of the Committee for the supervision of factories and factories in Moscow, from 1858 vice-president of the Moscow Palace Office. Married to Princess Maria Andreevna Dolgorukova.

Representatives of this line of the Lvov princes’ family are included in Part V of the genealogical book of the Moscow and St. Petersburg provinces. Almost all the descendants of the people listed above died in Civil War or were repressed in the 1920-30s.

Descendants of another grandson of Prince Stepan Fedorovich - Nikita Yakovlevich- lived mainly in the Kaluga and Tula provinces, many of them served in elections from the nobility. Representatives of this branch of the clan are included in the V part of the genealogical book of the Kaluga and Tula provinces, their family nest is the estate “Oblivion” in the village. The swamp of the Belevsky district of the Tula province, which passed to the Lvovs from the Streshnevs in 1647.

Best known of this branch Alexander Dmitrievich, one of the organizers of firefighting in Russia, founder (1881) of the voluntary fire brigade in Strelna (near St. Petersburg) and the Russian Fire Society (1893), editor of the magazine “Firefighting”, one of the initiators of the 1st fire exhibition in St. Petersburg (1892 ). From his maternal grandfather P.K. Alexandrov, he inherited a dacha-castle in Strelna.

Lugovkins (junior branch)

The Lvov-Lugovkin princes, the last of whom died at the end of the 18th century, descend from Prince Andrei Lvovich Lugovka (see above). The most notable representatives:

• Prince Nikita Yakovlevich(d. 1684), patriarch, and from 1629 royal steward, participant in the Russian-Polish (1654-1667) and Russian-Swedish (1656-1658) wars, from 1658 okolnichy, in 1660-62 voivode in Kaluga, from 1665 - voivode in Kyiv, in 1666-68 - in Sevsk. Later he took monastic vows at the Tolga Monastery.
• Prince Semyon Ivanovich, during the Razin uprising, a comrade of the governor in Astrakhan; killed by rebels in 1671.
• Prince Pyotr Grigorievich, in 1682 voivode in Vologda, then the room steward of Princess Sofia Alekseevna, after her fall he was sent by voivode to Arkhangelsk, in 1693-94 - to Vologda. Participant of the Azov campaigns, voivode in Azov in 1696-97, granted okolnichy, built at his own expense 2 ships for the Azov fleet, from 1705 in Moscow, was in charge of the affairs of the sick and wounded.
• Prince Petr Lukich(d. 1715), steward (1660), in 1677-80 voivode in Tomsk, in the Crimean campaign 1687 voivode in the Big Regiment at the Banner, then granted okolnichy, in 1688 voivode in Sevsk, in 1689-91 - in Kursk, in 1693-94 - again in Sevsk. At his own expense he built a ship for the Azov Fleet. In 1698, a judge during the investigation of the cases of participants in the Streltsy revolt of 1698, in 1708-1710, governor in Kazan.
• His nephew Ivan Borisovich(1669-1719), stolnik, in 1700-1714 commissar for Russian minors who studied navigation in Holland and England. From 1716, he was chief of the crew of the Admiralty Collegium, in 1718 he was arrested twice in the case of Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich, and in the same year he was exiled to his villages.

Sources

• Rummel V.V., .// Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.
• Dolgorukov P.V. Russian genealogy book. - St. Petersburg. : Type. Karl Wingeber, 1854. - T. 1. - P. 185.
• Rummel V.V., Golubtsov V.V. Genealogical collection of Russian noble families. - T. 1. - P. 570-596.
• History of the families of the Russian nobility: In 2 books. /aut.-state P. N. Petrov. - M.: Contemporary; Lexika, 1991. - T. 1. - P. 165-169. - 50,000 copies. - ISBN 5-270-01513-7.

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An excerpt characterizing the Lvovs (princes)

Again Natasha's body shook with sobs.
- Well, he will find out, well, your brother, groom!
“I don’t have a fiance, I refused,” Natasha shouted.
“It doesn’t matter,” continued Marya Dmitrievna. - Well, they’ll find out, so why leave it like that? After all, he, your father, I know him, after all, if he challenges him to a duel, will it be good? A?
- Oh, leave me alone, why did you interfere with everything! For what? For what? who asked you? - Natasha shouted, sitting up on the sofa and looking angrily at Marya Dmitrievna.
- What did you want? - Marya Dmitrievna cried out again, getting excited, - why did they lock you up? Well, who stopped him from going to the house? Why should they take you away like some kind of gypsy?... Well, if he had taken you away, what do you think, he wouldn’t have been found? Your father, or brother, or fiancé. And he’s a scoundrel, a scoundrel, that’s what!
“He’s better than all of you,” Natasha cried, standing up. - If you hadn’t interfered... Oh, my God, what is this, what is this! Sonya, why? Go away!... - And she began to sob with such despair with which people only mourn such grief, which they feel themselves to be the cause of. Marya Dmitrievna began to speak again; but Natasha shouted: “Go away, go away, you all hate me, you despise me.” – And again she threw herself on the sofa.
Marya Dmitrievna continued for some time to admonish Natasha and convince her that all this must be hidden from the count, that no one would find out anything if only Natasha took it upon herself to forget everything and not show to anyone that anything had happened. Natasha didn't answer. She didn’t cry anymore, but she began to feel chills and trembling. Marya Dmitrievna put a pillow on her, covered her with two blankets and brought her some lime blossom herself, but Natasha did not respond to her. “Well, let him sleep,” said Marya Dmitrievna, leaving the room, thinking that she was sleeping. But Natasha was not sleeping and, with fixed, open eyes, looked straight ahead from her pale face. All that night Natasha did not sleep, and did not cry, and did not speak to Sonya, who got up and approached her several times.
The next day, for breakfast, as Count Ilya Andreich had promised, he arrived from the Moscow region. He was very cheerful: the deal with the buyer was going well and nothing was keeping him now in Moscow and in separation from the countess, whom he missed. Marya Dmitrievna met him and told him that Natasha had become very unwell yesterday, that they had sent for a doctor, but that she was better now. Natasha did not leave her room that morning. With pursed, cracked lips, dry, fixed eyes, she sat by the window and restlessly peered at those passing along the street and hurriedly looked back at those entering the room. She was obviously waiting for news about him, waiting for him to come or write to her.
When the count came up to her, she turned restlessly at the sound of his man’s steps, and her face took on its former cold and even angry expression. She didn't even get up to meet him.
– What’s wrong with you, my angel, are you sick? - asked the count. Natasha was silent.
“Yes, I’m sick,” she answered.
In response to the count's worried questions about why she was so killed and whether anything had happened to her fiancé, she assured him that nothing was wrong and asked him not to worry. Marya Dmitrievna confirmed Natasha’s assurances to the Count that nothing had happened. The count, judging by the imaginary illness, by the disorder of his daughter, by the embarrassed faces of Sonya and Marya Dmitrievna, clearly saw that something was going to happen in his absence: but he was so scared to think that something shameful had happened to his beloved daughter, he He loved his cheerful calm so much that he avoided asking questions and kept trying to assure himself that nothing special had happened and was only grieving that due to her ill health their departure to the village had been postponed.

From the day his wife arrived in Moscow, Pierre was preparing to go somewhere, just so as not to be with her. Soon after the Rostovs arrived in Moscow, the impression that Natasha made on him made him hasten to fulfill his intention. He went to Tver to see the widow of Joseph Alekseevich, who promised long ago to give him the papers of the deceased.
When Pierre returned to Moscow, he was given a letter from Marya Dmitrievna, who called him to her place on a very important matter concerning Andrei Bolkonsky and his fiancee. Pierre avoided Natasha. It seemed to him that he had a feeling for her stronger than that which a married man should have for the bride of his friend. And some kind of fate constantly brought him together with her.
“What happened? And what do they care about me? he thought as he got dressed to go to Marya Dmitrievna. Prince Andrei would come quickly and marry her!” thought Pierre on the way to Akhrosimova.
On Tverskoy Boulevard someone called out to him.
- Pierre! How long have you arrived? – a familiar voice shouted to him. Pierre raised his head. In a pair of sleighs, on two gray trotters throwing snow at the tops of the sleigh, Anatole flashed by with his constant companion Makarin. Anatole sat upright, in the classic pose of military dandies, covering the bottom of his face with a beaver collar and bending his head slightly. His face was ruddy and fresh, his hat with a white plume was put on one side, revealing his hair, curled, pomaded and sprinkled with fine snow.
“And rightly so, here is a real sage! thought Pierre, he sees nothing beyond the present moment of pleasure, nothing disturbs him, and that is why he is always cheerful, content and calm. What would I give to be like him!” Pierre thought with envy.
In Akhrosimova's hallway, the footman, taking off Pierre's fur coat, said that Marya Dmitrievna was being asked to come to her bedroom.
Opening the door to the hall, Pierre saw Natasha sitting by the window with a thin, pale and angry face. She looked back at him, frowned and with an expression of cold dignity left the room.
- What's happened? - asked Pierre, entering Marya Dmitrievna.
“Good deeds,” answered Marya Dmitrievna: “I’ve lived fifty-eight years in the world, I’ve never seen such shame.” - And taking Pierre’s word of honor to remain silent about everything that he learns, Marya Dmitrievna informed him that Natasha refused her fiancé without the knowledge of her parents, that the reason for this refusal was Anatol Kuragin, with whom her wife set Pierre up, and with whom she wanted to run away in the absence of his father, in order to get married secretly.
Pierre, with his shoulders raised and his mouth open, listened to what Marya Dmitrievna was telling him, not believing his ears. The bride of Prince Andrei, so much loved, this formerly sweet Natasha Rostova, should exchange Bolkonsky for the fool Anatole, already married (Pierre knew the secret of his marriage), and fall in love with him so much as to agree to run away with him! “Pierre couldn’t understand this and couldn’t imagine it.”
The sweet impression of Natasha, whom he had known since childhood, could not combine in his soul with the new idea of ​​​​her baseness, stupidity and cruelty. He remembered his wife. “They are all the same,” he said to himself, thinking that he was not the only one who had the sad fate of being associated with a nasty woman. But he still felt sorry for Prince Andrey to the point of tears, he felt sorry for his pride. And the more he pitied his friend, the more contempt and even disgust he thought about this Natasha, who was now walking past him in the hall with such an expression of cold dignity. He did not know that Natasha’s soul was filled with despair, shame, humiliation, and that it was not her fault that her face accidentally expressed calm dignity and severity.
- Yes, how to get married! - Pierre said in response to Marya Dmitrievna’s words. - He couldn’t get married: he’s married.
“It’s not getting any easier hour by hour,” said Marya Dmitrievna. - Good boy! That's a bastard! And she waits, she waits for the second day. At least he will stop waiting, I must tell her.
Having learned from Pierre the details of Anatole's marriage, pouring out her anger on him with abusive words, Marya Dmitrievna told him what she had called him for. Marya Dmitrievna was afraid that the count or Bolkonsky, who could arrive at any moment, having learned the matter that she intended to hide from them, would challenge Kuragin to a duel, and therefore asked him to order his brother-in-law on her behalf to leave Moscow and not dare show himself to her on the eyes. Pierre promised her to fulfill her wish, only now realizing the danger that threatened the old count, Nikolai, and Prince Andrei. Having briefly and precisely stated her requirements to him, she released him into the living room. - Look, the count doesn’t know anything. “You act like you don’t know anything,” she told him. - And I’ll go tell her that there’s nothing to wait for! “Yes, stay for dinner if you want,” Marya Dmitrievna shouted to Pierre.
Pierre met the old count. He was confused and upset. That morning Natasha told him that she had refused Bolkonsky.
“Trouble, trouble, mon cher,” he said to Pierre, “trouble with these motherless girls; I'm so anxious that I came. I'll be honest with you. We heard that she refused the groom without asking anyone anything. Let’s face it, I was never very happy about this marriage. Let's say he good man, but well, there would be no happiness against her father’s will, and Natasha would not be left without suitors. Yes, after all, this has been going on for a long time, and how can it be without a father, without a mother, such a step! And now she’s sick, and God knows what! It’s bad, Count, it’s bad with motherless daughters... - Pierre saw that the Count was very upset, he tried to shift the conversation to another subject, but the Count again returned to his grief.
Sonya entered the living room with a worried face.
– Natasha is not entirely healthy; she is in her room and would like to see you. Marya Dmitrievna is with her and asks you too.
“But you are very friendly with Bolkonsky, he probably wants to convey something,” said the count. - Oh, my God, my God! How good everything was! - And taking hold of the sparse temples of his gray hair, the count left the room.
Marya Dmitrievna announced to Natasha that Anatol was married. Natasha did not want to believe her and demanded confirmation of this from Pierre himself. Sonya told Pierre this as she escorted him through the corridor to Natasha’s room.
Natasha, pale, stern, sat next to Marya Dmitrievna and from the very door met Pierre with a feverishly shining, questioning gaze. She did not smile, did not nod her head to him, she just looked stubbornly at him, and her gaze asked him only about whether he was a friend or an enemy like everyone else in relation to Anatole. Pierre himself obviously did not exist for her.
“He knows everything,” said Marya Dmitrievna, pointing at Pierre and turning to Natasha. “Let him tell you whether I was telling the truth.”
Natasha, like a shot, hunted animal looking at the approaching dogs and hunters, looked first at one and then at the other.
“Natalya Ilyinichna,” Pierre began, lowering his eyes and feeling a feeling of pity for her and disgust for the operation that he had to perform, “whether it’s true or not, it shouldn’t matter to you, because...
- So it’s not true that he is married!
- No, it's true.
– Was he married for a long time? - she asked, - honestly?
Pierre gave her his word of honor.
– Is he still here? – she asked quickly.
- Yes, I saw him just now.
She was obviously unable to speak and made signs with her hands to leave her.

Pierre did not stay for dinner, but immediately left the room and left. He went around the city to look for Anatoly Kuragin, at the thought of whom all the blood now rushed to his heart and he had difficulty catching his breath. In the mountains, among the gypsies, among the Comoneno, it was not there. Pierre went to the club.
In the club everything went on as usual: the guests who had come to dine sat in groups and greeted Pierre and talked about city news. The footman, having greeted him, reported to him, knowing his acquaintance and habits, that a place had been left for him in the small dining room, that Prince Mikhail Zakharych was in the library, and Pavel Timofeich had not arrived yet. One of Pierre's acquaintances, between talking about the weather, asked him if he had heard about Kuragin's kidnapping of Rostova, which they talk about in the city, is it true? Pierre laughed and said that this was nonsense, because he was now only from the Rostovs. He asked everyone about Anatole; one told him that he had not come yet, the other that he would dine today. It was strange for Pierre to look at this calm, indifferent crowd of people who did not know what was going on in his soul. He walked around the hall, waited until everyone had arrived, and without waiting for Anatole, he did not have lunch and went home.
Anatole, whom he was looking for, dined with Dolokhov that day and consulted with him on how to correct the spoiled matter. It seemed to him necessary to see Rostova. In the evening he went to his sister to talk with her about the means to arrange this meeting. When Pierre, having traveled all over Moscow in vain, returned home, the valet reported to him that Prince Anatol Vasilich was with the countess. The Countess's living room was full of guests.